Child ; Female ; Gastroscopy ; Humans ; Pylorus ; abnormalities

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Cardia ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Chromogranin A ; metabolism ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; metabolism ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Survival Rate

Accidents, Occupational ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Ammonia ; poisoning ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Young Adult

BACKGROUNDThe accuracy of microelectrode-guided localization can make the operation safe and effective, but only experienced neurosurgeons are capable of performing this operation. A good index to identify neuronal discharges between globus pallidus interna and globus pallidus externa is needed. The aim of this research was to establish a good and practical electrophysiologic index to distinguish neuronal discharge in the interior globus pallidus from neuronal discharge in the exterior globus pallidus region of the brain in Parkinson's disease. The effect of neurons having an atypical discharge on successful surgical localization was also quantitatively evaluated.

METHODSThe study included 30 patients with primary Parkinson's disease who underwent pallidotomy between September 2000 and October 2002. During each pallidotomy, the neuronal discharges in the pallidum and its vicinity were recorded. The recorded spikes were used to calculate the frequency, burst index, pause index, and pause ratio of the single-unit discharge. The interior and exterior globus pallidus regions were compared in terms of frequency, burst index, pause index, and pause ratio. The sensitivity, specificity, false-negative ratio, false-positive ratio, and accuracy of those indices were then evaluated.

RESULTSThe values of frequency, burst index, pause index, and pause ratio in the interior globus pallidus were (96 +/- 43) Hz, 2.31 +/- 1.81, 0.05 +/- 0.05, and 0.27 +/- 0.28, respectively, and in the exterior globus pallidus were (59 +/- 27) Hz, 0.88 +/- 0.63, 0.20 +/- 0.14, and 1.54 +/- 1.17, respectively. Use of the four indices to distinguish the two neuron types produced a sensitivity of 0.84, 0.78, 0.77, and 0.93 with a specificity of 0.64, 0.79, 0.88, and 0.87, respectively. The false-positive ratio was 0.36, 0.21, 0.12, and 0.13 and the false-negative ratio was 0.16, 0.22, 0.23, and 0.07 while the accuracy was 0.72, 0.79, 0.80, and 0.90, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSPause ratio is a relatively reliable index to distinguish neuronal discharges between the interior and exterior globus pallidus regions in Parkinson's disease. The effect of neurons with atypical discharge on the successful surgical localization would be reduced to 10% when the pause ratio is used as the index.

Adult ; Electrophysiology ; Female ; Globus Pallidus ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Microelectrodes ; Middle Aged ; Pallidotomy ; methods ; Parkinson Disease ; metabolism ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo study the regulatory effect of Qinghuo Baidu Yin (QHBDY, a mixture prepared with Chinese drugs) on immune function of patients with extremely severe burn (ESB).

METHODSThirty patients with ESB were divided into two groups, conventional therapy was given to both groups, but QHBDY was given to the treated group additionally. Immunological indices, including peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subsets, immunoglobin (IgG, IgA and IgM) and complement (C3 and C4) were determined 3 weeks after treatment to evaluate and compare the therapeutical effect in the two groups.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, CD3, CD4, CD4/CD8, immunoglobin (IgG, IgA and IgM) and complement (C3 and C4) levels were markedly decreased in degree, and recovered earlier and quicker, with CD8 increased mildly (P < 0.01) and turned back more quickly. And so did the parameters of the treated group in comparing with that of the control group at anytime (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONChinese drugs mixture shows the regulatory effect on both cellular and humoral immune function in patients with ESB.

Adjuvants, Immunologic ; therapeutic use ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Burns ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Complement C3 ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy

OBJECTIVETo investigate the method for treatment of thumb tip defect.

METHODSThe thumb tip defect was treated with thumb island flaps at ulnar side by V-Y advancement. The flap size ranged from 1.4 cm x 2.0 cm approximately 1.4 cmx 2.5 cm. The wounds at donor sites were covered by skin grafts.

RESULTSFrom March 2007 to October 2009, 10 cases of thumb tip defects were treated. All the flaps and skin grafts were survived with primary healing. The patients were followed up for 6-18 months with both satisfactory functional and cosmetic results. The two-point discrimination was 5-6 mm at the thumb tip.

