Animals ; Dementia, Vascular ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Hippocampus ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Learning ; drug effects ; Male ; Memory ; drug effects ; Nootropic Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Pyrrolidinones ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Abstract?AIM:To evaluate the pupil light reflex in patients with primary open angle glaucoma, and to investigate the relation between pupil and visual field defect.?METHODS:From July 2014 to October 2015, 115 eyes in 86 patients with primary open angle glaucoma and 23 eyes in 16 healthy individuals were continuously enrolled in this study.All the subjects received comprehensive eye examination, visual field examination ( Humphrey, SITA Standard 24-2 ) and dynamic pupil measurement ( MonCV3 Metrovision) .According to the visual field and the Glaucoma Staging System, the patients with glaucoma were divided into 5 subgroups: stage 1, stage 2, stage 3, stage 4 and stage 5. The parameters of pupillary light reflex were as follows: pupil diameter ( minimum, maximum ) , latency and duration of contraction, latency and duration of dilatation, contraction amplitude, contraction and dilatation speed, and percent of pupil contraction ( PPC ). SPSS 19.0 statistical software was used to analyze the measurement results.?RESULTS:The control group significantly differed from the stage 4 subgroup ( P=0.032 ) and stage 5 subgroup (P=0.014) in terms of minimum pupil diameter; there was significant difference in the pupil contraction speed between groups ( F =648.675, P <0.01 ), and the contraction speed in stage 5 subgroup was significantly lower than those in the other subgroups and control group (P<0.05); the control group significantly differed from the stage 3, stage 4, and stage 5 subgroup in terms of PPC ( P<0.05 ).Pupil contraction speed, PPC and minimum diameter showed correlation with the stages of glaucoma.?CONCLUSION:Pupil contraction ability in patients with primary open angle glaucoma was impaired, and the degree of impairment is related with the degree of visual field defect.

OBJECTIVETo observe protective effects of Schisandra extract (SE) on embryotoxicity and reproductive toxicity of early pregnant rats exposed to Benzo[a]pyrene (Bap).

METHODSPregnant rat model was prepared using periodic screening cage method. Totally 50 female pregnant SD rats were divided into five groups by randomized block design according to the weight, i.e., the BaP model group, the low dose SE group, the middle dose SE group, the high dose SE group, the normal control group, 10 rats in each group. Rats in the BaP model group were administered with BaP at a daily dose of 2 mg/kg by gastrogavage. Rats in low, middle, and high dose SE groups were administered by gastrogavage with BaP (at a daily dose of 2 mg/kg) plus SE at a daily dose of 40, 200, and 1 000 mg/kg, respectively. Equal volume of olive oil was administered to rats in the normal control group by gastrogavage. All medication was performed for 8 successive days. Changes of rat body weight in each period were observed. The uterus embryonic total quality and ovary quality were measured, and organ index calculated. The number of corpus luteum, the number of embryo implantation, and the number of absorbed embryo were statistically calculated respectively. The implantation rate and the absorbed embryos rate were calculated. Serum levels of human chorionic gonadotrophin β (β-HCG) and progesterone (PROG) were detected by ELISA.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control group, the weight of 9-day pregnant rats, the number of embryo implantation, the uterus embryonic total index, ovary index, serum levels of β-HCG and PROG all decreased in the Bap model group with significant difference (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with the Bap model group, body weight, the uterus embryonic total index, and the PROG level increased in 3 dose SE groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Ovary index and serum β-HCG increased in middle and high dose SE groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The number of implantation obviously increased in the high dose SE groups (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSE could reduce the embryotoxicity and reproductive toxicity of early pregnant rats exposed to Benzo[a]pyrene.

Animals ; Benzo(a)pyrene ; toxicity ; Chorionic Gonadotropin ; blood ; Embryo Implantation ; drug effects ; Female ; Ovary ; drug effects ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Pregnancy ; Progesterone ; blood ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reproduction ; drug effects ; Schisandra ; chemistry ; Uterus ; drug effects

Objective: To investigate the effects of point thread embedding on the learning and memory of the vascular dementia(VD) model rats and the possible mechanisms. Methods: VD rat models were established by employing improved method of Pulsinelli's four-vessel occlusion,then the model rats were treated with point thread embedding.Morris maze test was used to evaluate the learning and memory of the rats.In vivo recording of long term potentiation(LTP) was performed in the dentate gyrus of hippocampus and changes in each experimental group were observed and compared after high-frequency stimulation(HFS).Results: Compared with models group,the results from the Morris tests in treated group(thread embedding group)enhanced significantly(P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of two different doses of letrozole in promoting ovulation in infertile women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).

METHODSSeventy-six PCOS infertile women undergoing intrauterine insemination (IUI) or with anovulation were divided into two groups and received oral letrozole at the daily dose of 2.5 (n=36) or 5.0 mg (n=40) from the 3rd to the 7th day of the menstrual cycle. Three days after discontinuation of the medication (the 10th day of the menstrual cycle ), ultrasound scanning was performed to monitor the follicle development. When the diameter of the biggest follicle reached 14 mm, the presence of luteinizing hormone (LH) was monitored; when LH positivity was detected, blood samples were drawn to test follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), LH, estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) levels. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG, 10 000 U) was then injected to induce ovulation.

