Acute Disease ; Adult ; Aged ; Angiography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phlebography ; Thrombolytic Therapy ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Venous Thrombosis ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy

Purpose To investigate the role of CHMP4A and TSPYL-2 in early pathogenesis of esophageal cancer.Methods Through comparison of the four subtractive libraries,early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma genes CHMP4A and TSPYL-2 were chosen for further study.Through RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry methods,CHMP4A and TSPYL-2's expression was detected in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue,cancerous tissue and normal esophageal mucosa.Results CHMP4A and TSPYL-2 expression between esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and normal esophageal epithelium tissue had significant differences (P ＜ 0.05),and the CHMP4A gene expression in esophageal mucosa,field cancerization areas,esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue increased,while TSPYL-2 gene expression in esophageal mucosa,field cancerization areas,esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue decreased,which were consistent with the protein expression of CHMP4A and TSPYL-2.Conclusion CHMP4A and TSPYL-2 genes are differentially expressed in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma,which can be used as alternative genetic markers for further research.

OBJECTIVETo identify the underlying mechanisms of the protective effects of Dingxin Recipe (: , DXR), a Chinese compound prescription that has been used clinically in China for more than 20 years, on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced arrhythmias in rat model.

METHODSA total of 30 rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham group, I/R group, and DXR-pretreated I/R (DXR-I/R) group. Rats in the DXR-DXRI/R group were intragastrically administrated with DXR (12.5 g/kg per day) for consecutive 7 days, while rats I/in the sham and I/R groups were administrated with normal saline. Arrhythmias were introduced by I/R and electrocardiograms (ECG) were recorded. Two-dimensional (2-D) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and matrix-matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) were used to identify assisted differentially expressed proteins. Immunohistochemistry, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-RQPCR), Western blot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were performed to analyze proteins PCR), obtained in the above experiments.

RESULTSDXR significantly reduced the incidence and mean duration of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation and dramatically decreased the mortality, as well as arrhythmia score, compared with those of the I/R group. Among successfully identified proteins, prohibitin (PHB) and heart fatty acid binding protein (hFABP) were up-regulated in DXR-pretreated I/R rats compared with those of the I/R rats. In addition, compared with the I/R group, the level of glutathione (GSH) was elevated accompanied by reduced expressions of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and neutrophil infiltration in I/R rats with DXR pretreatment.

CONCLUSIONSDXR could alleviate I/R-induced arrhythmias, which might be related to increased expression of PHB. The enhanced expression of PHB prevented against the depletion of GSH and consequently inhibited apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, up-regulation of PHB might ameliorate I/R-induced cell death and leakage of hFABP by suppressing neutrophil infiltration and IL-6 expressions.

Animals ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional ; Fatty Acid Binding Protein 3 ; Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Glutathione ; metabolism ; Heart Ventricles ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Immunohistochemistry ; Inflammation ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; complications ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Neutrophil Infiltration ; drug effects ; Peptide Mapping ; Proteomics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reperfusion Injury ; complications ; Repressor Proteins ; metabolism ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization ; Spectrophotometry ; Up-Regulation ; drug effects

