Objective To explore the relation ship between expression of survivin gene in leukemia cells and its clinical effects, and to study the mechanism of survivin resist-apoptosis function in leukemia.Methods Survivin expression was detected by Western blots analysis and expressions of Fas and Caspase were examined by immunohistochemistry in 18 leukemia patients.Results Thirteen cases in peripheral blood mononuclear cell survivin positive expression was detected in 18 leukemia patients(72.2%), but no survivin expression in 10 normal persons. There were significant difference of survivin expression in ALL/ANLL patients groups and different WBC groups(P

With the constant rise of energy price,it has a great practical meaning of using lignocellulose to produce ethanol.Xylose is a kind of monosaccharide whose content is only less than glucose in most lignocellulosic hydrolysates.There is some difficulty of producing ethanol from lignocellulose by the traditional ethanol production strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae,because it cannot metabolize xylose.People have tried to use genetic engineering technology and cell fusion method to modify Saccharomyces cerevisiae to make it metabolize xylose and produce ethanol for many years.This review indroduced the progress in this field.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the factors influencing the effects of disinfection of HBV on dental hand piece. METHODS After polluted with HBV positive serum,the dental hand piece was disinfected with sterilizer at the condition of 134℃ for 5 minutes according different treatment procedures.The samples were then taken and detected HBsAg by the automatic enzyme immune analyzer using the third generation EIA agent.The efficacy of disinfection of HBV was presented by the reaction of HBsAg detection. RESULTS If the dental hand piece was sterilized directly not cleansed using clean water after pollution and dried in room temperature,there were 96.87% of the samples being HBsAg positive,and the polluted but dried hand piece,even cleansed there were 87.5% of positive result, even if prolonged the time of sterilization and the frequencies of vacuumization,the HBsAg positive rate of the sample was still up to 56.25%.But if the hand piece was irrigated and cleansed immediately after pollution and sterilized,all samples were HBsAg negative. CONCLUSIONS Whether or not cleansed immediately is the most important factor influencing the efficacy of hand piece sterilization after pollution.

Objective: To compare the inhibitory effect of carmustine(BCNU) and bleomycin on craniopharyngiomas in vitro. Methods: Cells were successfully cultured in vitro from the fresh specimens, then the culture medium with bleomycin or BCNU at different concentration was added. The tumor inhibitory curve-line was drawn based on the cell number at different time points. After cultured for 144 h, ATP-luminescence assay was applied to test the antitumor effect. Results: The cell number decreased rapidly when the medium was added. The decreasing speed was faster in BCNU medium than that in bleomycin medium at the same concentration. The bleomycin medium showed no significant inhibitory effect except for the one at 1.00 g/L. However, regardless of the concentration, BCNU medium inhibited the cells effectively. Conclusion: BCNU has stronger inhibitory effect on craniopharyngiomas cells than bleomycin, it can be used to treat this tumor

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of an 8% arginine-CaCO3 containing desensitizing polishing paste on bonding strength of two self-etching adhesives to dentin.

METHODSThirty-six intact human premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons were collected within 1 month after extraction and randomly assigned into three groups using a table of random numbers (n = 12): specimens without any treatment served as control. In the polishing powder group specimens were polished with a slurry of pumice, and in the desensitizing polishing paste group dentin surfaces of the sample teeth were treated with 8% arginine-CaCO3 containing desensitizing polishing paste. Then each group was divided into two sub-groups using a table of random numbers in order to evaluate the bonding strength of two self-etching adhesive agents (G-Bond, GC; Fl-Bond II, Shofu). Microtensile bond strength test was conducted immediately and after 5000 thermocycling (n = 15). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to evaluate the occluding effect of the desensitizing polishing paste.

RESULTSIn the pre-thermocycling stage, there were no significant differences in Fl-Bond II bonding strength among the three groups [control: (30.34 ± 5.42) MPa, polishing powder group: (29.72 ± 5.16) MPa, desensitizing polishing paste group: (31.53 ± 4.86) MPa] (P > 0.05). However there were significant differences among the three groups in G-Bond bonding strength [control: (38.19 ± 4.42) MPa, polishing powder group: (36.47 ± 4.72) MPa, desensitizing polishing paste group: (46.88 ± 7.83) MPa] (P < 0.05). After thermocycling process, there were no significant differences in bonding strength among the three groups in both G-Bond groups and Fl-Bond II groups. SEM observation showed that the desensitizing polishing paste could occlude open dentinal tubules effectively, and the application of self-etching adhesives could re-open the dentinal tubular orifices. An even layer can be seen on the dentin surface treated with self-etching adhesive containing functional monomers.

CONCLUSIONSThe 8% arginine-CaCO3 containing desensitizing polishing paste could effectively occlude dentinal tubules, thus may have potential benefits in preventing post-operative sensitivity. Additionally, it had no adverse effect on bonding strength of self-etching adhesives to dentin.

