OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of Shexiang Baoxin Pill (SBP) on coronary vasodilation by analysis of coronary angiography (CAG).

METHODSA consecutive cohort of 300 patients who underwent CAG between January 2013 and July 2013 were recruited and randomly assigned to 2 groups before operation. Patients in the SBP group sublingually took SBP, while those in the control group sublingually took placebos. All patients repeatedly underwent CAG 5 min after administration. The vascular diameter was calculated by quantitative angiography analysis method. The diameter of the left anterior descending coronary artery was measured in patients whose coronary arteries had no stenosis. The narrowest vascular diameter was measured in patients whose coronary arteries had stenosis. The heart rate, blood pressure, and the vascular diameter were compared between before and after administration in the two groups.

RESULTSIn the two groups, there was no significant difference in changes of heart rate, systolic pressure, or diastolic pressure between before and after administration (all P > 0.05). There were 64 patients with normal CAG in the two groups, 30 in the control group and 34 in the SBP group. CAG showed there were 236 patients with stenotic coronary artery, 110 in the control group and 126 in the SBP group. The vascular diameter was obviously larger in patients in the SBP group with normal or abnormal CAG after administration (all P < 0.01). It was also obviously larger than that of the control group after administration (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSBP could dilate both normal coronary artery and lesioned coronary arteries, but did not lead to fastened heart rate and decreased blood pressure.

Blood Pressure ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Vessels ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Tablets ; Vasodilation ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical efficacy of Shugan Yiyang Capsules in the treatment of asthenospermia and its action mechanisms.

METHODSWe randomly assigned 135 asthenospermia patients to groups A (n = 47), B (n = 45), and C (n = 43) to be treated with Shugan Yiyang Capsules, oral levocarnitine, or combination of the two. We observed sperm quality and the level of α-glucosidase in the seminal plasma before and after medication.

RESULTSThe total effectiveness rate was 70.21% in group A (markedly effective in 16 cases and effective in 17), 68.89% in group B (markedly effective in 15 cases and effective in 16), and 83.72% in group C (markedly effective in 16 cases and effective in 20), significantly higher in C than in A and B (P < 0.05). Both sperm quality and the level of α-glucosidase in the seminal plasma were improved in the three groups of patients, most obviously in group C.

CONCLUSIONShugan Yiyang Capsules can be used for the treatment of asthenospermia, and its effect can be enhanced in combination with oral levocarnitine.

Asthenozoospermia ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; Biomedical Research ; Capsules ; Carnitine ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Semen ; enzymology ; Spermatozoa ; alpha-Glucosidases ; analysis

AIMTo investigate the effect of interleukin-8 (IL-8) on the differentiation and clonal expansion of 3T3-L1 preadipocyte during the differentiation period.

METHODSThe morphological changes of 3T3-L1 cells during differentiation after the treatment of IL-8 was observed by Oil-Red O staining. Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activity was measured by a spectrophotometric method. MTT method and 3H-TdR incorporation were applied to examine the changes of cell proliferation and DNA synthesis in clonal expansion of 3T3-L1 cells. Cell cycle analysis was taken by flow cytometry.

RESULTSIL-8 could inhibit the differentiation and GDPH activity in a dose dependent manner. IL-8 decreased the cell proliferation and DNA synthesis in clonal expansion after induction. Also, the proportion of cells in G1 phase was increased and that of cells in S and G2 phase was declined after the treatment of IL-8.

CONCLUSIONIL-8 inhibits the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes by decreasing the clonal expansion of the cells.

3T3-L1 Cells ; Adipocytes ; cytology ; metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Interleukin-8 ; pharmacology ; Mice

