G,the noval insertion mutation of c.2298_2299insC is identified in Chinese patients.

Objective To establish a height prediction model of Chinese Han male based on the reported 547 height-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) loci in Europeans, and assess its accuracy for height estimation. Methods The DNA typing was analyzed in 59 Han male samples of Shandong province by Affymetrix SNP Array 6.0 chip and HiSeq 4000 sequencing platform. Prediction model was established using 547 height-associated SNPs loci as predictors and weight allele sums (WAS) as com-puting method. The accuracy of height prediction model was analysed using receiver operating characteris-tic (ROC) curve and area under curve (AUC). Results There was no height-associated SNPs locus was found by genome-wide association studies. In present study, height prediction model was established by WAS and obtained an AUC of 0.67 (95％CI:0.53-0.90). Conclusion It has reference value for predicting the height of Han male in Shandong province by WAS model based on 547 SNPs loci, while it is still necessary to further promote the accuracy of the prediction model by screening more height-associated SNPs loci with population heterogeneity.

Objective: To compare the differences of water barrier function between keloids and its surrounding normal skin in patients with keloids, and to explore the primary mechanism. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted. From October 2020 to March 2021, 30 patients with keloids who met the inclusion criteria visited Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, including 18 females and 12 males, aged 20-48 years. The transepidermal water loss (TEWL) of their keloids and the surrounding normal skin of the 30 patients were measured by multi probe adapter on the reception day. The keloid tissues and normal skin of 5 patients after keloid repair surgery were processed for hematoxylin-eosin staining to measure the thickness of epidermis. Immunohistochemistry was performed on samples from 3 of those 5 patients to detect the expressions of cytokeratin-10, involucrin, and filaggrin in keloids and normal skin. Data were statistically analyzed with paired sample t test and independent sample t test. Results: On the reception day, the TEWL of keloids of 30 patients was 9.0 (6.9, 13.4) g·m^-2·h^-1 and the TEWL of the normal skin was 8.1 (6.4, 18.1) g·m^-2·h^-1, between which the difference was not statistically significant (t=0.44, P>0.05). After keloid repair surgery, the thickness of epidermis in the keloids of 5 patients was (194±44) μm, which was significantly thicker than that of the normal skin (44±11) μm, (t=6.88, P<0.01). Furthermore, increased keratinocytes, lack of normal epidermal ridge structures, and thickened stratum corneum were observed in the keloid area. After keloid repair surgery, the expression level of cytokeratin-10 in keloids was significantly lower than that in normal skin of 3 patients (t=8.50, P<0.01), but there were no statistically significant differences in the expression levels of involucrin or filaggrin between keloids and normal skin (with t values of 0.07 and 0.96, respectively, P>0.05). Conclusions: Keloid tissue from patients with keloids displays increased number of keratinocytes and thickened epidermis. But the water barrier function in keloid area is similar to the surrounding normal skin, suggesting that TEWL may not be the main mechanism lead to the persistent development of keloids.
Adult ; China ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Keloid/pathology* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Skin/pathology* ; Water ; Young Adult

To identify origin of the medicinal materials Dryopteridis Crassirhizomatis Rhizoma by using the psbA-trnH sequence, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and product sequencing of the experimental samples were performed. In order to expand the scope of the study, the psbA-trnH sequences of 8 genera and 3 species were downloaded from GenBank for analysis. DNAMAN 8.0 software was used to show splicing and comparison results of the peak diagrams with analysis of them, and MEGA 6.0 software was to calculate K2P genetic distances and establish clustering tree adjacent genus. The results showed that by using the psbA-trnH sequence, Dryopteridis Crassirhizomatis Rhizoma, its original plant and other easy-confused medicinal materials and plants can be distinguished with each other obviously, with the psbA-trnH sequence of Dryopteridis Crassirhizomatis Rhizoma completely consistent with that of its original plant. Consequently, it is revealed that it's feasible to identify Dryopteridis Crassirhizomatis Rhizoma and its original plant, and separate from its adulterants by means of the psbA-trnH sequence, which can provide more scientific bases for the further study of the identification of the ferny medicinal herbs.

