OBJECTIVETo investigate the methods of preoperative diagnosis and differentiation of different pathological tissue in middle ear and mastoid.

METHODSThe temporal bone lamellar CT findings in 106 patients with chronic suppurative otitis media (including cholesteatoma) were retrospectively analyzed. The CT value of pathological tissue were measured for 183 times and were compared with the surgical findings and postoperative pathological findings to definitude the CT value range of different pathological tissue. Sixty patients taken from 106 patients at random were analyzed and made the diagnosis again by the same doctor team according to the CT value of the different pathological tissue and surrounding histoclasia resulted by pathological tissue. The diagnose accordance rate was compared with the routine diagnose report from radiology department. The predetective diagnosis was made in 10 patients with chronic suppurative otitis media according to clinical manifestation (pathological changes of tympanic membrane, nature of otorrhea, character of hearing), temporal bone lamellar CT finding (CT value of pathological tissue, surrounding histoclasia) to validate the value of this study for preoperative diagnosis and differentiation of different pathological tissue in middle ear and mastoid.

RESULTSThe CT value of cholesteatoma, granulation tissue, cholesteatoma combined with granulation tissue, effusion, calcified tissue, thickened and polypoid membrane was respectively (46.6 +/- 10.3) Hu, (26.6 +/-7.4) Hu, (42.1 +/- 11.4) Hu, (- 24.6 +/- 9.2) Hu, (223.6 +/- 63.7) Hu, (23.8 +/- 8.5) Hu. The diagnose accordance rate in 60 patients who were analyzed and made diagnosis again according to the CT value of the different pathological tissue and surrounding histoclasia resulted by pathological tissue raised from 68. 3% to 81.7% ( P < 0.05) . The predetective diagnose accordance rate reached at 90% according to clinical manifestation, temporal bone lamellar CT.

CONCLUSIONSIt was not reliable to diagnose and differentially diagnose different pathological tissue in middle ear and mastoid only by the CT value, however, the CT value could still be considered to be a very significant information. The accurate rates of diagnosis and differentiation of different pathological tissue in middle ear and mastoid obviously raised by synthetically analyzing various kinds of pathological tissues in middle ear and mastoid according to clinical manifestation, temporal bone lamellar CT finding.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mastoid ; diagnostic imaging ; Middle Aged ; Otitis Media, Suppurative ; diagnostic imaging ; Retrospective Studies ; Temporal Bone ; diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents in Agrimonia pilosa.

METHODThe compounds were isolated and purified by various column chromatographic methods and elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidences.

RESULTNine flavonoids were obtained and identified as tiliroside (1), kaempferol 3-O-alpha-L-rhampyranoside (2), quercetin 3-O-alpha-L-rhampyranoside (3), quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (4), kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (5), kaempferol (6), apigenin (7), luteolin (8), quercetin (9).

CONCLUSIONCompounds 1-3, 5, 6 and 8 were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Agrimonia ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

