Humans ; Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; standards ; Infant, Newborn ; Nutritional Support ; standards ; Practice Guidelines as Topic

Objective To investigate the effects of heparin coating on intimal hyperplasia in implanted decellularized xenografts.Methods The resected canie carotid arteries were decellularized,and heparin coating was partially performed.Eighteen rabbits were divided into non-heparin-coated group(n=9)and heparin-coated group(n=9).During implantation,only the left carotid between the anastomotic stoma was ligated.Doppler ultrasonography was performed 1,3 and 12 weeks post-implantation to measure the luminal diameter,and the hemodynamic parameters such as PSV,RI and PI were calculated.All animals were sacrificed,histological observations were conducted at 12 weeks post-implantation,and I/(I+ M)was calculated.Results Except for 1 week post-implantation in the ligated side,the luminal diameters in non-heparin -coated group were significantly smaller than that of pre-implantation.Besides,those of the non-ligated side at each time points were significantly smaller than the ligated side(P

Objective To study the rationality and possibility of 64 slice spiral CT in the examination of the temporal bone at low dose.Methods The same CT technique and temporal bone mode as those for clinical CT were used,two cranium specimens(four ears)were scanned with Somatom Sensation 64-slice spiral CT at different mA(380,300,200,160,120,80),and muhi-planar reformation was performed.The CT dose index at different mA groups were measured by 10 cm pencil ionization chamber and head dose phantom.Four anatomic structures on axial images(subarcuate fossa,tendon of tensor tympani, facial recess,etc),four anatomic structures on coronal images(scute,crista transversa,fenestra cochleae, etc)and six anatomic structures on double oblique images(malleus,incus,stirrup bone,upper bony semicircular,etc)were chosen to evaluate and grade the reformation images among different mA groups,and to determine the minimum mA value.Ten ears of five patients were used to test the validity of the minimum mA value.Results CT radiation dose was significantly reduced from(47.8?2.7)to(20.1?2.0)raCy (P

Objective To investigate the impact of cyclosporine A (CsA) on atrial expression change of L-type calcium channel αlc subunit in a canine model of atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods AF was induced by rapid atrial pacing (400 baets/min) for 8 weeks in adult male dogs and placebo (n=6) or CsA (5 mg·kg-1·d-1, n=6) were orally administered to these animals. Sham operated animals served as normal controls (n=6). The atrial electrophysiological parameters including P wave duration, atrial effective refractory period (AERP) were recorded and analyzed at baseline and 8 weeks later. Animals were scarified at 8 weeks post final electrophysiological examinations and atrial expressions of L-type calcium channel αlc subunit were determined by Western blot. Results Compared to sham group, the P wave duration was significantly prolonged while AERP was significantly decreased in AF and CsA groups (all P <0. 05). AERP was significantly longer in CsA group than that in AF group (P < 0. 05 ). L-type calcium channel αlc subunit expression was significantly downregulated in AF group compared to sham group (P <0. 05) and CsA significantly attenuated this downregulation (P < 0. 01 vs. AF group). Conclusion CsA could attenuate the downreguahion of the L-type calcium channel αlc subunit expression and improve the atrial electrophysiological remodeling in this canine model of AF.

Objective: To observe the impact of vareniline tartrate on vascular endothelial function and inlfammatory factor releasing in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients with nicotine dependence after smoking withdrawal treatment.
Methods: We recruited the in-hospital ACS patients who were smoking ≥10 cigarettes/day for more than 10 years with at least moderate nicotine dependence, and randomly divided them into 2 groups: Varenicline group, the patients received oral medication for 2 weeks and Self withdrawal group, the patients without medication assistance.n=52 in each group. All patients received (10-30) min daily mission and consulting for quit smoking for 2 weeks. The basic information was recorded and blood levels of NO, IL-6 and ET-1 were compared before and after withdrawal treatment.
Results: Compared with they were before, after 2 weeks withdrawal treatment, in Varenicline group, blood levels of ET-1 decreased as (33.950 ± 1.439) ng/L vs (170.198 ± 12.602) ng/L and IL-6 decreased as (0.103 ± 0.020) ng/L vs (0.307 ± 0.051) ng/L; in Self withdrawal group, ET-1 decreased as (60.795 ±7 .036) ng/L vs (170.511 ± 12.374) ng/L, all P<0.05; while NO levels were similar,P>0.05. After treatment, ET-1 level in Varenicline group (33.950 ± 1.439) ng/L was lower than Self withdrawal group (60.795 ± 7.036) ng/L and IL-6 level in Varenicline group (0.103 ± 0.020) ng/L was also lower than Self withdrawal group (0.258 ± 0.042) ng/L, allP<0.05; while NO levels were similar between 2 groups,P>0.05.
Conclusion: Compared with self withdrawal, varenicline tartrate may effectively inhibit inlfammatory factor releasing in ACS patients with nicotine dependence, and therefore improve the vascular endothelial function.

With the deployment of electronic medical records systems, more and more routine clinical data are recorded electronically, which become a potential data source for new drug clinical trials. In this paper, we summarized the opportunities, challenges, obstacles and the latest development in this field.
Clinical Trials as Topic ; Data Collection ; methods ; Drug Evaluation ; Electronic Health Records

Animals ; Blood Glucose ; drug effects ; Body Weight ; drug effects ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Hypoxia ; physiopathology ; KATP Channels ; drug effects ; Male ; Propylamines ; pharmacology ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective Research the correlation between expression of MMP-2 in colorectal cancer and patho- logical factors,or biological behaviors in colorectal cancer.Methods The expression of MMP-2 in 68 cases with col- orectal cancer were detected by immunohistochemical staining.Results The expression of MMP-2 in colorectal can- cer was not correlated with tumor region and histologic type,but related with depth of tumor invasion and metasta- sis.The frequency of positive cases in patients with colorectal cancer with of lymph,node metastasis was significantly higher than that in patients without lymph node metastasis(P

Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) pretreatment on the protein expression of c-fos in fastigial nucleus (FN) and lateral hypothalamus area (LHA) in rats with acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI), and to explore the role and mechanism of FN and LHA in EA at the Heart Meridian fighting against acute MIRI reaction. Methods: Seventy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a sham operation group, a model group, an EA-Heart Meridian group and an EA-Lung Meridian group, with 14 rats in each group; an LHA lesion plus EA-Heart Meridian group (LHA+EA-Heart Meridian group) and a FN lesion plus EA-Heart Meridian group (FN+EA-Heart Meridian group), with 7 rats in each group. Except the sham operation group, the left anterior descending branch of coronary artery was ligated to establish acute MIRI rat models in the other 5 groups. In the three groups with EA-Heart Meridian treatment, Shenmen (HT 7) and Tongli (HT 5) were selected; Taiyuan (LU 9) and Lieque (LU 7) were selected in the EA-Lung Meridian group. All the EA groups received EA stimulation prior to modeling, with 1 mA in current intensity and 2 Hz in frequency, 20 min each time, once a day for a total of 7 d. The sham operation group and the model group did not receive EA stimulation. The electrocardiogram was observed in the rats to analyze the ST-segment deviation and cardiac arrhythmia score. The expression of c-fos protein in FN and LHA was detected by immunohistochemistry method. Results: Compared with the sham operation group, the ST-segment deviation, cardiac arrhythmia score and the expression of c-fos protein in the FN and LHA increased significantly in the model group (all P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the ST-segment deviation, cardiac arrhythmia score and the expression of c-fos protein in FN and LHA decreased significantly in the EA-Heart Meridian group (all P<0.05). Compared with the EA-Heart Meridian group, the ST-segment deviation and cardiac arrhythmia score increased significantly in the EA-Lung Meridian group, LHA+EA-Heart Meridian group and FN+EA-Heart Meridian group (all P<0.05); the expression of c-fos in FN increased significantly in the EA-Lung Meridian group and LHA+EA-Heart Meridian group (both P<0.05); the expression of c-fos in LHA increased significantly in the EA-Lung Meridian group and FN+EA-Heart Meridian group (both P<0.05). Conclusion: FN and LHA are involved in the mechanism of EA at Heart Meridian to improve the acute MIRI reactions, and the cerebellum may participate in the improvement of cardiac function by EA through the cerebellum-hypothalamus projection.

Objective To explore the optimal cut-off points of body mass index(BMI),percentage of body fat(PBF) and body fat mass index(BFMI) for identification of cardiovascular risk factors clustering among elderly males. MethodsThe data of physical examinations from 1 052 Shanghai elderly males in 2007 were collected.The relationship between cardiovascular risk factors clustering and different strata of BMI,PBF and BFMI was analyzed.Receiver Operator Characteristic(ROC) curve analysis was employed to determine the optimal cut-points for identification of cardiovascular risk factors clustering,and area under curve(AUC) was worked out.The population attributable risk proportion(PARP) of risk factors clustering was calculated. Results Odds ratios of risk factors clustering tended to increase with BMI,PBF and BFMI.BMI≥24 kg/m2,PBF≥21% and BFMI≥5 kg/m2 were the cut-off points that had approximate sensitivity and specificity,and/or had the shortest distance in ROC curve.AUC of all the three indexes was larger than 0.5.Analysis of PARP indicated that BMI under 24 kg/m2,PBF under 21% and BFMI under 5 kg/m2 could prevent 27.1%,37.44% and 36.63% risk factors clustering,respectively. Conclusion BMI≥24 kg/m2,PBF≥21% and BFMI≥5 kg/m2 can well reflect the cardiovascular risk factors clustering among elderly males.