Objective:To explore the predictive value of admission serum homocysteine levels and quantitative electroencephalogram (qEEG) indicators for adverse outcomes in patients with cerebral hemorrhage.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 89 patients, who were collected as the study objects with hemorrhagic stroke treated in the neurology intensive care unit at Kailuan General Hospital from January 2017 to December 2022. Patients were categorized into two groups based on modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores at discharge: a good prognosis group (mRS≤2) and a poor prognosis group (mRS 3-6). Clinical data and qEEG monitoring of various brain regions were collected. The impact factors of hemorrhagic prognosis were analyzed using multifactorial logistic regression. ROC curve analysis was performed to assess the predictive value of qEEG and admission homocysteine levels for adverse outcomes in hemorrhagic stroke patients.Results:(1) The age of the poor prognosis group was higher than that of the good prognosis group((66.51+13.64) to (60.53+11.69), t=2.15, P=0.034) and admission serum homocysteine levels were significantly higher in the poor prognosis group than in the good prognosis group (17.28(15.52,24.72)mmol/L to 14.50(10.28,16.00)mmol/L, Z=4.14, P<0.001). (2) In the poor prognosis group, power values of δ brain waves in leads Fp1-2, F4, C4, P4, F8, and T4 were higher than those in the good prognosis group (87.99(41.57,196.69) to 50.67(26.64,54.75), Z=2.76, P=0.006); (79.17(40.71,200.00) to 45.06(20.22,61.00), Z=2.10, P=0.036); (72.64(34.97,219.78) to 34.42(19.81,63.4), Z=2.03, P=0.043); (65.06(33.36,177.45) to 28.12(15.88,63.36), Z=2.08, P=0.038); (52.92(25.64,187.91) to 23.61(11.67,43.26), Z=2.21, P=0.027); (66.67(32.56,180.76) to 36.31(17.2,53.78), Z=2.46, P=0.014); (57.30(25.24,127.04) to 29.57(11.91,41.89), Z=2.26, P=0.024). Power values of θ brain waves in leads Fp1-2, F3, F4, C3, C4, P3-4, O1, F7-8, and T3-4 were higher in the poor prognosis group(77.45(47.63,138.72)比35.88(20.92,44.81), Z=3.50, P<0.001); (77.05(35.16,120.22) to 38.74(19.86,58.09), Z=2.27, P=0.023); (85.24(52.53,147.90) to 35.42(14.7,52.59), Z=2.61, P=0.009); (75.81(37.90,124.97) to 36.85(17.92,55.43), Z=2.30, P=0.021); (72.00(43.92,123.54) to 28.37(14.02,51.9), Z=2.22, P=0.027); (67.08(32.01,104.05) to 31.32(17.98,45.28), Z=2.10, P=0.035); (55.33(32.29,94.30) to 25.64(11.87,34.01), Z=2.24, P=0.025); (48.84(20.64,96.28) to 19.85(9.83,28.58), Z=2.30, P=0.022);(48.46(25.06,81.78) to 23.95(8.80,29.16), Z=2.51, P=0.012); (64.46(39.38,112.44) to 26.85(15.74,39.58), Z=2.80, P=0.005); (65.68(31.78,102.00) to 31.09(15.98,46.96), Z=2.38, P=0.017); (45.26(28.34,73.14) to 21.45(10.57,36.59), Z=2.04, P=0.042); (43.50(22.58,78.67) to 25.45(11.91,32.26), Z=2.22, P=0.027). Power values of slow-wave index in leads Fp1-2, F3-4, C3-4, P4, F7-8, and T4, as well as the overall brain average, were higher in the poor prognosis group (6.64(2.98,10.42) to 3.65(2.31,4.30), Z=2.65, P=0.01); (6.53(3.96,11.65) to 3.53(2.56,4.51), Z=2.30, P=0.022); (7.38(4.62,13.12) to 3.83(1.70,4.71), Z=2.38, P=0.017); (5.88(4.02,12.15) to 3.18(2.21,4.46), Z=2.29, P=0.022); (6.13(3.83,11.22) to 2.97(1.53,4.58), Z=2.01, P=0.044); (6.07(3.53,9.39) to 2.74(2.00,3.81), Z=2.40, P=0.016);(4.11(2.51,9.23) to 2.18(1.37,2.82), Z=2.25, P=0.024); (5.71(3.81,10.44) to 3.22(1.86,4.04), Z=2.28, P=0.023); (6.00(3.65,10.37) to 3.04(2.00,4.00), Z=2.39, P=0.017); (4.08(2.56,8.33) to 2.08(1.60,3.14), Z=2.50, P=0.013), with significant statistical differences noted (5.45(3.31,10.08) to 3.17(2.02,4.88), Z=3.62, P=0.005). (3) Logistic regression results showed that admission homocysteine levels ( OR 1.311,95% CI 1.008-1.705, P=0.044), admission NIHSS scores ( OR 1.588,95% CI 1.074-2.349, P=0.020), and overall brain average slow-wave index were influencing factors for poor prognosis in cerebral hemorrhage ( OR 8.596,95% CI 1.088-67.889, P=0.041). (4) ROC curve analysis revealed that the AUC for predicting adverse outcomes in cerebral hemorrhage was 0.768 (95% CI (0.665, 0.872)) for admission homocysteine levels, 0.743 (95% CI (0.634, 0.852)) for the overall brain average slow-wave index, and 0.896 (95% CI (0.827, 0.965)) for admission NIHSS. The cutoff values were 15.67, 3.62, and 8.5, respectively. Sensitivity was 77.8%, 71.1%, and 68.9%, and specificity was 59.4%, 68.7%, and 100%, respectively. The Youden indices were 0.372, 0.398, and 0.689. Conclusion:In the acute phase of cerebral hemorrhage, electroencephalographic physiological changes manifest shows an increase in the δ, θ, and slow-wave index throughout the entire brain. Higher admission homocysteine levels suggest a worse prognosis in patients with cerebral hemorrhage. Admission homocysteine levels and overall brain average slow-wave index have certain predictive value for adverse outcomes in acute cerebral hemorrhage.

