Objective: To investigate the chemical constituents from Tinosporae Radix (the roots of Tinospora sagittata) and their antiproliferative effects in cancer cells. Methods: The compounds were isolated and purified by means of silica gel, ODS, and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. The structures were identified on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectroscopic analysis. The antiproliferative effects in HL-60 and MCF-7 cells were tested by Trypan blue and MTT methods, respectively. Results: Nine compounds were isolated and their structures were identified as tetrahydropalmatine (1), tetrahydrojatrorrhizine (2), jatrorrhizine (3), palmatine (4), neoechinulin A (5), echinuline (6), N-trans-feruloyltyramine (7), uracil (8), and triethylamine hydroiodide (9). Conclusion: Among them, compounds 5, 6, 8 and 9 are isolated from the plants of Tinospora Miers for the first time. Compounds 1, 3-5 and 7 show the moderate antiproliferative effects in HL-60 cells.

Purpose: The evidence of adherence to cancer prevention guidelines and endometrial cancer (EC) risk has been limited and controversial. This study summarizes and quantifies the relationship between adherence to cancer prevention guidelines and EC risk. Materials and Methods: The online databases PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE were searched for relevant publications up to June 2, 2020. This study had been registered at PROSPERO. The registration number is CRD42020149966. Study quality evaluation was performed based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The I2 statistic was used to estimate heterogeneity among studies. Egger’s and Begg’s tests assessed potential publication bias. Summary hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the relationship between adherence to cancer prevention guidelines score was assigned to participants by summarizing individual scores for each lifestyle-related factor. The scores ranged from least healthy (0) to most healthy (20) and the EC risk was calculated using a randomeffects model. Results: Five prospective studies (four cohort studies and one case‑cohort study) consisted of 4,470 EC cases, where 597,047 participants were included. Four studies had a low bias risk and one study had a high bias risk. Summary EC HR for the highest vs. lowest score of adherence to cancer prevention guidelines was 0.54 (95% CI, 0.40 to 0.73) and had a high heterogeneity (I2=86.1%). For the dose-response analysis, an increment of 1 significantly reduced the risk of EC by 6%. No significant publication bias was detected. Conclusion This study suggested that adherence to cancer prevention guidelines was negatively related to EC risk.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Ambulatory Surgical Procedures ; instrumentation ; methods ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radio Waves ; Tonsillectomy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Young Adult

Objective: In comparison with thrombus aspiration, to study the safety and effcacy of precise intracoronary retrograde thrombolysis during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
Methods: A total of 123 consecutive patients with acute STEMI received primary PCI in our hospital from 2014-01 to 2015-12 were enrolled.The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups: RT group, the patients received precise intracoronary retrograde thrombolysis (RT),n=60 and TA group, the patients received thrombus aspiration (TA),n=63, among them, 3 patients with failed TA were excluded. Primary end points included occurrence rates of no-lfow after PCI and ST-segment resolution (STR)≥50% at (60-90) min after PCI; primary safety end points included occurrence rates of in-hospital stroke and TIMI-hemorrhage events.
Results:①Compared with TA group, RT group showed decreased no-lfow rate after PCI (1.7% vs 15.0%),P=0.008 and increased rate of STR≥50% after PCI (65.0% vs 45.0%),P=0.028, improved LVEF by echocardiography (50.7±8.6) % vs (46.7±8.3)%,P=0.011. The in-hospital MACE occurrence rate was similar between 2 groups,P>0.05.②No in-hospital stroke or TIMI-hemorrhage events occurred in neither group.
Conclusion: Intracoronary retrograde precise thrombolysis had the similar safety to thrombus aspiration during primary PCI in patients with acute STEMI, it may reduce no-relfow rate and improve left ventricular function after PCI.

OBJECTIVETo study Chinese medicine (CM) signs and symptoms of urethane-induced lung cancer in mice, and observe the effect of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata and Taraxaci Herba on symptoms in mice and tumor progress.

METHODThe mice were intraperitoneally injected with urethane twice a week for consecutively five weeks to establish a lung cancer model. The changes in their appearance, body temperature and auricle microcirculation were observed in carcinogenic process. CM signs and symptoms of urethane-induced lung cancer in mice were evaluated with energy metabolism, erythrocytic ATP emzymatic activity and hemorrheological index. During the tumor model was induced, Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata and Taraxaci Herba were used to treat the mice and observe their effect on symptoms in mice and tumor progress.

