To evaluate the diagnosis and treatment of epidural neurilemmoma in the spinal canal, the diagnostic characteritics shown by X ray, MRI and CT were analyzed in 42 patients. Furthermore, peri operative conditions, operative time, blood loss and amount of blood transfusion during the operation, operative technique, changes in functions of the spinal cord before and after the operation were also analyzed. The results showed that there was marked recovery of nerve functions after the operation. MRI together with X ray and CT were in the diagnosis of the nature and site of the lesion. Excision of the tumor was done in all the patients. Among them, in 12 patients internal fixation was done at the same time. Follow up showed that the operation achieved good results. While radiologic examinations contributed greatly to the diagnosis, the final diagnosis depended on pathological examination. Internal fixation was optional depending on different situations.

Abstract?AIM:To evaluate the pupil light reflex in patients with primary open angle glaucoma, and to investigate the relation between pupil and visual field defect.?METHODS:From July 2014 to October 2015, 115 eyes in 86 patients with primary open angle glaucoma and 23 eyes in 16 healthy individuals were continuously enrolled in this study.All the subjects received comprehensive eye examination, visual field examination ( Humphrey, SITA Standard 24-2 ) and dynamic pupil measurement ( MonCV3 Metrovision) .According to the visual field and the Glaucoma Staging System, the patients with glaucoma were divided into 5 subgroups: stage 1, stage 2, stage 3, stage 4 and stage 5. The parameters of pupillary light reflex were as follows: pupil diameter ( minimum, maximum ) , latency and duration of contraction, latency and duration of dilatation, contraction amplitude, contraction and dilatation speed, and percent of pupil contraction ( PPC ). SPSS 19.0 statistical software was used to analyze the measurement results.?RESULTS:The control group significantly differed from the stage 4 subgroup ( P=0.032 ) and stage 5 subgroup (P=0.014) in terms of minimum pupil diameter; there was significant difference in the pupil contraction speed between groups ( F =648.675, P <0.01 ), and the contraction speed in stage 5 subgroup was significantly lower than those in the other subgroups and control group (P<0.05); the control group significantly differed from the stage 3, stage 4, and stage 5 subgroup in terms of PPC ( P<0.05 ).Pupil contraction speed, PPC and minimum diameter showed correlation with the stages of glaucoma.?CONCLUSION:Pupil contraction ability in patients with primary open angle glaucoma was impaired, and the degree of impairment is related with the degree of visual field defect.

0.05).3.IL-8-251A and 781C were lingkaged(D′=0.348?0.019,r2=0.114 P

Objective To discuss the Clinical character of pulmonary tuberculosis combined malignant lymphoma and its Pathogenesis,and to review the literature.Methods Eighteen cases of pulmonary tuberculosis combined malignant lymphoma from 1996 to 2003 were retrospectively analyzed by its clinical manifestations,X-ray features,diagnosis and treatments.Results 18 cases were all infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis,13 them were calcification focals,5 were active pulmonary tuberculosis;5 of all were Hodgkin’s lymphomas,13 of all were non-Hodgkin′s lymphomas.16 cases were lymphomas after tuberculosis,2 cases tuberculosis after lymphomas,none were co-existent malignant lymphoma and tuberculosis.Tuberculosis may precede or complicate a lymphomatous process during the development of both diseases,This might is linked to immune deficiency and chronic inflammation;Lymphomas might cause pulmonary tuberculosis,it might cause the immune turbulence of an individual,Pulmonary tuberculosis infection occurring during or after the radiotherapy and chemotherapy of lymphoma.Conclusions It may pulmonary tuberculosis combined malignant lymphoma in the patients in the endemic areas of tuberculosis,Appropriate invasive biopsy procedures are necessary for early diagnosis.

