ObjectiveTo study the mechanism of differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) into neuron-like cells in vitro.MethodsMSCs of Wistar rats were separated and cultured, and then induced with DMSO and BHA in vitro. The specific marking proteins of neurons, glia and neural stem cells were detected before preinduction, at 24h after preinduction, at 6h, 24h, and 48h after neuronal induction.ResultsAfter the inducement, many MSCs turned into bipolar,multipolar and taper,and then intersected as network structure. Nestin was strong positive at 6h after neuronal induction, and decreased at 24h, 48h after the induction. NeuN was present at 6 h after neuronal induction, and increased at 24h, 48h after the induction.ConclusionMSCs can be induced into neural stem cells(NSCs) at first, and then differentiate into neuron-like cells in vitro.

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between pharmacological effects and properties of traditional Chinese medicine by the decision tree algorithm.

METHODBased on of pharmacological effects of traditional Chinese medicine, the decision tree algorithm was applied in the study on the relationship between pharmacological effects and properties of traditional Chinese medicines. A model was established with the decision tree algorithm for the purpose of predicting the properties of traditional Chinese medicine components.

RESULTThe established model was reliable and stable, and could be used to predict the properties of traditional Chinese medicine components.

CONCLUSIONThe prediction for the properties of traditional Chinese medicine components with a decision tree model could reflect the theoretical connotation of the properties of traditional Chinese medicine components to some extent and provide a new method for studying the properties of traditional Chinese medicine components.

Drug Combinations ; Drug Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

In order to optimize the testing methods for Paeonia suffruticosa seed quality, and provide basis for establishing seed testing rules and seed quality standard of P. suffruticosa. The seed quality of P. suffruticosa from different producing areas was measured based on the related seed testing regulations. The seed testing methods for quality items of P. suffruticosa was established preliminarily. The samples weight of P. suffruticosa was at least 7 000 g for purity analysis and was at least 700 g for test. The phenotypic observation and size measurement were used for authenticity testing. The 1 000-seed weight was determined by 100-seed method, and the water content was carried out by low temperature drying method (10 hours). After soaking in distilled water for 24 h, the seeds was treated with different temperature stratifications of day and night (25 degrees C/20 degrees C, day/night) in the dark for 60 d. After soaking in the liquor of GA3 300 mg x L(-1) for 24 h, the P. suffruticos seeds were cultured in wet sand at 15 degrees C for 12-60 days for germination testing. Seed viability was tested by TlC method.
Germination ; Light ; Paeonia ; growth & development ; Quality Control ; Seeds ; physiology ; Temperature

OBJECTIVETo observe the influences of quercetin (Que) on the contraction of small intestine smooth muscle of rabbits in vitro and explore the mechanism.

METHODSWith the isothermal perfusion of small intestine in vitro. The influences of quercetin on the spontaneous contraction of small intestine and contraction induced by Ach, histamine and Bacl2 were observed and the mechanism of quercetin was studied.

RESULTSQuercetin reduced the tension of contraction of small intestine smooth muscle in rabbits in a dose-depended manner. Quercetin could completely block the contraction of Bay K8644. Heparin could also block the inhibition of quercetin on small intestine smooth muscle but ruthenium red (RR) had no effect on the relaxation of quercetin. Nitro-L-arginine methylester(L-NAME) inhibited the relaxation of quercetin.

CONCLUSIONQuercetin inhibits the contraction of small intestine smooth muscle of rabbits in vitro. The mechanism may be related to increase NO concentration in small intestine smooth muscle so that it inhibits extracellular Ca2+ inflowing via cell membrane. And quercetin has effect on intracellular Ca2+ releasing via IP3 of sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Animals ; Calcium ; metabolism ; In Vitro Techniques ; Intestine, Small ; drug effects ; Muscle, Smooth ; drug effects ; physiology ; Quercetin ; pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ; drug effects ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the spatiotemporal expression patterns and the relationship of α-sarcomeric actin(α-SCA) ,α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) and intermediate filament protein desmin with the maturation of the prenatal and the neonatal mouse hearts. Methods Serial sections of the embryo mouse and the neonatal mouse hearts were immunostained with antibodies against α-SCA, α-SMA and desmin. Results Ventricle and outflow tract of embryonic day(ED) 9 heart showed stronger expression of α-SCA and α-SMA, but desmin expression was lower. In the atrium, the expressions of α-SCA and α-SMA were restricted to the dorsal and ventral walls. In the sinus venosus, only a few weakly stained α-SCA positive cells were detected. No desmin expression was found in the atrium and sinus venosus. The expressions of α-SCA, α-SMA and desmin were increased to their highest level at ED 12. The higher expression of α-SCA remained to the postnatal stages. After ED 12, the expressions of α-SMA and desmin gradually decreased in different parts of the heart, but their expressions in the right ventricle persisted longer. After birth,desmin expression was mainly concentrated in the Z lines of I bands and intercalated disks. Conclusion The presence of spatiotemporal differences in the expression of α-SMA and desmin reveals regional differences in cardiomyocyte maturation in various parts of the embryonic mouse heart. The right ventricle shows a relatively slow pace of maturation. The α-SMA may contribute to a peristaltoid contraction pattern of the embryonic myocardium with a slow shortening speed, and a relatively higher level of desmin is required for the maturation of the sarcomere.