RESULTDuring urethane was used to induce lung cancer, the mice had gradually become chill, lazy, hunched, with reduction in temperature, cyanosis in auricle and tail. Meanwhile, their energy metabolism and erythrocytic ATP enzymatic activity reduced, whereas their whole blood viscosity and erythrocytic aggregate index increased. Taraxaci Herba showed an effect on enhancing above symptoms and signs but had no effect on tumor progress. Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata showed an effect on reducing above symptoms and signs and preventing tumor progress.

CONCLUSIONMice with urethane-induced lung cancer show CM signs and symptoms of congealing cold with blood stasis. The treatment with Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata can alleviate symptoms and signs in mice and prevent tumor progress.

Aconitum ; chemistry ; Animals ; Blood Circulation ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Neoplastic Processes ; Taraxacum ; chemistry ; Urethane ; adverse effects

OBJECTIVETo analyze the level of mortality of brain tumor and its changes at different periods in China.

METHODSDeath records for tumor of brain and central nervous system, which the code of international classification of diseases-10 (ICD-10) were C70-C72, were extracted from the database of the Third National Retrospective Sampling Survey of Death Causes in China during 2004 to 2005. The corresponding population data was linked to the data of death records, that the total population was 142 660 482 person years (72 970 241 person years in male, 69 690 241 person years in female). Then crude death rate, age-specific death rate, the constitute proportion to all death caused by tumor and the age-standardized death rate were calculated by taking reference of Chinese standard population or the world standard population. The indexes of mortality were compared with that of previous retrospective surveys of death causes at 1973 - 1975 and 1990 - 1992.

RESULTSThe result showed that during 2004 to 2005, the number died from brain tumor was 4463 and the crude death rate in China was 3.13/100 000, which accounted for 2.30% of the all number died from tumor (193 841 cases). The age-standardized death rate by Chinese standard population was 2.37/100 000 and the age-standardized death rate by the world standard population was 2.90/100 000. Of which, there were 2556 death cases for males with crude death rate of 3.50/100 000. While for females, the crude death rate was 2.74/100 000 (1907 death cases). Age-standardized death rates by Chinese standard population in male and female were 2.71/100 000 and 2.03/100 000 respectively. The age-standardized death rate by world standard population was 3.31/100 000 for male and for female that was 2.48/100 000. The age-specific death rate of brain tumor in China was increasing as age growing. The crude death rates were 3.78/100 000 (1809/47 899 806), 2.80/100 000 (2654/94 760 676), and the age-standardized death rates by Chinese standard population were 2.71/100 000 and 2.20/100 000 for urban and rural area respectively, and the crude death rates of brain tumor in east, middle and west region were 3.60/100 000 (1894/52 556 694), 3.14/100 000 (1565/49 781 225), 2.49/100 000 (1004/40 322 563). The age-standardized death rates by Chinese population were 2.57/100 000, 2.43/100 000 and 2.02/100 000. Compared to the data in the first survey during 1973 to 1975, in which the crude death rate was 1.13/100 000 and age-standardized death rate by Chinese standard population was 1.10/100 000, the crude death rate and age-standardized death rate by Chinese standard population were increased by 176.99% and 115.45% respectively. While compared with the second survey during 1990 to 1992, that crude death rate was 1.89/100 000 and age-standardized death rate by Chinese standard population was 1.74/100 000, the rising percent of the rates were 65.61% and 36.21% respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe level of mortality of brain tumor has been changing with an increasing trend from the period of 1973 - 1975 to the period of 2004 - 2005. The rate in male was higher than that of female with great diversity in different areas in China.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Brain Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; mortality ; Cause of Death ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Death Certificates ; Female ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship of the incidence of bronchial dysplasia (bronchial anomalous origin and bronchial stenosis) with congenital heart disease.

METHODSA total of 185 children with congenital heart disease or bronchial dysplasia were enrolled. Bronchial dysplasia was identified by the 64-MSCT conventional scanning or thin slice scanning with three-dimensional reconstruction.

RESULTSForty-five children (25.3%) had coexisting bronchial dysplasia and congenital heart disease. The incidence rate of bronchial dysplasia in children with congenital heart disease associated with ventricular septal defect was higher than in those without ventricular septal defect (33.7% vs 15.0%; P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the incidence rate of bronchial dysplasia between the children with congenital heart disease who had a large vascular malformation and who did not.

CONCLUSIONSBronchial dysplasia often occurs in children with congenital heart disease. It is necessary to perform a tracheobronchial CT scanning with three-dimensional reconstruction to identify tracheobronchial dysplasia in children with congenital heart disease, especially associated with ventricular septal defect.

