ObjectiveTo study the mechanism of differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) into neuron-like cells in vitro.MethodsMSCs of Wistar rats were separated and cultured, and then induced with DMSO and BHA in vitro. The specific marking proteins of neurons, glia and neural stem cells were detected before preinduction, at 24h after preinduction, at 6h, 24h, and 48h after neuronal induction.ResultsAfter the inducement, many MSCs turned into bipolar,multipolar and taper,and then intersected as network structure. Nestin was strong positive at 6h after neuronal induction, and decreased at 24h, 48h after the induction. NeuN was present at 6 h after neuronal induction, and increased at 24h, 48h after the induction.ConclusionMSCs can be induced into neural stem cells(NSCs) at first, and then differentiate into neuron-like cells in vitro.

Animals ; Cattle ; China ; epidemiology ; Echinococcosis ; epidemiology ; parasitology ; transmission ; Echinococcus granulosus ; pathogenicity ; Humans ; Seasons

Antiphospholipid Syndrome ; complications ; Atherosclerosis ; etiology ; B-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; CD11a Antigen ; genetics ; CD27 Ligand ; genetics ; CD40 Ligand ; genetics ; DNA Methylation ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; etiology ; genetics ; immunology

Objective To evaluate immunogenicity of one dose or two dose salk strain inactivated poliovirus vaccine(Salk -IPV )among children under seven years .Methods Searching "National Center for Biotechnology Information ,NCBI ","Cochrane Library ""China Biology Medicine disc ,CBMd ","China National Knowledge Infrastructure ,CNKI ","Wanfang Database,WF",studies for assessing immunogenicity of Salk -IPV were included.The seroconversion rate (SR)of neutralization antibody (NA)of specific type of polio virus with an interval of one month after vaccination was used as our endpoints.Pooled SR with 95% Confidence Interval (CI)was calculated by RevMan5.1 software.The association between seroconversion and age at administration was described by R 3.2.2 program.Results A total of 1 1 studies were included.One dose of Salk -IPV seroconvert 29% (95%CI:1 9% -39%),41 %(95%CI:31 % -51 %)and 38% (95%CI:28% -48%)of infants aged 7 years against serotypes I,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ on average,while 2 doses seroconvert 82% (95% CI:74% -90%),83% (95% CI:77% -88%) and 91 % (95% CI:87% -95%),respectively. Seroconversion increased with the starting age for both one dose and two dose schedules.Conclusion Routine immunization with at least 2 doses of Salk -IPV was recommended as a sequential schedule with two -valent oral polio virus vaccine and Salk -IPV was applied.

Objective To evaluate vaccine efficacy(VE)of Haemophilus influenza type b vaccine (Hib)among children under five years of age .Methods Searching “National Center for Biotechnology Information,NCBI”,“Cochrane Library, CL”,“China Biology Medicine disc,CBMd”,“China National Knowledge Infrastructure,CNKI”,“Wanfang Database, the studies of VE for Hib among children under five years of age were included,and meta -analysis were made by RevMan 5.3 software.Results A total of 9 studies were included,seven were randomised clinical trial(RCT)design and two were semi RCT design.The VEs of one dose,two doses and three doses of Hib were 65%(95%CI:23% -84%),79%(95%CI:54% -90%),and 85%(95%CI:77% -90%),respectively.Conclusion We found that Hib is highly effective and that the two dose regime is as good as the three dose regime.

Objective To assay serum apelin level in obesity and newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients and investigate the relationship between serum apelin level and body fat parameter,glucose and lipid metabolism and insulin resistance index,etc.Methods Sixty-two patients with type 2 DM and 72 subjects with normal glucose regulation (NGR) were selected and each group was divided into obese and non-obese subgroups according to body mass index (BMI)≥25 kg/m~2 or

OBJECTIVETo explore the impact of being informed of HIV infection before or after pregnancy on the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) HIV interventions uptake.

METHODSFrom 2005 to 2009, a tatal of 5552 HIV-infected pregnant women and their 5894 pregnancies in Henan, Guangxi, Yunnan and Xinjiang province were investigated using the method of a cohort study. The social-demographic characters (the objects were divided three age groups 15-, 25-, 35-49), the period identified to be HIV positive, the outcome of pregnancy and the PMTCT interventions including uptake of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) were investigated. Through single-factor and non-conditional logistic regression model, the factors influencing the utilization of PMTCT services were analyzed.