Genomics ; Humans ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; genetics ; Protein Array Analysis ; Quality Control

To explore the possible linkage between telomerase and acute leukemia, we detected telomerase activity expressed in 3 leukemia cell lines, 22 acute leukemia bone marrow and 6 normal bone marrow with PCR ELISA assay. Results showed that telomerase activities of three leukemia cell lines were positive with the average (1.57 +/- 0.056) U, normal bone marrow samples average was (0.085 +/- 0.081) U, telomerase value from 22 acute leukemia patients was (0.512 +/- 0.294) U. Telomerase activity is higher expressed in acute leukemia than normal samples and decreased significantly after chemotherapy (P < 0.01). The results suggested that telomerase activity was related to some malignant diseases and might be used as a marker for tumor diagnosis and therapy.

BACKGROUNDSurgical treatment options for patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension are complicated. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of a new treatment strategy, splenic auto-transplantation and oesophageal transection anastomosis. We report results from clinical observations, splenic immune function and portal dynamics in 274 patients.

METHODSFrom 1979 to 2005, 274 cirrhosis patients with portal hypertension underwent the new treatment strategy, and were followed up to compare results with those patients who underwent traditional surgical treatment. From 1999 to 2002, a randomized controlled trial (RCT) was performed on 40 patients to compare their post-operative immune function. From 1994 to 2006, another RCT enrolled 28 patients to compare portal dynamics using three-dimensional dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (3D DEC MRA) investigation post operation.

RESULTSAmong 274 patients (mean age 41.8 years), the emergency operative mortality (4.4%), selective operative mortality (2.2%), complication rate (17.9%), prevalence of hepatic encephalopathy (< 1%), rate of portal hypertension gastritis (PHG) bleeding (9.1%), and morbidity of hepatic carcinoma (8%) were similar to those patients undergoing traditional operation; the spleen immunology function (Tuftsin, IgM) decreased in both groups 2 months post operation, but this decrease did not reach statistical significance. Through 3D DCE MRA, the cross sectional area and the velocity and volume of blood flow of the main portal vein decreased significantly after operation in both groups. The velocity and volume of blood flow in the auto-transplantation group was significantly lower than that in the control group.