Acid Etching, Dental ; Dentin Desensitizing Agents ; Dentin-Bonding Agents ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Random Allocation ; Tensile Strength

OBJECTIVE Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant primary tumor of the central nervous system and is associated with a very poor prognosis. No further improvements in outcomes have been reported since radiotherapy-temozolomide therapy was introduced.Therefore,de-veloping new agents to treat GBM is important. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-tumor effect of evodiamine (Evo) on GBM cells, and to determine the underlying mechanisms involved. METHODS U251,LN229,HEB and PC12 cells were treated with various concentrations of evodiamine for 24 and 48 hours,cell viability was measured by MTT assay.The U251 and LN229 cells were treated with evo-diamine(0-10 μmol·L-1)for 24 h,and then stained with Hoechst 33258.An Annexin V-FITC Apoptosis Detection Kit was used to detect apoptosis in the cells.Reactive oxygen species(ROS)production was detected using dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) staining. The changes in mitochondrial mem-brane potential (MMP) were assessed by JC-1 after cells were treated with evodiamine. The expres-sion levels of p-PI3K,PI3K,p-Akt,Akt,Bax,Bcl-2,p-p38,p38,p-JNK,JNK,p-ERK,ERK,Cytochrome c, Caspase-3, cleaved Caspase-3, PRAP, and cleaved PARP were measured by Western blot analy-ses. RESULTS According to MTT assay results, Evo significantly inhibited the cell proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry analyses revealed that Evo induced cell apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner.Moreover,Evo induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) disruption. Finally, Evo induced apoptosis in cancer cells by suppressing PI3K/AKT signaling and inducing MAPK phos-phorylation(p38 and JNK,but not ERK)to regulate apoptotic proteins(Bax,Bcl-2,Cytochrome c,Cas-pase-3, and PARP). CONCLUSION In summary, Evo inhibits cell proliferation by inducing cellular apoptosis via suppressing PI3K/AKT and activating MAPK in GBM;these results indicate that Evo may be regarded as a new approach for GBM treatment.

OBJECTIVETo explore the epidemiological characteristics of viral diarrhea of norovirus (NV), sapovirus (SV) and astrovirus (AstV) among children in Zhuhai during winter and spring.

METHODSStool specimens were collected from children with viral diarrhea in Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Zhuhai from November 21, 2009 to April 3, 2010. Nucleic acid of NV, SV and AstV from negative specimens of rotavirus and adenovirus were detected by using Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the types of positive samples of NV were also classified at the same time.

RESULTSThe total detection rate of the three viruses is 21.49 percent, the highest detection rate is 29.05% in December 2009, the lowest detection rate is 12.20% in February 2010, 87.96% of positive specimens were from children patients aged from 0 to 30 months. The season detection rate of NV, SV and AstV are 14.70%, 2.75% and 4.04% respectively. There were significant differences of NV and SV detection rates in every month of the season, whereas the AstV detection rate was comparatively stable. The highest detection rate of NV is 34.09% in children patients aged from 12 to 18 months, the highest SV detection rate is 12.5% in children patients aged from 60 to 120 months, and the highest AstV detection rate is 16.67% in children patients aged from 24 to 30 months. All the NV were belong to G II genogroup.

CONCLUSIONSNV is one of the main pathogens causing viral diarrhea among children in Zhuhai during winter and spring, SV and AstV are also important pathogens. So we should strengthen the monitoring of viral diarrhea caused by NV, SV and AstV in infants and young children.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diarrhea ; virology ; Feces ; virology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Mamastrovirus ; isolation & purification ; Norovirus ; isolation & purification ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sapovirus ; isolation & purification ; Seasons

BACKGROUNDTourniquets used during total knee arthroplasty may lead to many complications. The aim of this study was to determine perioperative blood loss and its clinical relevance in total knee replacement surgery after applying a tourniquet.

METHODSFrom June 2009 to October 2009, 60 consecutive patients who underwent routine total knee arthroplasty were randomly divided into two groups and were treated with or without a tourniquet (30 patients/group). There were no significant differences in patient baseline characteristics between the two groups. We compared the two groups of patients in terms of intra- and postoperative bleeding, invisible or visible bleeding, and total blood loss.

RESULTSNone of the patients showed poor wound healing, lower extremity deep venous thrombosis or other complications. The amount of blood loss during surgery was lower in the tourniquet group than in the control group (P < 0.01). However, postoperative visible bleeding (P < 0.05) and occult bleeding (P < 0.05) were significantly greater in the tourniquet group than in the control group. There was no significant difference in the total amount of blood loss between the two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSTourniquet can reduce bleeding during total knee replacement surgery, but is associated with greater visible and invisible blood loss.

