Objective:To establish a method for the determination of sodion in cefalotin sodium by ion chromatography and investi-gate the salt-forming rate of the products. Methods: A TSKgelSuper IC-CR cation exchange column (150 mm × 4. 6 mm, 3. 0 μm) was used. The mobile phase was the mixture of 2. 2 mmol·L-1 methanesulfonic acid and 1 mmol·L-1 18-crown-6-ether with the flow rate of 0. 8 ml·min-1 . The column temperature was 40℃ and the injection volume was 20μl. The detector was an electric conductiv-ity detector. Results:The linear correlation of sodion was good within the range of 3. 0-60. 0μg·ml-1(r=0. 999 9). The average re-covery was 99. 8%(RSD=0. 8%, n=9). The mole number ratio of sodion to cefalotin was within the range of 0. 97-1. 03. Conclu-sion:The method is specific, precise and accurate, and can be used in the determination of sodion in cefalotin sodium. The salt-form-ing rate of the 8 batches of samples is promising.

Objective:To establish an HPLC coupled with post column derivatization method for the determination of gentamicin C components and the related substances based on the latest European Pharmacopeia and compare with the electrochemical method. Methods:A Hydrophilic C18(250 mm ×4.6 mm, 5 μm)column was used with acetonitrile-50 mmol·L-1 sodium hydroxide solution ( pH 2. 6) containing 0. 7% trifluoroacetic acid and 0. 025% pentafluoropropanoic acid (1. 5∶98. 5) as the mobile phase. The temper-ature of post-column reaction was set at 30℃, and the samples were detected by a fluorescence detector withλex of 340nm andλem of 430nm. A pulsed amperometric detector (PAD) was applied in the electrochemical method with golden working electrode in a four-po-tential working mode. Results: According to the results of the two detection methods, the linear range of C1a , C2 , C2a and C1 was 5.82-233.00,6.92-277.00,4.00-160.00and6.23-249.00 μg·ml-1(r >0.9993) , respectively. The limit of detection and quantization were 0. 92-3. 28ng and 1. 37-5. 19ng, respectively. Conclusion:There is no significant difference between the determina-tion results of the two methods.

Objective To investigate the impact of aging and vascular endothelial function on arterial stiff- ness in patients with isolated systolic hypertension.Methods Patients with isolated systolic hypertension (ISH,n=75)age-matched healthy subjects(n=30)and young healthy subjects(n=50)were submitted to deter- mination of aortic pulse wave velocity(baPWV)and vascular endothelial function evaluated by flow-mediated dila- tion(FMD).Results baPWV was progresively decreased(ISH:2459.2?436.8 vs elderly healthy:2097.2? 315.7 vs young healthy:1619.7?214.2 cm/s,P

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE)combined with sonographically guided percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy(PMCT)for hepatic carcinoma with diameter＞5.0 cm.Methods We retrospectively reviewed 68 cases of hepatic carcinoma with diameter＞5.0 cm under treatment of TACE combined with PMCT.CT,USG and correlated laboratory tests of hepatic carcinoma were carried out.Results Among 68 cases,complete ablation were 5 cases(5/68),tumor ablation area more than 50% or tumor shrinkage less than 30% were 59 cases(59/ 68),tumor ablation area less than 50% or tumor shrinkage more than 30% were 6 cases(6/68).Forty five cases with high AFP descended more than 50% after the procedure in 42 eases(93.33%).Thirty seven cases and 29 cases with increase of CEA and CA19-9 decreased to 28(75.97%)and 23(93.10%)cases with corresponding index decreasing more than 50% respectively.Survival time reached 4-6 months in 3 cases, more than 6 months for 31 cases,more than 12 months of 34 cases.Two cases among them showed no recurrence up to now after stoppage of treatment for 24 months and finally no correlative mortality occurred. Conclusion TACE combined with sonographically guided PMCT for hepatic carcinoma with diameter more than 5 cm is safe and effective.