Objective To investigate the high-risk behaviors related to acquared immune deficiency syndrome/sexually transmitted disease (AIDS/STDs) infection among fishermen in Lv-si harbor,Jiangsu province.Methods A cross-sectional study was designed to investigate the research participants' demographic characteristics,high-risk behaviors that related to AIDS/STDs.Logistic regression was performed to measure the associations between potential risk factors and reported potential high-risk sexual behavior.Results 817 fishermen participated in the study and casual or commercial sex activities appeared to be the main high-risk behavior for AIDS/STDs infection in the target population.The rates of casual and commercial sex reported were 18.1％ and 28.9％ among fishermen.Risk factors associated with AIDS/STDs related high-risk behaviors among fishermen were high mobility (OR=1.516,P=0.038),higher lifetime sex frequency (OR=1.422,P=0.002)and unmarried status ( OR =7.527,P=0.014).Protective factors against high-risk behaviors were low intake of alcohol (OR=0.803,P=0.053),negative STD history (OR=0.268,P=0.001 ),age of initial sexual intercourse at or older than 22 years (OR =0.440,P=0.000) of age,as well as negative attitude toward multiple sexual parmers (OR=0.662,P=0.023 ) and legitimation for commercial sex (OR=0.612,P=0.007).Conclusion There were risk behaviors of AIDS/STDs in those infected fishmen.Casual and commercial sex were common high-risk behaviors.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical diagnostic value of medical thoracoscopy in tuberculous pleuritis . Methods:The clinical data of patients with pleural effusion who received medical thoracoscopy from February 2012 to March 2016 was analyzed retrospectively . Results: Totally 136 patients with pleural effusions of unknown etiologies underwent medical thoracoscopy ,there were 46 cases confirmed to have tuberculous pleurisy .The appearances of tuberculous pleurisy under thoracoscopy were mainly different size of nodules on pleura (28 .3% ) ,pleural thickening or fibrous adhesion (56 .5% ) , hyperemia and edema of pleural or military nodules on the surface of pleura (10 .9% ) .ADA values of 46 tuberculous pleurisy patients were as follows :<40 U/L(19 .6% ) ,40‐45 U/L(4 .3% ) ,45‐60 U/L(39 .1% ) ,≥60 U/L(37 .0% ) .There were 45 cases had ADA more than 45 U/L , the pathological diagnosis was as follows :35 cases of tuberculosis , 1 case of adenocarcinoma ,3 cases of acute inflammation and 6 cases of chronic inflammatory .No serious complications were observed . Conclusions:Medical thoracoscopy is easy to operative and a relatively safe procedure ,and it can improve the accuracy in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleuritis and also reduce clinical misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis .

Objective To study the expression of caspases in stretch-induced apoptosis in human periodontal ligament cells (HPDLCs).Methods HPDLCs in vitro were subjected to mechanical stretch with 20％ strain for 6 h or 24 h.The apoptotic rates were analyzed by flow cytometry.The protein expression of caspase-3,-5,-7,-8 and -9 was detected by Western blotting,and the activity of caspase-3,-5,-8 and-9 was measured using colorimetric assay.Results Mechanical stretches with 20％ strain for 6 h and 24 h could induce apoptosis in HPDLCs.Compared with non-stretching control group,the protein expression level and activity of caspase-3,as well as the protein expression level of caspase-7 were up-regulated by 24 h-stretch.The protein expression level and activity of caspase-5,-8,-9 were up-regulated after stretches for 6 h and 24 h.Conclusions Mechanical stretch with 20％ strain can induce apoptosis in HPDLCs in vitro,with the activation of caspase-3,-5,-7,-8 and-9.

Objective To investigate and analysis the life quality of the rectal intestinal stoma patients and their families in three level of first -class hospital of Shanghai city .Methods One hundred and three patients with the rectal intestinal stoma and their families were surveyed by the quality of life core questionnaire of the European cancer research and treatment organization (EORTC QLQ-C30) and the simple health status questionnaire (SF-36) to assess their quality of life.Results The life quality of the rectal intestinal stoma patients was at a low level within three months after operation .The overall score of the life quality of the rectal intestinal stoma patients was (46.53 ±25.79), and was lower than (51.56 ±24.61) in the national norm, and the difference was statistically significant ( t =-2.115, P <0.05).The overall health score of SF-36 in patients’ families was (54.65 ±23.19), and was lower than (84.40 ±32.40) in the national norm, and the difference was statistically significant (t=-17.970, P<0.01).Compared the national norm , no significant differences were found in the scores of physiological function , body pain, emotional function, mental health in the rectal intestinal stoma patients and their families (P>0.05).The scores of physiological roles , vitality, social function in the rectal intestinal stoma patients and their families were lower than those of the national norms , and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The body function, role function, cognitive function, social function, in the rectal intestinal stoma patients were positive correlation with the life quality of their families (r=0.198, 0.167, 0.072, 0.072, respectively;P<0.01 or P<0.05).Conclusions The life quality of the early rectal intestinal stoma patients and their families are not optimistic , and the life quality of patients interacts with the life quality of their families.The life quality of the rectal intestinal stoma patients is actively improved by the medical personnel , and the medical personnel should care for the life quality of patients ’ families.During the intervention the life quality of patients and their families should be taken as a whole , and the medical personnel should provide the families with necessary support and guidance .