Objective To study the characteristics of upper airway airflow dynamics during inspiration after unilateral total maxillectomy by means of computer numerical simulation. Methods Based on postoperative CT images of three patients with unilateral maxillary tumor, three-dimensional upper airway structures of the patients were reconstructed, and the upper airway airflow was simulated numerically by computational fluid dynamics method. Results The upper airway airflow trends of the patients during inspiration after unilateral maxillectomy were obtained. Airflow in the defect nasal cavity was separated, and made the spacious vortices of low velocity occurred throughout the entire maxillary defect cavity. Conclusions The upper airway trends of the three patients were generally in conformity with each other after their unilateral total maxillectomy, which illustrated that the respiratory patterns of such patients were of universality. Unilateral total maxillectomy resulted in structure changes of patients’ upper airway, which could disturb the upper airway airflow patterns，and affect the physiological functions of patients’ upper airway. Numerical simulation of patients' upper airway airflow after unilateral total maxillectomy could help to explain the phenomena of nasal drying and crusting, secretion accumulation as well as other symptoms of the kind of patients.

The aim of this study was to explore the regulating effects of hyperoside (Hyp) on lipid metabolism in high-fat diet mice. The high-fat diet mouse model was established by high-fat diet induction. After 5 weeks of Hyp intragastric administration in high-fat diet mice, the serum lipid levels before and after Hyp administration were measured by the corresponding kits. The tissue structure of mouse liver was observed by HE staining before and after Hyp administration. The changes of intestinal flora and transcriptome were measured by Illumina platforms. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to determine non-targeted metabolites. The results showed that Hyp significantly reduced lipid levels in the high-fat diet mice and effectively restored the external morphology and internal structure of liver tissue. Hyp changed the species composition of the intestinal flora in high-fat diet mice, increased the abundance of beneficial flora such as Ruminococcus, and decreased the abundance of harmful flora such as Sutterella. Combined multi-omics analysis revealed that the effect of retinoic acid on lipid metabolism was significant in the high-fat diet mice treated with Hyp, while the increase of retinoic acid content was significantly negatively correlated with the expression of genes such as cyp1a2 and ugt1a6b, positively correlated with AF12 abundance, and significantly negatively correlated with unidentified_Desulfovibrionaceae abundance. These results suggest that Hyp may modulate the abundance of AF12, unidentified_Desulfovibrionaceae and inhibit the expression of genes such as cyp1a2 and ugt1a6b, thus increasing the content of retinoic acid and regulating lipid metabolism in the high-fat diet mice.
Animals ; Mice ; Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects* ; Lipid Metabolism ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2/pharmacology* ; Multiomics ; Liver ; Lipids/pharmacology* ; Tretinoin/pharmacology* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is prevalent in obesity and is associated with many metabolic abnormalities. The relationship between OSAS and bone metabolism is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the severity of OSAS and bone metabolic markers. Methods: A total of 119 obese males were enrolled in this study in spring months from 2015 to 2017. All candidates underwent polysomnography, and their bone mineral density (BMD) and the serum levels of total procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (t-P1NP), N-terminal midfragment of osteocalcin (N-MID), β-C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (β-CTX), vitamin D (VD), and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were measured. The analysis of variance and Pearson correlation analysis were performed for data analyses. Results: No significant differences in the mean values of BMD were observed among the obesity, mild-to-moderate OSAS, and severe OSAS groups; and the serum levels of t-P1NP and β-CTX in the severe OSAS group were significantly higher than those in the obesity group (48.42 ± 23.78 ng/ml vs. 31.98 ± 9.85 ng/ml, P < 0.001; 0.53 ± 0.24 ng/ml vs. 0.41 ± 0.13 ng/ml, P = 0.011, respectively). The serum level of VD in the obesity group was significantly higher than those in the mild-to-moderate and severe OSAS groups (both P < 0.001), and decreased as the severity of OSAS increased (P < 0.001). The serum level of PTH in the severe OSAS group was significantly higher than those in the obesity and mild-to-moderate OSAS groups (both P < 0.001). The results of correlation analysis indicated that the level of apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was correlated with the levels of t-P1NP (r = 0.396, P < 0.001), VD (r = -0.404, P < 0.001), and PTH (r = 0.400, P < 0.001), whereas the level of minimum Osaturation (SaOmin) was correlated with the levels of VD (r = 0.258, P = 0.016) and PTH (r = -0.376, P < 0.001). Conclusions The levels of bone resorption and formation markers in patients with severe OSAS were significantly increased compared to obese men, and the severity of OSAS was correlated with the serum levels of t-P1NP, VD, and PTH.
Biomarkers ; blood ; Bone Density ; Bone and Bones ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity ; complications ; Parathyroid Hormone ; Polysomnography ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; complications