Objective This study is aimed to evaluate the association between the ABCG2 gene rs2231142 variant and gout using meta-analysis. Methods Related studies were identified by searching extensively in Chinese and foreign language databases such as Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CBMdisc databases and so on. The quality of included studies was assessed by using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). The odds ratio (OR) was calculated using a random-effects or fixed-effects model. A Q statistic was used to evaluate the heterogeneity, and Eggerˊs test and funnel plot were used to assess publication bias. Sub-group analyses on ethnicities and sex were also performed. Results A total of 10 studies, including 3 478 gout patients and 10,089 controls from 6 countries or regions, were included and identified for the current metaan-alysis. It was found that the A allele or AA genotype of the ABCG2 rs2231142 polymorphism had an increased risk for gout in the general population [A allele: OR=2.03, 95%CI (1.77, 2.34), P<0.01 and AA genotype: OR=3.01, 95%CI (2.34, 3.88), P<0.01, respectively]. Similar results were found in sub-group analyses of different gender and races. Conclusion Existing evidence indicate that rs2231142 polymorphism (the A allele and AA genotype) is associated with increased risk of gout.

Objective To investigate the clinical states of enuresis children companied with spina bifida occulta(SBO)and study the efficient way of treatment.Methods The children with SBO were check out by X ray from a total of 121 children with bedwetting.Their parents were asked to complete the enuresis questionnaires.Urine routine test and B-ultrasound examination about kidney,bladder and ureter were also asked to be done.The clinic data of the 49 children were attained and analyzed.They were randomly divided into 2 groups,and given the controlled treatment.Group A[used 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vas-opressin(DDAVP)only] and group B(used DDAVP plus oxybutynin plus bladder training)treated for 12 weeks.Results There were totally 49 bedwetting children companied with SBO,and most of them(44 cases,89.8%)were severe type(bedwetting times≥7 times/week).Some of them coexisted with frequency,urgency,gentle urgency incontinence and microscopic hematuria(22 cases).Thirty cases were found the functional bladder capacity(FBC)decrease by B-ultrasound.The cure rates were 58.3%(group A)and 88.0%(group B)respectively.The relapse rates were 36.8%(group A)and 12.5%(group B)respectively after stopping treatment for 3 months.Conclusions SBO accounts for considerably higher rate in enuretic children.It might cause the disability of bladder function.The treatment plan with DDAVP plus oxybutynin plus bladder training can not only increase the cure rate but also lower the relapse rate.

OBJECTIVETo study the association of functional bladder capacity with the severity of bedwetting in children with nocturnal enuresis.

METHODSA questionnaire investigation was performed in 1 500 children with nocturnal enuresis and the functional bladder capacity was examined by B-ultrasound.

RESULTSThe ratio of males to females was 1.3:1. The majority of patients (87%) were in an age range of 5-10 years, followed by the 10-14 years group (12%), and the 15-18 years group (1%). Six hundred and thirty-seven patients (42.4%) showed a decreased functional bladder capacity (less than 50% of normal level). The patients were classified into four groups according to the severity of bedwetting (from severe to mild): > or =2 times per night (n=53, 3.5%), > or =7 times per week (n=969, 64.6%), 3-6 times per week (n=380, 25.3%) and 1-2 times per week (n=98, 6.5%). The incidence of the reduction in functional bladder capacity in the above four groups was 79.2%, 48.3%, 29.7% and 14.3% respectively and a significant difference was noted among the four groups.

CONCLUSIONSMost of children with nocturnal enuresis showed decreased functional bladder capacity. Functional bladder capacity is associated with the severity of bedwetting in children with nocturnal enuresis.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nocturnal Enuresis ; physiopathology ; Urinary Bladder ; physiopathology