Objective: To explore the clinical value of von Willebrand Factor (vWF) and VITRO score (vWF:Ag/platelet count) in assessing disease progression in patients with HBV infection. Methods: Randomly collect relevant clinical data of 308 patients with HBV infection (including 154 cases of chronic hepatitis B, 66 cases of hepatitis B cirrhosis in compensatory period, 88 cases of hepatitis B cirrhosis in decompensated period) from December 1, 2018 to January 5, 2021 in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. The vWF values are measured by a uniform optical method, and all data are included using a uniform standard. Analyze the difference and significance of plasma vWF level and VITRO score in chronic hepatitis B, hepatitis B cirrhosis in the compensatory phase and decompensated phase. Results: The plasma vWF level and VITRO score of the chronic hepatitis B group were (139.47±76.44) and (0.86±0.8), respectively, and the hepatitis B cirrhosis compensated group was (164.95±67.12 and 1.44±1.14), respectively. Hepatitis cirrhosis decompensated group were (317.48±103.32 and 6.81±4.98), respectively; plasma vWF level and VITRO score increased with the progression of HBV infection, and the difference was statistically significant (F=133.669,P=0.000F=137.598,P=0.000).The plasma vWF level and VITRO score in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis were (185.65±85.07 and 2.3±2.37) in the Child-Pugh A group, (304.74±105.81 and 6.37±5.19) in the B grade group, and (369.48±73.238.28±5.38) in the C grade group; plasma vWF level and VITRO score in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis increased with the increase of Child-Pugh grade, and the difference was statistically significant (F=60.236, P=0.000F=32.854, P=0.000). The area under the curve (AUC) of plasma vWF level and VITRO score for diagnosing the decompensated stage of hepatitis B cirrhosis were 0.897 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.855-0.940, P＜0.01], 0.949 [95% CI: 0.916-0.982, P＜0.01). When the vWF level and VITRO score were taken as cut-off values of 238.5% and 1.65, respectively, the sensitivity of diagnosing the decompensated stage of hepatitis B cirrhosis was 79.5% and 94.3%, the specificity was 92.3% and 87.7%, and the positive predictive value was 80.5% and 94.3%, the negative predictive value was 91.9% and 97.5%, and the diagnostic accuracy was 88.6% and 89.3%. Among the patients with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis, the level of vWF in the group with gastrointestinal bleeding (367.24±68.29)% was significantly higher than that in the group without gastrointestinal bleeding (286.15±109.69)%, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.001) The VITRO score of the group with gastrointestinal bleeding (9.12±5.4) was significantly higher than that of the group without gastrointestinal bleeding (5.36±4.13), and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.01). The vWF level in the spontaneous peritonitis group was (341.73±87.92)% higher than that in the non-spontaneous peritonitis group (296.32±111.74)%, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). There was no statistical difference in VITRO score between the two groups. significance. Conclusion: Plasma vWF level and VITRO score can evaluate the progression of liver disease and the degree of decompensation of liver cirrhosis in patients with HBV infection, and have a predictive effect on various complications after decompensation of liver cirrhosis, and have certain guiding significance for early intervention measures.
Disease Progression ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology* ; Hepatitis B/complications* ; Hepatitis B virus ; Hepatitis B, Chronic/diagnosis* ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis/virology* ; Peritonitis/complications* ; von Willebrand Factor/analysis*

Objective: To evaluate the household secondary attack rates of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant and the associated factors. Methods: A COVID-19 outbreak caused by the Delta variant occurred in Nanjing in July 2021. A total of 235 cases with current addresses in Nanjing were reported from 171 households. The subjects in this study were selected from household close contact(s) of infected cases. The information on household index cases and their contacts were collected, and the household secondary attack rate (HSAR) and the risk factors were analyzed by the multi-factor logistic regression model. Results: A total of 234 cases of household close contacts and 64 household secondary cases were reported from 103 households, and the HSAR was 27.4% (64/234, 95%CI:22.0% to 33.4%). The proportions of household size for 2 to 3, 4 to 5, and 6 to 9 were 64.1% (66), 26.2% (27) and 9.7% (10), respectively. A total of 35 cases of household cluster outbreaks were reported (35/103, 34.0%). The number of the first case in the household (FCH) was 103 and males accounted for 27.2% (28 cases), with the median age (Q₁, Q₃) of 49 (9, 56). The number of household close contacts was 234 and males accounted for 59.0% (138 cases), with the median age (Q₁, Q₃) of 42 (20, 55) and the median exposure period (Q₁, Q₃) of 3 (1, 3) days. The multi-factor logistic regression model showed that the higher HSAR was observed in the FCH with the features of airport staff (OR=2.913, 95%CI:1.469-5.774), detection from home quarantine screening (OR=6.795, 95%CI:1.761-26.219) and detection from mass screening (OR=4.239, 95%CI:1.098-16.368). Meanwhile, higher HSAR was observed in cases with longer household exposure (OR=1.221, 95%CI:1.040-1.432), non-vaccination (OR=2.963, 95%CI:1.288-6.813) and incomplete vaccinations (OR=2.842, 95%CI:0.925-8.731). Conclusion: The generation interval of the Delta variant is shortened, and the ability of transmission within the household is enhanced. In the outbreak in Nanjing, the associated factors of HSAR are occupation, detection route, vaccination and exposure period.
Male ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19/epidemiology* ; Incidence ; Family Characteristics

