Adult ; Burkitt Lymphoma ; genetics ; Chromosome Duplication ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8 ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, B-Cell ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Translocation, Genetic

Objective To explore the changes of pathogens and antibiotic susceptibility in a respiratory ward.Methods All pathogens isolated from patients in a respiratory ward from 2001 to 2005 and the drug susceptibility results were retrospectively analyzed.For patients with more than 1 isolates of the same species, only the first strain of pathogen was included for analysis. The isolation and identification procedure was based on guidelines for national clinical laboratories.The susceptibility test was performed by disk diffusion method.WHONET 5.3 software was used for statistical analysis.Results A total of 876 strains were analyzed.The majority was gram negative bacteria.MRSA prevalence was 72.4% and showed a trend of increase.No vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus or Enterococcus was detected.Streptococcus pneumoniae was highly resistant to macrolides.The non-sensitivity rate to penicillin was 25.5%-66.7% over years.The resistance rate to levofloxacin was 22.2%-27.3%.Enterobacter and Acinetobacter baumannii showed stable susceptibility to imipenem.ESBLs-producing Esche- richia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae accounted for 33.3%-38.9% and 14.3%-19.2% respectively.P.aeruginosa strains were relatively susceptible to ceftazidime, amikaein, cefoperazone-sulbactam, imipenem, piperacillin-tazobactam and cefepime. The sensitivity rate was 87%, 82.6%, 78.3%, 73.9%, 73.9% and 71.4% respectively in 2005.Conclusions The changes of pathogens and antibiotic resistance in the respiratory ward were consistent with the surveillance data in this country, which were influenced by underlying diseases, severity of illness and antibiotic use.Our data are useful for the guidance of rational use of antibiotics.

Objective:To clone and express the Staphylococcus aureus Efb(extracellular fibrinogen-binding protein) protein in Escherichia coli, to purify the expression product and prepare its functional antibody and to detect the functions of Efb protein for further studies on S.aureus infection.Methods: Efb gene was amplified by PCR using S.aureus NCTC-8325 genome DNA as template and cloned into the recombinant expression vectors pET28a. E.coli BL21(DE3) with the plasmid was induced with IPTG for protein production. The protein was purified by Ni~(2+) affinity chromatography. The function of Efb protein was determined by complement activity assay and inhibition ELISA.The polyclonal antibodies were prepared by immunizing the animals. Results: The purified recombinant Efb was obtained, which could inhibit the CH50 and AH50 effectively. The functional poly-antibodies of Efb were prepared.Conclusion:Efb could inhibit the classical pathway and alternative pathway of complement activation, and the antibodies against to Efb could block the inhibition of the classical pathway of complement activation induced by Efb.

Background Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications.Peroxiredoxin 6(Prx6) is a doubly-functional protein.and its ability to eliminate phospholipid hydroperoxides is essential. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamic expression of Prx6 in the retina of streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetes and explore its correlation with the progression of diabetic retinopathy. Methods Diabetes was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(STZ)in 48 clean Wistar rats.The rats were sacrificed at 1,2,and 4 months after the injection of STZ,and expressions of Prx6 protein and Prx6 mRNA in the retina was determined by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.Another 12 matched normal Wistar rats were used as the control group. Results The resuh of immunohistochemistry showed that Prx6 protein was expressed in the cytoplasm of the outer nuclear layer(ONL)and inner nuclear layer(INL)in normal rats,and low expression of Prx6 protein was observed in the ganglion cell layer (GCL).In the first month,Prx6 protein was strongly expressed in the INL and the ONL of diabetic rats.However.two and three months after STZ administration,the expression of Prx6 protein was absent in the retina,showing a considerable difference among different course groups(F=22 967.63,P＜0.05).Furthermore,the expression trend of Prx6 mRNA in the retina was similar to that of the Prx6 protein with a significant difference among different course groups(F=942.84,P＜0.05). Conclusion It is conceivable that normal maintenance of Prx6 expression may be important to the prevention of diabetic retinopathy.We hypothesize that oxidative impairments in the retina that develop over time may partly contribute towards the development of retinal dysfunction,which eventually leads to retinal degeneration during the progressive phase of STZ-induced diabetes in adult rats.

OBJECTIVETo assess the clinical efficacy of the therapeutic schema for treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) with ligustrazine and citicoline injection in combination.

METHODSAdopting double-centered randomized controlled trial, 300 patients were randomly assigned to 3 groups, who were treated respectively by ligustrazine plus citicoline (group A), ligustrazine alone (group B) and citicoline alone (group C). Clinical efficacy, symptomatic integral (SI), electromyogram ( EMG), blood sugar and blood lipids were assessed 4 weeks after treatment, and the clinical efficacy and SI were assessed at the end of 3-month follow-up.