CONCLUSIONSSplenic auto-transplantation and esophageal transection anastomosis is a safe, effective, and reasonable treatment strategy for patients with portal hypertension with varicial bleeding. It not only can correct hypersplenism, but may also achieve complete hemostasis. Spleens auto-transplanted into the retroperitoneal space can preserve immune function and establish broad collateral circulation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anastomosis, Surgical ; Child ; Esophagus ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension, Portal ; immunology ; surgery ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Immunoglobulin M ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Spleen ; transplantation ; Transplantation, Autologous

Objective To investigate the correlation between interleukin-6 (IL-6) and future liver remnant (FLR) growth after associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS).Methods The retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted.The clinicopathological data of 15 patients who underwent ALPPS at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University between March 2017 and May 2018 were collected.Observation indicators:(1) intraoperative situations in the first staged ALPPS and the second staged ALPPS;(2) postoperative situations:① postoperative complications and duration of hospital stay,② results of pathological examination;(3) IL-6 concentration in the peripheral blood before and after operation;(4)follow-up situations.Follow-up using outpatient examination,telephone interview and internet was performed to detect life quality and survival of patients.Imaging examination was done to detect tumor recurrence and metastasis.Follow-up was done up to May 2018.Measurement data with normal distribution or similar normal distribution were represented as (x)±s.Measurement data with skewed distribution were described as M (range).Repeated measures data were analyzed by the repeated measures ANOVA.Correlation comparison was done using Pearson bivariate correlation test.Results (1) Intraoperative situations.① The first staged ALPPS:15 patients had liver parenchymal transection via anterior approach combined with selective hepatic vascular exclusion,without allogenic blood transfusion.The operation time,volume of intraoperative blood loss,FLR at postoperative 16 days,interval time to the second staged ALPPS,growth rate of liver volume,ratio of FLR and standard liver volume (SLV) were respectively 324 minutes (range,240-387 minutes),356 mL (range,200-600 mL),(582± 134) cm3,24 days (range,9-34 days),35％±20％ and 53％±7％.② The second staged ALPPS:of 15 patients,13 underwent the second staged ALPPS successfully including 11 undergoing middle hepatic vein preserved right hepatectomy and 2 undergoing expanded right hemihepatectomy or right trisegmentectomy,1 underwent transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) due to FLR/SLV =31％,1 was detected yellow-white nodules at left lobe and confirmed as hepatocellular carcinoma by frozen section pathological examination,and then improved and discharged after 5-FU abdominal local chemotherapy combined with postoperative TACE.The operation time,volume of intraoperative blood loss of 13 patients undergoing the second staged ALPPS were 324 minutes (range,140-515 minutes) and 639 mL(range,100-1 400 mL).Two patients had blood transfusion including 1 with 800 mL of fresh frozen plasma and 4.0 U of red cells and 1 with 600 mL of plasma and 9.5 U of de-leucocytes and red cells.(2) Postoperative situations.① Postoperative complications and duration of hospital stay:15 patients had no perioperative death,9 and 6 were detected grade A and grade B liver failure respectively,15 had grade Ⅰ complications of Clavien-Dindo classification and no patient had grade Ⅱ and above complications,10 had pleural effusion including 1 with volume of effusion ＞500 mL.Of 13 patients undergoing the second staged ALPPS,4 and 9 were detected grade A and grade B liver failure respectively,8 and 5 had grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ complications of Clavien-Dindo classification and no patient had grade Ⅲ and above complications,11 had few pleural effusion with volume of effusion ＜500 mL.Patients with grade B liver failure and grade Ⅱ complications were recovered and discharged after treatments of liver protection,gastric protection,reinforced dressing change,continuous use of Alb,fresh frozen plasma transfusion.The patient with volume of pleural effusion ＞ 500 mL was improved after closed thoracic drainage and other patients with pleural effusion were improved after symptomatic and supportive treatment.Duration of total hospital stay was 31 days (range,22-49 days) in 15 patients.② Results of pathological examination:13 patients undergoing complete ALPPS were diagnosed as hepaticocellular carcinoma with R0 resection and without cancer cells involving surgical margin,including 7 with grade Ⅱ portal vein tumor thrombus.Ishak score for postoperative pathological fibrosis and liver cirrhosis was 7.7±1.4 in 15 patients,including 1 case of 5,1 case of 6,2 case of 7,6 case of 8,5 case of 9.(3) IL-6 concentration in the peripheral blood before and after operation:IL-6 concentration in the peripheral blood before surgery was (8±3)ng/L in 15 patients,and (207±150)ng/L,(104±65)ng/L,(45±38)ng/L,(26±9)ng/L,(18±10)ng/L at 1,3,5,7,10 days after the first staged ALPPS,showing a statistically significant difference in changing trend before and after surgery (F=25.877,P＜0.05) and statistically significant differences in paired comparison between 1,3,5,7,10 days after the first staged ALPPS and before surgery respectively (P＜0.05).There was correlation between IL-6 concentration in the peripheral blood at 1,3 days after the first staged ALPPS and growth of FLR (r=0.766,0.881,P＜0.05),and also between IL-6 concentration in the peripheral blood at 1,3 days after the first staged ALPPS and growth rate of FLR (r =0.810,0.879,P＜ 0.05).(4) Follow-up:15 patients were followed up for 1-14 months with a median time of 7 months.Of the 15 patients,1 without the second staged ALPPS died of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome at 7 months after the first staged ALPPS,14 survived and took care of theirselves in daily life during follow-up with improved life quality,including 1 detected multiple lung metastases at 12 months after complete ALPPS with mild increased AFP and 13 undetected new lesions in the remnant liver on contrast-enhanced CT and liver contrast-enhanced ultrasonography with normal AFP.Conclusion The peak of IL-6 concentration in peripheral blood at 1,3 days after the first staged ALPPS is significantly correlated with the hyperplasia of FLR,which may be used to predict the hyperplasia of FLR.