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the clinical treatment outcomes and the changes of the outcomes over time in extremely preterm twins in Guangdong Province, China. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed for 269 pairs of extremely preterm twins with a gestational age of <28 weeks who were admitted to the department of neonatology in 26 grade A tertiary hospitals in Guangdong Province from January 2008 to December 2017. According to the admission time, they were divided into two groups: 2008-2012 and 2013-2017. Besides, each pair of twins was divided into the heavier infant and the lighter infant subgroups according to birth weight. The perinatal data of mothers and hospitalization data of neonates were collected. The survival rate of twins and the incidence rate of complications were compared between the 2008-2012 and 2013-2017 groups. RESULTS: Compared with the 2008-2012 group, the 2013-2017 group (both the heavier infant and lighter infant subgroups) had lower incidence rates of severe asphyxia and smaller head circumference at birth (P<0.05). The mortality rates of both of the twins, the heavier infant of the twins, and the lighter infant of the twins were lower in the 2013-2017 group compared with the 2008-2012 group (P<0.05). Compared with the 2008-2012 group, the 2013-2017 group (both the heavier infant and lighter infant subgroups) had lower incidence rates of pulmonary hemorrhage, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage (P-IVH), and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) and a higher incidence rate of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS There is a significant increase in the survival rate over time in extremely preterm twins with a gestational age of <28 weeks in the 26 grade A tertiary hospitals in Guangdong Province. The incidences of severe asphyxia, pulmonary hemorrhage, PDA, P-IVH, and NRDS decrease in both the heavier and lighter infants of the twins, but the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia increases. With the improvement of diagnosis and treatment, the multidisciplinary collaboration between different fields of fetal medicine including prenatal diagnosis, obstetrics, and neonatology is needed in the future to jointly develop management strategies for twin pregnancy.
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia/epidemiology* ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Extremely Premature ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn/epidemiology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Objective: To analyze the clinical epidemiological characteristics including composition of pathogens , clinical characteristics, and disease prognosis acute bacterial meningitis (ABM) in Chinese children. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical and laboratory data of 1 610 children <15 years of age with ABM in 33 tertiary hospitals in China from January 2019 to December 2020. Patients were divided into different groups according to age,<28 days group, 28 days to <3 months group, 3 months to <1 year group, 1-<5 years of age group, 5-<15 years of age group; etiology confirmed group and clinically diagnosed group according to etiology diagnosis. Non-numeric variables were analyzed with the Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, while non-normal distrituction numeric variables were compared with nonparametric test. Results: Among 1 610 children with ABM, 955 were male and 650 were female (5 cases were not provided with gender information), and the age of onset was 1.5 (0.5, 5.5) months. There were 588 cases age from <28 days, 462 cases age from 28 days to <3 months, 302 cases age from 3 months to <1 year of age group, 156 cases in the 1-<5 years of age and 101 cases in the 5-<15 years of age. The detection rates were 38.8% (95/245) and 31.5% (70/222) of Escherichia coli and 27.8% (68/245) and 35.1% (78/222) of Streptococcus agalactiae in infants younger than 28 days of age and 28 days to 3 months of age; the detection rates of Streptococcus pneumonia, Escherichia coli, and Streptococcus agalactiae were 34.3% (61/178), 14.0% (25/178) and 13.5% (24/178) in the 3 months of age to <1 year of age group; the dominant pathogens were Streptococcus pneumoniae and the detection rate were 67.9% (74/109) and 44.4% (16/36) in the 1-<5 years of age and 5-<15 years of age . There were 9.7% (19/195) strains of Escherichia coli producing ultra-broad-spectrum β-lactamases. The positive rates of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture and blood culture were 32.2% (515/1 598) and 25.0% (400/1 598), while 38.2% (126/330)and 25.3% (21/83) in CSF metagenomics next generation sequencing and Streptococcus pneumoniae antigen detection. There were 4.3% (32/790) cases of which CSF white blood cell counts were normal in etiology confirmed group. Among 1 610 children with ABM, main intracranial imaging complications were subdural effusion and (or) empyema in 349 cases (21.7%), hydrocephalus in 233 cases (14.5%), brain abscess in 178 cases (11.1%), and other cerebrovascular diseases, including encephalomalacia, cerebral infarction, and encephalatrophy, in 174 cases (10.8%). Among the 166 cases (10.3%) with unfavorable outcome, 32 cases (2.0%) died among whom 24 cases died before 1 year of age, and 37 cases (2.3%) had recurrence among whom 25 cases had recurrence within 3 weeks. The incidences of subdural effusion and (or) empyema, brain abscess and ependymitis in the etiology confirmed group were significantly higher than those in the clinically diagnosed group (26.2% (207/790) vs. 17.3% (142/820), 13.0% (103/790) vs. 9.1% (75/820), 4.6% (36/790) vs. 2.7% (22/820), χ²=18.71, 6.20, 4.07, all P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the unfavorable outcomes, mortility, and recurrence between these 2 groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions: The onset age of ABM in children is usually within 1 year of age, especially <3 months. The common pathogens in infants <3 months of age are Escherichia coli and Streptococcus agalactiae, and the dominant pathogen in infant ≥3 months is Streptococcus pneumoniae. Subdural effusion and (or) empyema and hydrocephalus are common complications. ABM should not be excluded even if CSF white blood cell counts is within normal range. Standardized bacteriological examination should be paid more attention to increase the pathogenic detection rate. Non-culture CSF detection methods may facilitate the pathogenic diagnosis.
Adolescent ; Brain Abscess ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Escherichia coli ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Meningitis, Bacterial/epidemiology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Streptococcus agalactiae ; Streptococcus pneumoniae ; Subdural Effusion ; beta-Lactamases