RESULTSAfter 4-week treatment, improvements of blood sugar and blood lipids were seen in all the three groups, showing insignificant difference among them (P > 0.05). But the clinical efficacy, improvement of SI and EMG in group A were superior to those in group B and C (P < 0.05), while the difference between group B and C was insignificant. No severe adverse reaction was found. Results at the end of 3-month follow-up showed that the clinical efficacy in group A was still better than in the other two groups, so did the SI (6.39 +/- 2.04 vs 8.36 +/- 1.17 and 8.05 +/- 1.34, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe therapeutic schema of using ligustrazine and citicoline in combination is effective and safe for improving DPN, and worthy of clinical spreading.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Cytidine Diphosphate Choline ; therapeutic use ; Diabetic Neuropathies ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE To explore the antitumor effects of combined tanshinoneⅠ(TanⅠ),metformin (Met) and aspirin (Asp) on malignant melanoma in mice and the possible mechanisms. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were injected with 0.1 mL B16F10 cells(2.8×109L-1)to establish the subcutaneous trans-plantation tumor model at the right forelimbs axillary.Then,the mice were divided into 8 groups according to body mass,including model group, TanⅠgroup(20 mg·kg-1,ip),Asp group(210 mg·kg-1,orally in drinking water), Met group (70 mg·kg-1, orally in drinking water), Asp+Met group, TanⅠ+Asp group, TanⅠ+Met group and TanⅠ+Asp+Met group,10 mice in each group.Each mouse drank about 7 mL of water every day for a total of 18 d.The mouse body mass was measured every other day and the tumor diameter was calculated every day. The mice were sacrificed after treatment, the tumor mass was measured and the tumor inhibitory rates were counted. The histopathological changes of the liver and spleen were observed with HE staining. The percentage of lymphocytes in the tumor tissue such as CD8+T,CD4+T and Treg cells was detected by flow cytometry.Inflammatory factors such as interleukin-6 (IL-6),IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected by ELISA. RESULTS The body mass (including tumor mass)of mice in different groups increased during the experiment,but that of TanⅠ+Asp+Met group increased more slower than in model group(P<0.01).At the end of the experiment,no lesions were seen in any liver or spleen tissue by pathological observation,and the number of survivors was 8/10(model group),8/10(TanⅠgroup),7/10(Asp group),7/10(Met group),8/10(TanⅠ+Asp group), 8/10 (TanⅠ+Met group), 7/10 (Asp+Met group) and 5/10 (TanⅠ+Asp+ Met group), respectively. Compared with model group,there were no obvious changes in tumor volume or tumor mass in TanⅠ, Asp and Met groups and other two-two joint groups,but the tumor volume and tumor mass in TanⅠ+Asp+ Met group were significantly decreased (P<0.01, P<0.05), and the tumor inhibitory rate in this group was 46.2%.Compared with the model group,the percentage of CD8+T cells increased(P<0.05) in TanⅠ+Asp+Met group,but there were no significant changes in other groups.The contents of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α in tumor tissue of TanⅠ+Met group were much higher than in model group(P<0.01, P<0.05,P<0.05)and the content of IL-6 increased in TanⅠ+Asp+Met group(P<0.01).CONCLUSION Combination of TanⅠ,Asp and Met can effectively inhibit the growth of melanoma in mice,which may be related to the increasing percentage of CD8+T lymphocytes and IL-6 in tumor tissue.However there are possibly some side effects.

ObjectiveTo introduction of perforator flaps,muscle flaps pedicled by descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery,method and their clinical application that multiple soft tissue defects of hand are repaire by muliplefoliated tissue flap only branch lateral circumflex femoral artery.MethodsFifteen patients with multiple soft tissue defects of hand were repaired muliplefoliated tissue flap only pedicled bydescending branch lateral circumflex femoral artery.At first,the anterolateral thigh perforator flap was designed and harvested according to the soft tissue defects of hand, then the descending branch lateral circumflex femoral artery was dissected at the same time the segmented perforator flap,fascia lata flap,rectus femoris muscle flap, vastus lateralis muscle flap, vastus intermedius muscle flap and distal spatium intermusculare flap were harvested in need according to distance among soft tissue defects.The muliplefoliated tissue flap was harvested only pedicled by descending branch lateral circumflex femoral artery, at last muscle flaps and fascia lata flaps were covered by skin graft, so the multiple soft tissue defects of hand were repaired in one time.ResultsNo vascular crisis happened. All skin grafts survived well, the contour of all repaired soft tissue defects was good and protective feeling was recovered by skin grafts of all flaps. All cases were got follow-up and the range was from 6 to 20 months(the average was 8.7 months).Wound of donor site healed well, muscle strength of quadriceps and motion of knee were normal. Three cases were excellent,nine cases were well and 3 cases were good, according to upper extremity function evaluation criteria of Chinese Medical Society for the Surgery of the Hand, the rate of good was 80 percent.ConclusionMultiple soft tissue defects of hand can be repaired by muliplefoliated flap only pedicled by descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery. Its advantages included reduction of operation time and treatment, good recovery of hand contour and function. It is a good method to repair multiple soft tissue defects of hand.