CONCLUSIONSThe thumb tip defect can be successfully repaired with thumb island flaps at ulnar side by V-Y advancement.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Skin Transplantation ; Surgical Flaps ; Thumb ; injuries ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the therapeutic effect of V-Y flap pedicled with superior malleolus cutaneous branch for small skin defect at the dorsal side of foot.

METHODSFrom Aug. 2008 to Aug. 2010, 9 cases with skin defects at the dorsal side of feet were treated by V-Y flaps pedicled with superior malleolus cutaneous branch. The flap size ranged from 6.0 cm x 5.5 cm to 12.0 cm x 6.5 cm. The defects at the donor sites were closed directly.

RESULTSAll flaps survived completely. 9 cases were followed up for 6-12 months after operation. The flaps had good texture and color match. The 2-point discrimination distance at the flap was 10-14 mm. The function of ankle was normal.

CONCLUSIONSThe V-Y flap pedicled with superior malleolus cutaneous branch is ideal for the treatment of small skin defect at the dorsal side of foot.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Ankle ; blood supply ; Female ; Foot Injuries ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Skin Transplantation ; methods ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; surgery ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the repair of soft tissue defect at finger tip with square island flap pedicled with skin perforator of digital artery on the distal interphalangeal joint (DIP).

METHODSFrom Jun. 2009 to Mar. 2010, 15 cases with soft tissue defects at 15 fingers tip were treated with this island flaps. The flap size ranged from 1.2 cm x 0.8 cm to 2. 0 cm x 3.0 cm. The defects at donor sites were covered with skin grafts from forearm.

RESULTSAll the flaps and skin grafts survived. 10 fingers in 10 cases were followed up for 6-12 months. The color, texture and contour of the flaps were good. The two-point discrimination distance was 5-6 mm on the directed island flaps, and 7-10 mm on the reverse island flaps. No obvious functional problem was found in DIP motion. The hand function was assessed as excellent in 8 fingers, good in 1 finger and medium in 1 finger.

CONCLUSIONSThe main artery and nerve will not be sacrificed when the island flap is used. The operative procedures are easily performed for the treatment of fingertip skin defect.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Finger Injuries ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; surgery ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Acute traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) represents one of the most devastating injuries that afflict the human body. Ascorbic acid ( AA) plays an important role in mammalian central nervous system, especially in SCI. In this study, the change of AA concentration after SCI was investigated by using an on-line electrochemical method integrated with in vivo microdialysis. A microdialysis probe (2 mm in length) was implanted into the spinal cord of an anesthetized rat (Thoracic-10). Microdialysis perfusate (2 μL/ min) was collected in the sample loop of an on-line injector for direct injection onto a glassy carbon electrode which was modified with the heat-treated single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). Normal ascorbic acid concentration in the extracellular fluids of spinal cords was (26. 17 ± 1. 25) μmol/ L (n =8). The experimental spinal cord injury, induced by a lesion at T-10, significantly increased the extracellular ascorbic acid levels to (53. 24± 1. 95) μmol/ L (n =8). This study provides the experimental evidence on the essential roles of ascorbic acid in spinal cord injuries.

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection with the development and relapse of Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) with gastrointestinal involvement in children.

METHODSThirty-six HSP children with gastrointestinal manifestations and 16 of 32 HSP children without gastrointestinal involvement underwent gastroscopy and rapid urease test for H. pylori detection. Thirty healthy children served as the control group. All of the patients received 14C urea breath test and serum H. pylori antibody detections. H. pylori infection was definited when two of detection approaches demonstrated positive.

RESULTSTwenty-one of 36 HSP patients with gastrointestinal manifestations were confirmed with H. pylori infection (58.3%). Of them, the relapsed patients had an H. pylori positive rate of 81.3% (13/16), which was significantly higher than that of the newly diagnosed patients (45.0%, 9/20) (chi(2)=4.49, P < 0.05). Nine of 32 HSP patients without gastrointestinal manifestations were confirmed with H. pylori infection (28.1%); 2 of 30 healthy children showed H. pylori positive (6.7%, 2/30). There was a significant difference in the H. pylori positive rate among the three groups (chi(2)=14.7, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSH.pylori infection may be associated with the development and relapse of HSP with gastrointestinal involvement in children.

Adolescent ; Child ; Female ; Gastric Mucosa ; pathology ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; etiology ; Helicobacter Infections ; complications ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Male ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch ; etiology ; pathology