Aged ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; methods ; Blood Loss, Surgical ; prevention & control ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; Tourniquets

Objective:To observe the effect of warm-unblocking acupuncture plus fluticasone propionate nasal spray on the pulmonary ventilation, level of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and sleep quality in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). Methods: A total of 112 AR patients were enrolled between January 2013 and August 2018 and were divided into an observation group and a control group by the random number table method, with 56 cases in each group. Patients in the observation group received warm-unblocking acupuncture plus fluticasone propionate nasal spray, and patients in the control group only received fluticasone propionate nasal spray. The nasal symptom score, pulmonary function indexes, the levels of IFN-γ and interleukin (IL)-4 in serum, and sleep quality in the two groups were compared. Results: After treatment, the total effective rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P＜0.05). The nasal symptom score dropped in both groups after treatment (both P＜0.05), and the score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05). The pulmonary ventilation indexes all increased significantly after treatment in the observation group (all P＜0.05); the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) to forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio (FEV1/FVC) and the forced expiratory flow at 50%, 75% and 25%-75% of the vital capacity (FEF50%, FEF75%, FEF25%-75%) increased after treatment in the control group (all P＜0.05); the pulmonary ventilation indexes were higher in the observation group than those in the control group (all P＜0.05). The level of IFN-γ increased significantly after treatment in the two groups (both P＜0.05) and the level of IL-4 dropped significantly (both P＜0.05); the observation group had a higher IFN-γ level (P＜0.05) and a lower IL-4 level (P＜0.05) compared with the control group. Regarding the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), the scores of subjective sleep quality, habitual sleep efficiency and sleep disturbances and the general PSQI score decreased significantly after treatment in both groups (all P＜0.05), and the scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (all P＜0.05). Conclusion: Warm-unblocking acupuncture plus fluticasone propionate nasal spray can effectively control the clinical symptoms and improve pulmonary function in the treatment of AR; this approach can regulate the levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 towards the normal range in AR patients; it can also improve patient’s sleep quality. This method can produce more significant efficacy than fluticasone propionate nasal spray used alone.

Objective: To observe the effects of moxibustion at Shenshu (BL 23), Zusanli (ST 36) and Shenque (CV 8) on the energy metabolism and endocrine metabolism indicators of rats undergoing one-time exhaustive swimming, and to explore the differences between moxibustion at different points in the effects on anti-exercise fatigue. Methods: Forty-eight male SPF rats were randomly divided into a blank group, a model group, a non-meridian and non-acupoint group, a Shenshu (BL 23) group, a Zusanli (ST 36) group, and a Shenque (CV 8) group using random number table method, with eight rats in each group. Except for the blank group, rats in the other groups were subjected to replicating the one-time exhaustive model using the weight-bearing swimming experiment. Except for the model group, the other model rats received mild moxibustion immediately after swimming. Rats in the non-meridian and non-acupoint group received mild moxibustion at bilateral subcostal non-meridian and non-acupoint points, those in the Shenshu (BL 23) group received mild moxibustion at bilateral Shenshu (BL 23), those in the Zusanli (ST 36) group received mild moxibustion at bilateral Zusanli (ST 36), and those in the Shenque (CV 8) group received mild moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) for 15 min. Four hours after the exhaustive swimming, femoral artery blood was collected to detect blood lactate (BLA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), creatinine (CRE), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), cortisol (C) and testosterone (T) levels, and calculate the T/C ratio. Results: Compared with the blank group, rat's serum levels of BLA, LDH, CK, BUN and C in the model group and the non-meridian and non-acupoint group were increased, and serum levels of CRE and T, and T/C ratios were decreased (P<0.01 or P<0.05); compared with the model group and the non-meridian and non-acupoint group, the serum levels of BLA, LDH, CK, BUN and C in the Shenshu (BL 23) group, Zusanli (ST 36) group and Shenque (CV 8) group were decreased, and the serum CRE and T levels, and the T/C ratios were increased (all P<0.01); compared with the Shenshu (BL 23) group, the serum CK level was decreased in the Shenque (CV 8) group (P<0.01), the serum levels of T and C were decreased in the Zusanli (ST 36) group and Shenque (CV 8) group (P<0.01 or P<0.05), and the T/C ratio was increased in the Shenque (CV 8) group (P<0.01); compared with the Zusanli (ST 36) group, the serum CK and BUN levels were decreased (P<0.01, P<0.05), and the T/C ratio was increased in the Shenque (CV 8) group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Moxibustion at Shenshu (BL 23), Zusanli (ST 36) and Shenque (CV 8) shows different anti-fatigue effects by regulating the energy metabolism and endocrine metabolism in rats undergoing one-time exhaustive swimming. Moxibustion at Shenshu (BL 23) is better in promoting energy synthesis. Moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) is more effective in regulating synthesis and decomposition of the skeletal muscle proteins.