Objective To investigate the early development of the sinus venosus and the cardiac conduction system (CCS) of human embryonic hearts. Methods Serial transverse sections of 29 human embryonic hearts from Carnegie stage 10 to Carnegie stage 16 (C10-C16) were stained immunohistochemically with antibodies against α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),α-sarcomeric actin(α-SCA) and desmin ( DES ). Results During C12 and C13, the sinus venosus formed by confluence of systematic veins at the caudal end of the pericardial cavity could be recognized in the mesenchyme of primitive transverse septum. The mesenchymal cells of the sinus venosus gradually differentiated into α-SCA positive cardiocyocytes. At C14, the sinus venosus was within the pericardial cavity due to expansion of the pericardial cavity and incorporated into the right atrium. Differentiation of DES positive conductive cardiomyocyte was initiated in the right wall of atrio-ventricular canal of C10 embryonic heart and with the development, extended towards the myocardium of the interventricular sulcus to form His bundle, left and right bundle branches as well as the ventricular trabecular myocardium. In the atium, the strong expression of DES was first detected in the dorsal wall of C11 atrium. At C13, unique myocardial band showing α-SCA, α-SMA and DES expression in the left dorsal wall of the sinus venosus were found to be continuous with the basal wall of left atium and the dorsal wall of the atrio-ventricular canal, this band might be related to the development of conduction system from sinoatrial node to atrio-ventricular canal. During C14 to C16, primary conduction pathway of atria with strong DES expression was formed that extended from sinoatrial node along venous valves, DES positive myocardium in the dorsal and ventral walls of the atria to the right atrio-ventricular canal, respectively. Conclusions The mesenchyme of the primitive transverse septum is the heart forming field of human embryos responsible for formation of sinus venosus myocardium, cardiomyocytes are differentiated from mesenchymal cells in the primitive transverse septum and progressively added to the venous pole of the heart tube to form myocardial sinus venosus. The differentiation of CCS of the early human embryo initiates in the atrio-ventricular canal and develops gradually towards the arterial and venous poles of the heart tube. By C16, DES positive embryonic CCS can be clearly recognized morphologically.

In order to establish the quality classification criteria of Paeonia suffruticosa seeds, thirty-one batches of P. suffruticosa seeds from different provenances were selected. The seed rooting rate, seed germination rate, seed purity, seed viability, 1,000-seed weight and moisture content were determined and analyzed through SPSS 20.0 software. Seed rooting rate, seed germination rate and seed purity were selected as the main index for classification, while 1,000-seed weight, seed viability and moisture content could be used as important references. The seed quality grading of P. suffruticosa was set as three grades. The seed quality of each grade should meet following requirements: For the first grade seeds, seed rooting rate ≥ 80%, seed germination rate ≥ 80%, seed purity ≥ 90%, seed viability ≥ 80%, 1,000-seed weight ≥ 250 g, moisture content, ≤ 10. For the second grade seeds, seed rooting rate ≥ 50%, seed germination rate ≥ 60%, seed purity ≥ 70%, seed viability ≥ 75%, 1,000-seed weight ≥ 225 g, moisture content ≤ 10. For the third grade seeds, seed rooting rate ≥ 20%, seed germination rate ≥ 45%, seed purity ≥ 60%, seed viability ≥ 45%, 1,000-seed weight ≥ 205 g, moisture content ≤ 10. The quality classification criteria of P. suffruticosa seeds have been initially established.
China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Germination ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; classification ; growth & development ; Seeds ; chemistry ; classification ; growth & development

AIM: To investigate the clinical characteristics, surgical outcome and curative effect of congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles ( CFEOM) .
METHODS: The eye exam of members in a Chinese family with CFEOM includes visual acuity, intraocular pressure, dilated fundus exam, extraocular muscle function test, orbital CT scan, and ultrasound. We did extraocular muscle surgery or frontalis suspension procedure for affected subjects in the family.
RESULTS: The incidence of CFEOM in this family was 31%. All patients were affected bilateraly with symptom of congenital eye movement disorder, ptosis, hypotropia, perverted convergence on upgaze and chin up head position. As the age grows, the diseases worsen unobviously. No other systemic disorder was found. Surgical treatment improved the anomalous head position although the ocular movement disorder preserved.
CONCLUSION: The pattern of inheritance in our serial patients are autosomal dominant. Surgery can improve chin up head position and cosmetic appearance. However, the eye movement deficiency cannot be improved.

0.01),which were significantly different from group Ⅲ(P

OBJECTIVETo predict part of medicinal properties of traditional Chinese medicine components and traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces by using the traditional Chinese medicinal property data prediction platform, in order to establish the relationship between properties of traditional Chinese medicine components and traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces.

METHODThe properties of traditional Chinese medicine components were predicted by using the medicinal property data prediction platform based on the pharmacological effects of the components.

RESULTThe total sum of identical or similar results of the prediction for the properties of traditional Chinese medicine components and traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces accounted for over 75%.

CONCLUSIONThe self-similarity exists between properties of traditional Chinese medicine components and traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces, which reflects the inheritance, additivity and emergence among different properties of traditional Chinese medicines.

Drug Combinations ; Drug Prescriptions ; Drug Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional