AIM: To elevate the stability of the volatile oil in Jiufen Cataplasm (Semen strychni,Herba ephedrae,Oilbanum and Myrrha) with the help of inclusion with ?-Cyclodextrin. METHODS: The quality of the volatile oil in Jiufen Cataplasm before and after stability test was examined by thin layer chromatography and differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. RESULTS: The combination of volatile oil and ?-cyclodextrin could form stable inclusion compound that helped constant in before and after inclusion. CONCLUSION: The process of enclosure with ?-CD can keep the active components of the volatile oil in Jiufen Cataplasm.

Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease which is socioeconomically devastating and a significant cause of morbidity in endemic countries or regions. Some countries and regions have brought down the prevalence of schistosomiasis through positive prevention and control programs. However in the past few years with the social and economic development and globalization re?emergence and spread of schistosomiasis led to a growing concern that new endemic areas may occur. This article analyzes the epidemiological situation and the strategies to control schistosomiasis in China and African countries.

Objective To evaluate the contribution of gyrA and parE detection in Ureaplasma genotyping.Methods Sixty Ureaplasma isolates were selected with the Mycoplasma IST kit.The gyrA and parE were amplified by PCR.The DNA was sequenced and compared with the corresponding sequences in GenBank.Results The nucleotide sequence of gyrA had 100% identity in serovar 1,3,6,14 and 100%identity in serovar 2,4,5,7～13,too.But the sequence had 91%identity between the two groups.The nucleotide sequence of parE had 98%～99% identity in serovar 1,3,6,14.And it had 100% identity in erovar 2,5,7,8,11 and 100% identity in serovar4,12,13.But it had only 90% identity between the two groups.Ureaplasma parvum(Up),Ureaplasma urealyticum(Uu)and Up+Uu infection were found 68.3%(41/60),21.7%(13/60)and 10%(6/60) of clinical specimens,respectively.In Up isolates,serovar 3 was 48.8%(20/41).Conclusion Ureaplasma can be divided into two genotypes(Up and Uu)by gyrA analysis.And Up can be divided into four subtypes which correspond to serovar 1,3,6,14,respectively.Serovar 3 is the main isolate in our research.

Objective To investigate the role of autophagy in radiation-induced death response of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.Methods MTT method was used to detect cell viability of CNE-2 cells in different time after irradiation.Clonogenic survival assay was used to evaluate the effect of autophagy inhibitor (chloroquine phosphate) and autophagy inductor (rapamycin) on radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.Cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry.The expressions of LC3 and P62 were measured with Western blot.Cell ultrastructural analysis was performed under an electron microscope.Results Irradiation with 10 Gy induced a massive accumulation of autophagosomes accompanied with up-regulation of LC3-Ⅱ expression in CNE-2 cells.Compared with radiation alone,chloroquine phosphate (CDP) enhanced radiosensitivity significantly by decreasing cell viability (F =25.88,P ＜ 0.05),autophagic ratio (F =105.15,P ＜ 0.05),and LC3-Ⅱ protein level(F =231.68,P ＜0.05),while up-regulating the expression of P62 (F =117.52,P ＜ 0.05).Inhibition of autophagy increased radiation-induced apoptosis (F =143.72,P ＜ 0.05).Rapamycin (RAPA) also significantly decreased cell viability,but increased autophagic ratio and LC3-Ⅱ protein level while down-regulated the expression of P62.Induction of autophagy increased radiation-induced apoptosis(F =167.32,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Blockage of autophagy with CDP could enhance radiosensitivity in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells,suggesting that inhibition of autophagy could be used as an adjuvant treatment to nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the temporal and spatial distribution of Schistosoma infection of population and its risk factors in Eastern Dongting Lake area in 2012 and 2014,so as to provide the reference for formulating effective intervention mea-sures. Methods Junshan District was selected as a study field in Eastern Dongting Lake area. The method of spatial autocorre-lation analysis was applied to analyze the change of spatial distribution of Schistosoma infection in Junshan District in 2012 and 2014. The spatial regression model was fitted to detect the risk factors for human infection. Results The livestock infection rate in 2013 was lower than that in 2011. The average infection rate of schistosome was reduced to 0.55%in 2014. The spatial auto-correlation existed on the distribution of schistosomiasis in Junshan District in both 2012 and 2014 and 4 high incidence villages were identified. The results of the spatial error model showed that the prevalence of human infection was positively correlated with the infection rate of the livestock and the area of the susceptible environment in 2012. The spatial lag model showed that the prevalence of human schistosomiasis was positively correlated with the area of the susceptible environment ,but not with the in-fection rate of livestock. Conclusion The measures involving grazing prohibition and phasing out cattle and sheep are remark-ably effective and should continue on the basis of the current spatial distribution of schistosomiasis in this area.