Background It is well known that the diminution of visual acuity appears before notable complications in some high myopic eyes.However,whether the impaired vision is associated with the change of retinal thickness at macula area is still under investigation.Objective This study was to investigate the relationship of macular retinal thickness with the change of visual acuity in high myopic eyes.Methods A consecutive caseobservational study was performed.Two hundred and forty-five eyes of 132 patients with the diopter of-6.00～-20.00 D were enrolled in this study during the January 2011 to January 2012 in Beijing Tongren Eye Center.All of the patients received the measurement of retinal thickness with Fourier Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (FDOCT),and the scan mode was MM6.The eyes were divided into the corrected vision ≥0.9 group and the corrected vision ≤0.8 group.In addition,the eyes were assigned to the non-posterior staphyloma group,posterior staphyloma Ⅰ group (macular symmetry) and posterior staphyloma Ⅱ group (macular gradient).The retinal thicknesses in different quadrants at the macular zone were measured and calculated by OCT software.Results The demography was matched in different groups.Corrected visual acuity was significantly increased in the corrected vision ≥ 0.9 group than that in the corrected vision ≤0.8 group (1.02±0.16 vs.0.62±0.08) (t=3.233,P=0.001).Retinal thickness value at fovea was (256.28±13.19) μm in the corrected vision ≥0.9 group,and that in the corrected vision ≤0.8 group was (231.17 ± 10.96) μm,with a significant difference between the two groups (t =2.134,P =0.031).The corrected visual acuity was 1.00±0.27,0.78±0.21 and 0.90±0.13 in the non-posterior staphyloma group,posterior staphyloma Ⅰ group and posterior staphyloma Ⅱ group,respectively,showing significant difference among the three groups (F=15.760,P=0.015),and the corrected visual acuity of the non-posterior staphyloma group and posterior staphyloma Ⅱ group were significantly higher than that of posterior staphyloma Ⅰ group (q =16.131,P =0.006 ; q =-10.831,P=0.008).A significant difference also was seen in the mean retinal thickness among the three groups (F=2.316,P =0.025).The mean retinal thickness in the posterior staphyloma Ⅰ group was (234.21 ± 15.69) μm,which was significantly smaller than (252.25± 15.31) μm of the posterior staphyloma Ⅱ group (q =12.977,P =0.023).There were no significant difference in the retinal thickness at para-fovea area among the three groups (F=0.318,P =0.078).However,significant difference was found at peri-fovea area in different groups (F=1.925,P =0.013).The mean retinal thicknesses at peri-fovea area was (273.26 ± 16.37) μm in the posterior staphyloma Ⅱ group and was significantly smaller than (289.11 ± 19.30) μm of the posterior staphyloma Ⅰ group and (290.33 ± 17.12) μm of the non-posterior staphyloma group (q =-8.305,P =0.023 ; q =-7.011,P =0.012).Conclusions The retinal thickness at fovea is associated with the corrected visual acuity in high myopic eyes.The thinning of retinal thickness at the vertex of posterior staphyloma is one of causes of visual function impairment.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the correlation between blood eosinophil (EOS)level and steroid doses in patients of bullous pemphigoid (BP).

METHODSA total of 82 untreated BP inpatients (n=49) and outpatients (n=33) were enrolled in this study. The blood EOS level and the steroid doses before and after treatment were recorded. The correlation between EOS level and steroid doses was analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSEOS increased in 69 BP patients (84.15%); on the contrary, only 10% of normal controls had increased EOS (t=1.99,P<0.001). In 44 inpatients, the blood EOS remained high before steroid treatment, and quickly returned to normal level after the disease became stable. There was a linear correlation between EOS and steroid doses (Spearman analysis,r=0.496,P<0.001). In 5 patients who were treated by non-steroid approach, EOS level also declined after the disease was resolved.

CONCLUSIONEOS can be one of useful indicators for the application of steroids in the treatment of BP.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Eosinophils ; Female ; Humans ; Leukocyte Count ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pemphigoid, Bullous ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Retrospective Studies ; Steroids ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use

The mutations in the dual oxidase 2 (DUOX2) and dual oxidase maturation factor 2 (DUOXA2) genes can cause congenital hypothyroidism (CH). This study reports the pedigree with goitrous congenital hypothyroidism (GCH) due to the coexistence of heterozygous mutations in the DUOX2 and DUOXA2 genes. The two sisters with GCH were diagnosed with CH at neonatal screening and were enrolled in this study. The DUOX2, DUOXA2, and thyroid peroxidase (TPO) genes were considered for genetic defects screening. Family members of the patients and normal controls were also enrolled and evaluated. The two girls harbored compound heterozygous mutations, including a new mutation of c.2654G>T (p.R885L) in the maternal DUOX2 allele and c.738C>G (p.Y246X) in the paternal DUOXA2 allele, that has been previously reported. The germline mutations from the families were consistent with an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. No mutations in the TPO gene and the controls were observed.
Alleles ; Congenital Hypothyroidism* ; Female ; Germ-Line Mutation ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Inheritance Patterns ; Iodide Peroxidase ; Mass Screening ; Neonatal Screening ; Oxidoreductases ; Pedigree ; Siblings