Objective:To explore the influencing factors of fear of falling in patients with first cerebral infarction in recovery period.Methods:Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 221 patients with first cerebral infarction who were hospitalized and treated in Department of Neurology and Department of Cardiology in Qingdao Hospital of Shandong First Medical University from May 2017 to October 2019 were selected as research objects. Short Falls Efficacy Scale International (SFES-I) was used to evaluate the patients, and the influencing factors of the fear of falling in patients with first cerebral infarction in recovery period were analyzed.Results:The results of univariate analysis showed that SFES-I scores of patients with different ages, marital status, family monthly income, history of falls, number of chronic diseases, anxiety, depression, activity of daily living (ADL) limitation and walking ability had statistically significant differences ( P<0.05) . The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that five variables including age (65-80) , marital status, history of falls, anxiety, and depression were retained in the regression model, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Among them, the marital status of the spouse was the protective factors of fear of falling of patients ( OR<1) , while the other 4 factors were risk factors of fear of falling of patients ( OR>1) . Conclusions:Age, marital status, history of falling, anxiety, and depression are the influencing factors of falling fear in patients with first cerebral infarction in recovery period, so targeted nursing measures should be taken according to different characteristics of patients.

To clarify the key quality attributes of substance benchmarks in Danggui Buxue Decoction(DBD), this study prepared 21 batches of DBD substance benchmarks, and established two methods for detecting their fingerprints, followed by the identification of peak attribution and similarity range as well as the determination of extract and transfer rate ranges and contents of index components ferulic acid, calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, and astragaloside Ⅳ. The mass fractions and transfer rates of DBD substance benchmarks from different batches were calculated as follows: ferulic acid(index component in Angelicae Sinensis Radix): 0.037%-0.084% and 31.41%-98.88%; astragaloside Ⅳ(index component in Astragali Radix): 0.021%-0.059% and 32.18%-118.57%; calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside: 0.002%-0.023% and 11.51%-45.65%, with the extract rate being 18.4%-36.1%. The similarity of fingerprints among 21 batches of DBD substance benchmarks was all higher than 0.9. The quality control method for DBD substance benchmarks was preliminarily established based on the HPLC fingerprint analysis and index component determination, which has provided a basis for the subsequent development of DBD and the quality control of novel related preparations.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/standards* ; Quality Control

Objective To study the expression of caspases in stretch-induced apoptosis in human periodontal ligament cells (HPDLCs). Methods HPDLCs in vitro were subjected to mechanical stretch with 20% strain for 6 h or 24 h. The apoptotic rates were analyzed by flow cytometry. The protein expression of caspase-3, -5, -7, -8 and -9 was detected by Western blot, and the activity of caspase-3, -5, -8 and -9 was measured using colorimetric assay. Results Mechanical stretches with 20% strain for 6 and 24 h could induce apoptosis in HPDLCs. Compared with non-stretching control group, the protein expression level and activity of caspase-3, as well as the protein expression level of caspase-7 were up-regulated by 24 h-stretch. The protein expression level and activity of caspase-5, -8, -9 were up-regulated after stretches for 6 h and 24 h. Conclusions Mechanical stretch with 20% strain can induce apoptosis in HPDLCs in vitro, with the activation of caspase-3, -5, -7, -8 and -9.

Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles that are secreted by a variety of cells in the body. They carry particular miRNA, protein molecules, transcription factors, and other information molecules, and they play a role in the pathophysiological regulation of a number of diseases in the body. Exosomes can persist steadily in biological tissues and bodily fluids. Exosomes have quickly advanced in ophthalmology in recent years due to the extensive studies of exosomes in a variety of fields, such as diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, autoimmune uveitis, corneal disease, glaucoma, and other diseases. The number of people who are blind caused by diabetic retinopathy is rising as living standards rise. However, it is still unclear how diabetic retinopathy works. In recent years, many studies have found that exosomes play an important role in diabetic retinopathy. In this paper, the most recent developments in exosome studies as they relate to the pathogenesis and progression of diabetic retinopathy are reviewed.