Objective: To explore the effect of herb-partitioned moxibustion (HPM) on tight junctions (TJs) of intestinal epithelial cells in Crohn disease (CD) mediated by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)-myosin-light- chain kinase (MLCK) pathway. Methods: Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal control (NC) group, a model control (MC) group, an HPM group and a mesalazine (MESA) group, with 12 rats in each group. Trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) was administered to establish CD models. When the model was confirmed a success, the HPM group rats were treated with HPM at Tianshu (ST 25) and Qihai (CV 6), while the MESA group rats were given MESA solution by lavage. When the intervention finished, the colonic epithelial tissues were separated, purified and cultured in each group to establish the intestinal epithelial barrier model in vitro, and TNF-α was added (100 ng/mL) in the culture medium and maintained for 24 h to establish an increased epithelial permeability model. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was used to examine the permeability of the barrier; Western blot was used to observe the expressions of the proteins related to TJs of intestinal epithelial cells mediated by TNF-α-NF-κB-MLCK pathway; immunofluorescence staining was used to observe the expressions and distributions of tight junction proteins in the intestinal epithelium. Results: After TNF-α induction, compared with the MC+TNF-α group, the TEER value increased significantly in the HPM+TNF-α and MESA+TNF-α groups (both P<0.001); the expressions of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65, MLCK, myosin light chain (MLC), tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) and receptor interaction protein-1 (RIP1) decreased significantly (P<0.01 or P<0.05), and the expression of zinc finger protein A20 (A20) increased significantly (P<0.01); the expressions of occludin, claudin-1, zonula occludens protein 1 (ZO-1) and F-actin also increased significantly (all P<0.01). Compared with the MESA+TNF-α group, the expressions of MLC, occludin, claudin-1, ZO-1 and F-actin increased significantly in the HPM+TNF-α group (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Conclusion: HPM can protect or repair the damage of intestinal epithelial barrier in CD rats, which may be achieved through modulating the abnormal TJs in intestinal epithelium mediated by TNF-α-NF-κB-MLCK pathway.

Huperzine A is a potent,reversible,and blood-brain barrier permeable acetylcholinesterase irhibitor.The aim of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics,tolerability,and bioavailability of two formulations with the established reference formulation of huperzine A in a fasting,healthy Chinese male population.This was a randomized,single-dose,3-period,6-sequence crossover study.The plasma concentrations of huperzine A were determined by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.Tolerability was assessed based on subject interview,vital sign monitoring,physical examination,and routine blood and urine tests.The mean (SD) pharmacokinetic parameters of the reference drug were Cmax,1.550 (0.528) ng/mL;t1/2,12.092 (1.898) h;AUC0-72h,17.550 (3.794) ng.h/mL.Those of the test formulation A and test formulation B were Cmax,1.412 (0.467),1.521 (0.608) ng/mL;t1/2,12.073 (2.068),12.271 (1.678) h;AUC0-72h,15.286 (3.434) ng.h/mL,15.673 (3.586) ng.h/mL.The 90％ confidence intervals for the AUC0-72h and Cmax were between 0.80 and 1.25.No adverse events were reported by the subjects or found with results of clinical laboratory test.The test and reference products met the regulatory criteria for bioequivalence in these fasting,healthy Chinese male volunteers.All three formulations appeared to be well tolerated.

OBJECTIVETo report a rare variant of t(15;17), ins(17;15)(q21;q14q22) in an acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patient and the results of cytogenetic and molecular genetic studies.

METHODSChromosomes were prepared after 24 hours culture of bone marrow cells and peripheral blood cells. R-banding technique was used to analyze karyotypes. Chromosome painting analysis was performed using whole chromosome paints for chromosomes 15 and 17. PML-RAR alpha and RAR alpha-PML fusion transcripts were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTSKaryotypic analysis using both specimens from bone marrow and peripheral blood leukemic cells revealed 15q- and 17q+. Chromosome painting analysis confirmed that the karyotypic abnormality was ins(17;15). PML-RAR alpha fusion transcript (S type) was detected by RT-PCR, while RAR alpha-PML fusion transcript was not detected.

CONCLUSIONChromosome painting and RT-PCR are reliable methods for characterization of the insertion involving chromosomes 15 and 17 in APL patients.

Adult ; Chromosome Painting ; methods ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15 ; genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 ; genetics ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Male ; Neoplasm Proteins ; genetics ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transcription, Genetic ; genetics ; Translocation, Genetic