BACKGROUND:Astrocytes are the most abundant cells in the central nervous system,and various subsets of astrocytes are heterogeneous,performing a variety of special functions.Single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)technology developed in recent years has extended our understanding of astrocyte heterogeneity from the perspective of transcriptome profiling. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the heterogeneity of scRNA-seq technology in different time and space,and pathological states and expand our knowledge of astrocyte heterogeneity on both molecular and functional levels. METHODS:The relevant articles on astrocyte heterogeneity and scRNA-seq were searched on PubMed,Elsevier,and CNKI databases.The search terms were"astrocytes,scRNA-seq,heterogeneity,Alzheimer disease,spinal cord injury,multiple sclerosis"in Chinese and English.Finally,74 articles were selected for viewing after screening according to inclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:scRNA-seq studies related to the heterogeneity of astrocytes have shown that astrocyte is significantly heterogeneous across four aspects:species,developmental stage,central nervous system region,and pathological state.(1)Unique expression of certain genes occurs in astrocytes of different species,and the discovery of species-specific genes is beneficial for the translation of clinical studies.(2)During astrocyte development,differential gene expression emerged in the cellular subtypes identified at each stage,which further refined the cellular lineage of astrocytes and laid the foundation for the study of astrocyte developmental trajectories and mechanisms.(3)The discovery of differential gene expression allows regional localization of different astrocyte subpopulations and assists in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases.(4)Astrocyte heterogeneity revealed by scRNA-seq can provide specific markers at the time of disease diagnosis and identify potential therapeutic targets.(5)The heterogeneity of astrocytes exists in many aspects,interacts with each other and is complex.The mechanisms of its generation,maintenance and transformation remain unclear.At present,molecular research on the single-cell level is still lacking.Linking transcriptionally defined astrocyte subpopulations to cellular activity,behavior and disease markers in real time remains one of the great challenges in the field.

Up to December of 2011, the domestic and overseas literatures of acupuncture for smoking cessation are searched and collected through Pubmed, CNKI, Wanfang and Chongqing VIP databases, which are analyzed from treatment method, action mechanism, influencing factors of efficacy and efficacy evaluation research and so on. The result shows that (1) acupuncture has positive effect on smoking cessation, and large clinical trials has been carried out. However, most of them are needling methods and the short-term effect observation, which lack of long-term efficacy research of withdrawal symptoms, especially continuous withdrawal symptoms and index of life quality. (2) Because of unified clinical treatment, manipulation standard and curative effect criteria, it is difficult to make comparison among them. (3) The study of mechanism on acupuncture for smoking cessation is not of in-depth. In future, clinical research project of acupuncture on smoking cessation should be optimized and regulated, including the unified treatment, manipulation standard and curative effect criteria, also long-term researches with large-scale samples should be launched to confirm effect ofacupuncture for smoking cessation to further discuss its action mechanism.
Acupuncture Therapy ; trends ; Humans ; Internationality ; Smoking ; psychology ; therapy ; Smoking Cessation