This study is to investigate the anti-tumor effect in vitro of methotrexate modified by LH-RH peptide (LH-RH-MTX). LH-RH receptors highly expressing MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cell line and lowly expressing K562 human erythroleukemia cell line were served as the tested cells. The cell proliferation inhibition rates of LH-RH-MTX were detected by MTT colorimetric assay. The effects of LH-RH-MTX on the cell cycle and apoptosis rates were detected by flow cytometry. The inhibition rate of LH-RH-MTX on MCF-7 cells was much higher than that on K562 cells, and the inhibition rate of LH-RH-MTX on MCF-7 cells was much higher than that of free MTX at the same concentration. The inhibition rate of LH-RH-MTX on rat bone marrow mononuclear cells was less than that of free MTX. The number of MCF-7 cells in S phase increased after administration of LH-RH-MTX. The apoptosis rate of LH-RH-MTX group significantly increased compared with that of the control group and MTX group. The relative expression of LHRHR mRNA of LH-RH-MTX group markedly decreased compared with that of the control group and MTX group. LH-RH-MTX is realizable to reduce drug side effects, increase the therapeutic index and achieve tumor-targeted therapy.
Animals ; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; MCF-7 Cells ; Methotrexate ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, LHRH ; biosynthesis ; genetics

In order to investigate the antioxidant properties of the polysaccharides from the brown alga Sargassum fusiforme, the crude polysaccharides from S. fusiforme (SFPS) were extracted in hot water, and the lipid peroxidation inhibition assay exhibited that SFPS possessed a potential antioxidant activity. Hence, two purely polymeric fractions, SFPS-1 and SFPS-2 were isolated by the column of DEAE (2-diethylaminoethanol)-Sepharose Fast Flow, with their molecular weights of 51.4 and 30.3 kDa determined by high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC). They were preliminarily characterized using chemical analysis in combination of infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies and found to contain large amounts of uronic acids and beta-glycosidical linkages. The antioxidant activities of these two SFPS fractions were evaluated using superoxide and hydroxyl radical-scavenging assays. The results show that the antioxidant ability of SFPS-2 was higher than that of SFPS-1, probably correlating with the molecular weight and uronic acid content.
Antioxidants ; chemistry ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Molecular Weight ; Pilot Projects ; Polysaccharides ; chemistry ; Sargassum ; metabolism

Objective To compare the effects of hepatic vein occlusion with tourniquet and Satinsky clamp in reseeting liver tumor involving the second hepatic portal.Methods From Jan 2003 to Jun 2006,180 patients underwent major liver resection with the selective hepatic vascular exclusion (SHVE).According to methods of hepatic vein occlusion,they were divided into two groups:Occlusion with tourniquet(tourniquet group,n=95)and occlusion with Satinsky clamp(Satinsky clamp group,n= 85).In tourniquet group,the hepatic veins were encircled and occluded with tourniquet,and in Satinsky clamp group,the hepatic veins were not encircled and clamped directly with Satinsky clamp.Data regarding the intraoperative and postoperative courses of the patients were analyzed.Results There was no difference between the two groups regarding the operating time,ischemia time,intraoperative blood loss and postoperative complications rate.The dissecting time of hepatic veins was significantly shorter in Satinsky group(6.2?2.4 min vs 18.3?6.2 min).lu the tourniquet group,five hepatic veins(one fight hepatic vein and four common trunk of left-middle hepatic veins)could not be dissected and encircled because of the tumors involving the cava hepatic junction.Another patient's common trunk of left-middle hepatic vein was inadvertently lacerated during the dissection.Hepatic veins in these 6 patients were occluded with Satinsky clamp successfully.Conclusion Occlusion with Satinsky clamping is safer and easier procedure than tourniquets in the resection of liver tumor involving the second porta hepatis.

Aim To explore the mechanism of catechin in inhibiting Th2-driven inflammation responses of allergic asthma mice.Methods Female BALB/c mice were chosen to establish an allergic asthma model by sensitized and excited with OVA.Then,the administered group was intervened with catechin by series of dose (75,150,300 mg · kg-1).The proportion of peripheral leukocyte cells was analysed,and pathological changes in lung tissues were observed by HE dyeing.The levels of TSLP,IL-5,IL-13 in lung tissues and OVA specific IgE in mouse serum were measured using ELISA kit.NF-κB p65,IκB protein expression levels in lung tissues were investigated using Western blot,and NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation was detected with immunofluorescent technique.Results Catechin could not only effectively reduce the proportion of peripheral leukocyte cells,but relieve the levels of TSLP,Th2 inflammatory factor IL-5 and IL-13,and the activation of NF-κB signal pathway in lung tissues of allergic asthma mice.Conclusions Catechin can effectively relieve Th2 inflammation in allergic asthma mice induced by allergen OVA.The possible mechanism may be that it could reduce expression of TSLP by inhibiting the NF-κB signal.

PURPOSE: To describe the therapeutic effect and possibility of the ultra-early surgery for poor-grade aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (Hunt-Hess grades IV - V). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine cases with intracranial aneurysms, demonstrated by computed tomographic angiography (CTA), were treated by ultra-early surgery under general anesthesia within 24 hours from subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), 5 cases were treated within 6 hours and 4 cases in 6 - 24 hours. Preoperative Hunt-Hess grade: 6 cases were IV and 3 cases were V. The clinical outcome was evaluated by Glasgow Outcome Scores (GOS). RESULTS: In operation, difficult dissection occurred in 5 cases (55.6%), and rupture of aneurysm occurred and temporary obstructions were performed in 4 cases (44.4%). After clipping of aneurysm, 2 cases underwent V-P shunt because of hydrocephalus, pulmonary infection occurred in 3 cases, hypothalamus reaction accompanied with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in 2 cases. The clinical outcome were favorable (GOS 4 - 5) in 4 cases (44.4%), dissatisfied (GOS 2 - 3) in 3 cases (33.3%), and dead (GOS 1) in 2 cases (22.2%) when patients departed from our hospital. CONCLUSION: The ultra-early surgery can avoid early rebleeding of intracranial aneurysm, therefore, should be considered in the treatment of Hunt-Hess grade IV-V intracranial aneurysms. The appliance of CTA can make it possible to use of ultra-early surgery and improve the therapeutic effect.
Adult ; Aged ; Cerebral Angiography ; Female ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm/pathology/*surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage/pathology/*surgery