The global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has brought great challenges to the traditional medical model. During the outbreak of COVID-19 in Shanghai, China, from March to May, 2022, there was a significant increase in the number of pediatric cases due to high transmissibility, immune escape, and vaccine breakthrough capacity of Omicron variants. The designated hospitals for children with COVID-19 served as a connecting link between children's specialized hospitals and mobile cabin hospitals. From April 7 to June 2, 2022, a total of 871 children with COVID-19 were admitted to Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (South Branch), a designated hospital for children with COVID-19. Among these patients, 568 (65.2%) were children under 3 years old, 870 (99.9%) were mild or moderate, and 1 was severe. This article reports the experience in the management of pediatric cases in this designated hospital, which included the following aspects: establishing an optimal case-admission process; strengthening multidisciplinary standardized diagnosis and treatment; optimizing the management, warning, and rescue system for severe COVID-19; implementing family-centered nursing care; formulating an individualized traditional Chinese medicine treatment regimen; optimizing the discharge process and strengthening bed turnover; implementing strict whole-process control to reduce the risk of nosocomial infection; constructing a structured medical record system and using information platforms to adapt to the work mode of large-volume cases; conducting scientific research and sharing the experience in diagnosis and treatment.
COVID-19 ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Hospitals, Pediatric ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2

Quorum sensing(QS) is one of the research hotspots in the fields of microbiology and medicine in recent years. Quorum sensing is a cell communication regulatory system, which is used by bacterial flora to pass on information of population density by sensing specific signaling molecules to the environment. The QS system of bacteria can impact biological functions, such as bacterial growth, proliferation, biofilm formation, virulence factor production, antibiotic synthesis, and ultimately adapt the bacteria to environmental changes. At present, more and more active ingredients can regulate quorum sensing have been found in traditional Chinese medicines(TCM). TCM and their active ingredients can promote the growth of beneficial bacteria, inhibit the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria and finally achieve the purpose of treating diseases. It embodies multi-pathway and multi-target characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine. This article first introduces molecular types and regulation mechanisms of quorum sensing signals between bacteria. On this basis, the human health-related bacterial quorum sensing is summarized, and the regulatory effect of TCM on bacterial quorum sensing system is discussed. Finally, it is noted that the material basis and mechanisms of TCM in improving human health through bacterial quorum sensing system are still unclear. Future research hotspots will focus on quorum sensing active substances, quorum sensing key nodes and relevant targets. In a word, this article provides reference for the treatment of relevant diseases.
Bacteria/drug effects* ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Quorum Sensing

Ziziphi Spinosae Semen is one of the Chinese herbal medicine being susceptible to aflatoxins contamination. To investigate the sources of aflatoxins contamination and toxigenic fungi species on Ziziphi Spinosae Semen,32 samples were collected from multiple steps during the post-harvest processing in this study. Aflatoxins in these samples were determined by immunoaffinity column and HPLC coupled with post-column photochemical derivatization. The dilution-plate method was applied to the fungi isolation. The isolated fungi strains were identified by morphological characterization and molecular approaches. The results showed that aflatoxins were detected in 28 samples from every step during the processing of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen. Three samples were detected with aflatoxin B_1 and 2 samples with both aflatoxin B_1 and total aflatoxin exceeding the limit of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Especially the samples from the washing step,with the highest detected amounts of AFB_1 and AFs were reached 94. 79,121. 43 μg·kg~(-1),respectively. All 32 samples were contaminated by fungi. The fungal counts on the newly harvested samples were 2. 20 × 10~2 CFU·g~(-1). Moreover,it increased as tphreocessing progresses,and achieved 1. 16×10~6 CFU·g~(-1) after washing. A total of 321 isolates were identified to 17 genera. Aspergillus flavus was the main source of aflatoxins during the processing and storage of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen. One isolate of A. flavus was confirmed producing AFB_1 and AFB_2. The fungal count was significantly increased by composting,and Aspergillus was the predominant genus after shell breaking. The contamination level of aflatoxins was increased by composting and washing.
Aflatoxins ; analysis ; Aspergillus ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Fungi ; isolation & purification ; Seeds ; chemistry ; microbiology ; Ziziphus ; chemistry