Animals ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; Pneumonia ; genetics ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; genetics

Abstract: Objective To analyze the application effect of rapid diagnostic techniques in Shaanxi from 2016 to 2020,and to provide basis for further optimizing the process of tuberculosis detection and formulating prevention and control strategies. Methods A total of 104 437 cases of tuberculosis patients registered in Shaanxi Province from 2016-2020 were exported from the Tuberculosis Information Management System (The subsystem of China Disease Prevention and Control Information System) according to first management unit, and the laboratory test results of sputum smear, sputum culture and molecular tests were collected to statistically analyzed the positive rate of etiology, sputum smear, sputum culture, molecular biology testing rate, and indicators of positive testing rate of tuberculosis patients. Results From 2016 to 2020, the etiology�positive rate of tuberculosis in Shaanxi province were 13.49% (2 664/19 754), 22.68% (5 081/22 401), 35.99% (8 232/22 876), 48.14% (10 438 / 21 682), 52.65% (9 332 / 17 724), respectively, with an increasing trend (χ2 trend=9 473.12, P<0.001) year by year; the proportion of molecular tests positive only in etiology-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) were 0 (0/2 664), 0.16% (8/5 081), 15.44% (1 271/8 232), 27.58% (2 879/10 438), 31.52% (2 941/9 332), respectively, with an increasing trend year by year (χ2 trend=2 971.44, P<0.001); the molecular test rates of the 5 years were 0.01% (2 / 19 754), 0.38%(85 / 22 401), 21.11% (4 828/22 876), 52.42%(11 365/21 682), 55.18%(9 780/17 724), respectively, with an increasing trend year by year (χ2 trend = 28 269.23, P<0.001). The rate of molecular test in sputum smear-negative was 22.72%(17 976 / 79 130). The proportion of patients with only molecular test-positive was 33.43% (4 032/12 062) in municipal designated hospitals, and 11.99%(2 279/ 19 014) in county-level designated hospitals, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =2 096.46, P<0.001). Conclusions The rate of molecular biology testing in Shaanxi Province from 2016 to 2020 showed a year-on-year increase. Through the application of rapid molecular tests, the etiology-positive rates of tuberculosis have been increased significantly,but the current molecular test detection rate is not high compared with other provinces, especially in county-level designated hospitals and smear-negative patients, so we should make a big promotion in application of rapid molecular technique.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a genetic heterogeneous disease in which primordial and juvenile myeloid cells proliferate or accumulate abnormally in bone marrow, peripheral blood and other tissues, resulting in damage to normal hematopoietic function. Studies have shown that about 30% of AML patients have FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), FLT3 abnormal regulation is closely related to the occurrence and development of AML. At present, FLT3 has become an important target for developing small molecular targeted drugs. Currently, a variety of FLT3 inhibitors and FLT3 degraders have been developed targeting FLT3, and some compounds have exhibited good anti-AML activity. This article summarizes and sorts out the current mainstream drugs for AML therapeutic targeting FLT3, in order to provide a reference for the development and design of AML drugs.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of retroperitoneal laparoscopic pyelolithotomy ( RLP) combined with holmium laser lithotripsy under flexible cystoscopy in the treatment of complicated nephrolithiasis. Methods The retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data of 37 patients who underwent RLP and holmium laser lithotripsy under flexible cystoscopy for complicated nephrolithiasis from January 2013 to January 2014. The clinic parameters involved basic data of patients,operational time,blood loss,post-operative hospital stay,the status of stone-free,perioperative complications,and the follow-up data of patients were observed. Results No patient was converted to open surgery. The mean stone size was (2. 8 ± 0. 9) cm in diameter,operational time was (89 ± 24) min,blood loss was (21. 3 ± 7. 7) mL,post-operative hospital stay was (6. 8 ± 1. 7) d,the stone removal rate in one session was 94. 6%. One case occurred urinary leakage,1 case occurred fever after operation,who were all recovered through conservative treatment. All cases were followed up at the sixth months after operation. Conclusion RLP combined with holmium laser lithotripsy under flexible cystoscopy is effective and safe for the treatment of com-plicated nephrolithiasis.