RESULTSOf HIV-infected pregnant women, 84.5% (4979/5894) were under 35 year-old, and 56.0% (3108/5552) of them were Han group and the percentage of peasant or unemployment was 85.1% (4727/5552). 86.8% (4815/5552) of these women had junior high school education or less, and the proportion of women knowing HIV infection before the pregnancy was 31.2% (1836/5894). Of HIV positive pregnant women, 31.7% (1869/5894) chose to terminate the pregnancy artificially, and the percentage was 43.8% (805/1836) among those knowing HIV infection before pregnancy. The proportion of the ARVs uptake among HIV positive maternities who delivered was 80.0% (3046/3808), while the percentage among those knowing HIV positive before pregnancy was 92.3% (883/957), which was much higher than it (75.9% (2163/2851)) among the pregnant women knowing HIV infection just during the pregnancy (χ(2) = 120.39, P < 0.05). The results of multivariate analysis showed that the proportion of ARVs' uptake was high among those HIV positive pregnant women knowing to be HIV-infected before pregnancy (versus knowing to be HIV-infected after the pregnancy, OR = 3.91 (95%CI: 3.03 - 5.05)) and age of 15 to 24 year-old (versus age of 35 - 49 year-old, OR = 0.75 (95%CI: 0.57 - 0.98)).

CONCLUSIONIt will promote the HIV-infected pregnant women to receive the PMTCT intervention services if they know their HIV sero-status before pregnancy.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; prevention & control ; psychology ; transmission ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; HIV Infections ; prevention & control ; transmission ; Humans ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical ; prevention & control ; Maternal Health Services ; utilization ; Middle Aged ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious ; prevention & control ; Prospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the mechanism of electroacupuncture at "Neiguan" (PC 6) antagonizing myocardial ischemia injury.

METHODSForty rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups, model control group, naloxone control group, electroacupuncture plus cerebral spinal fluid group, and electroacupuncture plus naloxone group, 10 rabbits in each group. The effects of electroacupuncture at "Neiguan" (PC 6) after injection of naloxone into the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus on myocardial ultrastructure, II lead ECG and transmembrane potentials of the ischemic myocardial cell in the rabbit of myocardial ischemia were investigated.

RESULTSThe injection of naloxone into PVN has no effect on myocardial functions in the normal rabbit and a little effect on ischemic myocardial functions, but at 60 min after myocardial ischemia, this has a certain protective action on myocardial functions (P < 0.05); electroacupuncture at "Neiguan" has obvious protective action on ischemic myocardium, which can be reduced by injection of naloxone into PVN (P < 0.05), but can not be blocked.

CONCLUSION(1) PVN plays an important role in the process of antagonizing myocardial ischemia by electroacupuncture at "Neiguan"; (2) endogenous opioid pepetides in PVN are involved in the acupuncture effect of antagonizing myocardial ischemia; (3) other transmitters in PVN and other nucleus groups in the center also can produce obvious effects in the antagonism to myocardial ischemia by electroacupuncture at "Neiguan".

Acupuncture Points ; Animals ; Electroacupuncture ; Humans ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Opioid Peptides ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus

Objective To study the diagnostic values of X-ray,CT and MRI for the hip joint lesion of the patient with ankylosing spondylitis (AS).Methods Totally 180 AS patients underwent the examinations of X-ray,CT and MRI from January 2014 to December 2015,and the hip joint lesion,clinical features and the efficacies of the three imaging techniques were observed.Results The rates for positive findings were 69.44％,71.11％ and 72.22％ respectively by X-ray,CT and MRI,and more than 90％ patients had the lesions occurred at the bilateral hip joints simultaneously.Hip joint lesion of AS had the imaging features of bone marrow and joint space changes,which related to the disease progress closely.Early positive signs consisted of medial joint space narrowing by X-ray,rear joint space narrowing by CT as well as bone marrow fat deposition (BMFD) and bone marrow edema (BME) by MRI.Conclusion X ray,CT and MRI all gain their advantages when used to diagnose the hip joint lesion of AS.X-ray behaves well in early diagnosis of medial joint space narrowing,while have disadvantages in displaying soft tissues and minute structures when compared with CT and MRI.CT displays the minute structure of hip joint clearly,and is not so good at soft tissue resolution as MRI.MRI gains the highest resolution for displaying soft tissues in the three techniques,and can show BMFD,BME and etc which can not be revealed by X-ray and CT.

0.05).In group Ⅱand Ⅲ,the carotid artery IMT was thicker and the amount of plagues were larger than those in group Ⅰ(P