Adolescent ; Bronchi ; abnormalities ; embryology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Infant ; Male ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To explore the effect of pulmonary rehabilitation training on the respiratory function,motor function,life quality,survival and complications of patients with non-operative lung cancer.Methods A group of 88 patients with non-operative lung cancer was randomly divided into a training group (n=45) and a control group (n=43).Both groups were given anti-tumor therapy,while the training group was additionally provided with systematic respiratory training,including breathing pattern training,cough and expectoration training,respiratory gymnastics and walking training.Forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) were measured at the outset and after 8,16 and 24 weeks of the training.The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) was administered along with the QLQ-C30 assessment of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer.Complications in both groups were also recorded and analyzed.The progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were followed up after the treatment.Results After 8,16 and 24 weeks of the treatment,the average FVC and FEV1 volumes and the 6MWT times of the training group were significantly better than those before treatment and significantly better than the control group averages.Indeed,no significant improvement was observed in the control group's average FVC,FEV1 or 6MWT results.After 24 weeks the treatment group's average scores on the physical function,social function,emotional function,fatigue,nausea and vomiting,pain,dyspnea,insomnia,appetite,constipation,and overall quality of life sub-scales of the QLQ-C30 had all improved significantly more than in the control group.The incidence of pulmonary complications in the control group (26％) was significantly higher than that in the training group.(11％).The median PFS and OS of the training group (14.3 and 27.3 months) were not significantly better than those of the control group,however.Conclusion Respiratory exercise training and aerobic exercise training combined with the anti-tumor therapy,while not prolonging survival,can effectively improve the life quality of patients with non-operative lung cancer,reducing the incidence of complications and promoting the recovery of respiratory function.The combination is worthy of popularization in clinical practice.

Objective: To compare the efifcacy of direct and pre-dilated atherectomy (RA) for treating the patients with calciifed coronary lesions. Methods: A total of 137 coronary artery disease (CAD) patients received RA treatment in our hospital from 2010-04 to 2014-09 were retrospectively studied. The ischemic related lesions were all deifned as calciifed coronary lesions. The patients were divided into 2 groups: Direct RA group,n=81 and Pre-dilated RA group, the patients received balloon dilatation followed by RA,n=56. The procedural features, complications, in-hospital and 1 year occurrence rates of major cardiaccerebral vascular events (MACCE) were compared between 2 groups. Results: Compared with Pre-dilated RA group, Direct RA group had the less pre-stent balloon application,P=0.000 and the higher maximum post-dilatationpressure,P=0.004; lower rate of in-operative complication (14.8% vs 32.1%),P=0.016; higher rate of acute lumen gain (128.52±75.77) % vs (77.12±27.01) %,P=0.004; lower MACCE occurrencerate(7.3% vs 23.6%) at 1 year period,P=0.006.Cox regression analysis presented that the following indexes were related to MACCE occurrence within 1 year of RA treatment: balloon dilatation before RA (HR=8.166, 95% CI 1.872-35.614,P=0.005), left main disease (HR=13.649, 95% CI 2.983-62.440,P=0.001), minimum post-operative lumen area (HR=0.583, 95% CI 0.378-0.879,P=0.010), post-dilatation (HR=0.066, 95% CI 0.013-0.332,P=0.001) and EF>40% (HR=0.019, 95% CI 0.002-0.158, P=0.000). Conclusion: Direct RA had the lower MACCE occurrence rate at 1 year period, this might be related to less operative complication and the optimal lumen gain.

Objective To provide the feasible basis for the implementation of integration processing technology of origin of Moslae Herba by comparing the traditional cutting processing and integration processing of origin of Moslae Herba. Methods Taking the softening time, the length of cutting section and the drying temperature as the investigation factors of the traditional cutting processing, and the cutting length, drying temperature and drying time as the investigation factors of the integration processing of origin, L9(34) orthogonal test was used. Carvacrol, thymol, volatile oil content were setting as the evaluation indexes, the traditional cutting processing and the integration processing of origin were optimized, and the two selected process were compared. The contents of carvacrol and thymol were deterrmined by Agilent 1200 high performance liquid chromatography and ECOSIL-C18 column. The mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.2％ acetic acid, gradient elution, with wavelength of 274 nm, flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, sample volume of 20 μL. The extraction of the volatile oil was in accordance with the volatile oil determination method in Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015 edition. Results The optimized traditional cutting processing: softening 1 h with 3 times amount of water, cutting to 1.0 cm, drying at 50–60 ℃. The optimized integration processing of origin: cutting to 1.0 cm in fresh, drying at 50–60 ℃, drying to 36 h. The contents of carvacrol, thymol, and volatile oil in the optimum integration processing of origin were all higher than the traditional cutting processing. Conclusion The technology of integration processing of origin is simple and convenient, which can make up the defects of the complicated traditional cutting processing and the lessen of effective components, and is feasible.