Objective To determine the difference of macrophage RAW264.7 apoptosis induced by Brucella melitensis virulent strain 16M and attenuated strain M5-90 and elucidate the regulatory role of caspases 3,8 and 9.Methods The best multiplicity of infection (MOI) was determined through kinetic analysis of Brucella melitensis strain 16M and M5-90 induced mouse macrophages apoptosis(bacterium ∶ cell =100 ∶ 1,50 ∶ 1,10 ∶1).The infection model was established using the best MOI =50 ∶ 1.The numbers of in vivo bacteria by colony formation units were calculated after macrophages were infected for different times,including 2,4,8,12,24 and 48 h,and the infected cells were collected.The ratios of apoptosis were detected and the regulation of caspases 3,8 and 9 in apoptosis pathway was elucidated by flow cytometry.Results The numbers of 16M in vivo bacteria were 105.4,104.8,105.8,106.5,108.0 and 109.0,respectively and of M5-90 were 106.1,106.2,106.4,106.3,106.1 and 105.0,respectively.The number of in vivo bacteria of 16M was significantly increased than that of M5-90 after infected for 24 h to 48 h.The ratios of apoptosis induced by 16M after infected for 2,4,8,12,24 and 48 h was (2.67 ± 0.09)％,(13.13 ± 0.30)％,(6.56 ± 0.42)％,(6.49 ± 0.28)％,(16.07 ± 0.86)％ and (24.23 ± 1.67)％,respectively,and by M5-90 was (3.62 ± 0.02)％,(32.01 ± 2.59)％,(17.58 ± 0.44)％,(16.09 ± 0.10)％,(62.53 ± 2.70)％ and (85.53 ± 0.15)％,respectively,and by control group was [(1.90 ± 0.20)％,(1.92 ±0.16)％,(1.99 ± 0.03)％,(2.48 ± 0.11)％,(3.56 ± 0.07)％,(5.26 ± 0.33)％].The differences were statistically between groups in same time.The Brucella melitensis vaccine strain M5-90 was more powerful than virulent strain 16M in respect of inducing macrophage apoptosis after infected for 24 to 48 h.Twenty-four hours after infection,the expression of caspases 3,8 and 9 was (1.47 ± 0.05)％,(1.52 ± 0.02)％ and (2.47 ± 0.12)％,respectively,in control group and the expression was (9.70 ± 0.46)％,(6.08 ± 0.56)％ and (35.08 ± 1.64)％,respectively,after infected for 24 h induced by M5-90.The expression of caspases 3,8 and 9 was significantly higher than that control group (P ＜ 0.01).Twenty-four hours after given caspases 3,8 and 9 inhibitor,apoptosis rate in control group was (66.72 ± 1.28)％,in M5-90 group was (22.58 ± 0.55)％,(53.15 ± 1.85)％ and (29.18 ± 0.23)％,respectively,and compared with control group,apoptosis rate of caspases 3,8 and 9 was significantly lower(P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Apoptosis of macrophage can be induced by Brucella melitensis virulent vaccine strain 16M and attenuated strain M5-90.M5-90 is stronger than that of strain 16M.Caspases 3,8 and 9 can regulate macrophage apoptosis after M5-90 infection.

AIM: To evaluate the influence of the calpain system mRNA and protein expression on the progress of atrial structural remodeling in fibrillating canine.METHODS: 17 dogs were randomly divided into 2 groups: normal control group(SR,n=6) and atrial fibrillation(AF,n=11) group.AF was induced by rapid pacing for 8 weeks and all dogs underwent transthoratic echocardiography before and after rapid pacing.The mRNA and protein expression of calpainⅠ,calpainⅡand calpastatin were assessed by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting,respectively.RESULTS: Compared with SR group,the left atrial diameters and the content of calcium in atrial myocardium increased significantly in AF group(P0.05) between two groups.The expression of calpastatin mRNA was upregulated significantly in AF group(P