RESULTSThe ovulation rate, stimulation follicle days, diameter of the biggest follicle on the day of LH positivity and the thickness of endometrium were all similar between the two groups (P>0.05). But in women receiving 5.0 mg letrozole, both the number of mature follicles and pregnancy rate were significantly higher than those in women having the half dose (P<0.05). The levels of FSH, LH, E2, and T on the third day of menstruation and on the day of HCG injection were similar between the two groups (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONLetrozole at the dose of 5.0 mg/day produces higher pregnancy rate and more mature follicles in fertile women with PCOS.

Adult ; Aromatase Inhibitors ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Fertility Agents, Female ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Infertility, Female ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Insemination, Artificial ; Nitriles ; administration & dosage ; Ovulation Induction ; methods ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ; complications ; Triazoles ; administration & dosage

AIMIn order to seek the marks of the genes, the relation between the influence of endurance training on aerobic ability and ACE Gene I/D Polymorphisms were studied.

METHODS102 army recruits of Han nationality from North China for an 18 week en durance training of 5000m distance. Their VO2(max), VT and the left ventricular structure and function were measured before and after the training. We also tested their ACE Gene I/D Polymorphisms with PCR-AFLP method.

RESULTSThe compliance of VO2(max), VT and left ventricular structure and function had improved after the training; the deltaVO2(max) of ID and II type was obviously higher than that of DD type (P < 0.05); there was obviously diference of deltaVO2(VT) in different ACE genotype (P < 0.05), the deltaVO2(VT) of type II was obviously higher than that of DD type (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONI allele has obviously hereditary advantage on the sensitivity to aerobic training in VO2(max) and VT, and type II has relation on the sensitivity to aerobic training in VT; there is no relation between I/D polymorphism and the sensitivity to aerobic training on the structure and function of left ventricle.

Adolescent ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; Humans ; Male ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ; genetics ; Physical Endurance ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; genetics ; Ventricular Function, Left ; physiology ; Young Adult

Clarifying the subjects and their responsibility is a premise of effective supervision in health care field.While there are many problems in China,such as decentralized functions,unclear positioning and lack of professionalism.Moreover,the responsibility of health insurance and professional associations is inadequate.Therefore targeted reforms are called in the following session.

Objective To investigate the status quo of Otolaryngology services in county-level hospitals in Ningxia,to know its developmentbottlenecks and shortcomings,and to provide suggestions for promotion of Otolaryngotogy medical service ability in county-level hospitals in Ningxia.Methods By cluster sampling method,and through questionaire survey,investigating and analyzing the actuality of Otorhinolaryngology in county-level hospitals in Ningxia.Results The current status of Otorhinolaryngology in county-level hospitals in Ningxia was lower than the standard of county-level hospitals.The number of personnel and equipment is seriously insufficient.Few medical technology can be carried out.The number of outpatients and discharged patients increases.The number of outgoing patients increases.Conclusion The medical service ability of Otorhinolaryngology in county-level hospitals in Ningxia is low.It is suggested to formulate development plans and to innovate development way;to develop human resources,and to upgrade technical level;to use information platform,and to joint construction of academic alliances.

Objective:To observe the effect of acupuncture on the expression of mitochondrial proteome in hippocampus of senescence-accelerated mouse prone g (SAMPg) mice models with Alzheimer disease (AD),and to explore the possible protective mechanism of acupuncture on mitochondria.Methods:Sixty 6-month-old male SAMP8 mice were randomly divided into an acupuncture at acupoint group,an acupuncture at non-acupoint group and a model group,20 mice in each group.The 20 male senescence-accelerated mouse/resistance 1 (SAMR1) mice of the same age were used as a normal control group.Shenshu (BL 23),Baihui (GV 20),Xuehai (SP 10) and Geshu (BL 17) were selected for acupuncture intervention in acupuncture at acupoint group.After an 8-week intervention,mitochondrial tissues were extracted from the hippocampus.Differentially expressed proteins were identified by subcellular organelle proteomics.Western blot was used to verify the expressions of some related proteins in hippocampal mitochondria.Results:Compared with the model group,there were 13 differentially expressed protein spots in the acupuncture at acupoint group,of which,9 were up-regulated,including neurofilament light polypeptide (NFL),actin (cytoplasmic 1,database ID:ACTB),tubulin beta-2A chain (TBB2A),tropomodulin-2 (TMOD2),pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta (PDHE1-β),NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 75 kDa subunit (database ID:NDUS1),heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein (HSC71),pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha (PDHE1-α) and ATP synthase beta subunit (ATP-β);4 were down-regulated,including glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP),pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase 1 (PDP1),mitochondrial-processing peptidase subunit alpha (MMP-α) and adenosine kinase (ADK).According to the information provided in the protein database,most of the differentially expressed proteins involve the regulation of mitochondrial function and structure.The expression levels of NFL and TBB2A in the normal control group and the acupuncture at acupoint group were significantly higher than those in the acupuncture at non-acupoint group (P＜0.05).ATP-β and NDUS1 expression levels were significantly higher in the acupuncture at acupoint group than those in the acupuncture at non-acupoint group (P＜0.05);there was no significant difference between the acupuncture at non-acupoint group and the model group (P＞0.05).Conclusion:Acupuncture may achieve the potential therapeutic effect on AD by regulating the structure and functional proteins of hippocampal mitochondria.

One new sesquiterpene was isolated from the fermentation broth of Streptomyces sp. and the structure was elucidated by spectral analysis as caryolane-1, 6beta-diol (1). An intermediate 1alpha, 6beta, 11-eudesmanetriol (2) in the biosynthesis of geosmin was also found in this strain which proved sequence for the reactions, especially bicyclization preceding dealkylation.
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Molecular Structure ; Naphthols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Sesquiterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Streptomyces ; chemistry