Abstract: Objective　To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture from 2012 to 2021, and to provide reference for formulating relevant prevention and control measures. Methods　The data of public health emergencies reported in Xishuangbanna from 2012 to 2021 were collected and analyzed through the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Results A total of 78 public health emergencies (including "Unrated" events) were reported in Xishuangbanna from 2012 to 2021. The highest 21 cases and the lowest 3 cases were reported every year. A total of 1 0374 cases were reported in 78 public health emergencies, involving a population of 1 703 049, with a morbidity of 609.14/100 000, 24 deaths, mortality of 1.41/100 000 and fatality rate of 231.35/100 000. The event level was mainly "general (level Ⅳ)" with 52 incidents, accounting for 66.67%, and 17 incidents of "major (level Ⅲ)", accounting for 21.79%. 51 cases were mainly infectious diseases, accounting for 65.39%. The peak periods for incidents were May-July and November-February of the next year; there were 39 incidents in schools, accounting for 50%, followed by 20 incidents in families, accounting for 25.64%. The top three reported cases were food poisoning (32.05%), chicken pox 17 (21.79%) and dengue fever 10 (12.82%). Among the 24 deaths in public health emergencies, 22 were caused by food poisoning. Wild bacteria poisoning and alcohol poisoning were the main causes of food poisoning, accounting for 45.83% and 37.5% of the total deaths, respectively. Conclusion Infectious diseases, especially respiratory diseases and food poisoning are the focus of the prevention and control of public health emergencies in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, of which Schools and families should be pay close attention. Plague, a Class A infectious disease, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis has occurred in two inter-animal outbreaks in 10 years and spread to the population, which should be of great concern.

Objective To explore the changes of tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myelogenous leukemia(AML) and its clinical significance.Methods TNF-? in serum and CSF were measured by radioimmunoassay and CSF samples were obtained from 31 cases of childhood acute leukemia before treatment, on complete remission(CR), and continuous CR.Results Serum TNF-? was in ALL and AML before treatment [(24.35?4.84) pmol/L and(28.65?5.12) pmol/ L],which were significantly higher than those of healthy controls[(11.2 8? 1.69) pmol/L, P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protective effect of suppressive oligodeoxynucleotides (Sup ODN) on interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and signal transducers and activators of transcription (pSTAT4) expression of Silica-induced pulmonary inflammation in Mice.

METHODSSixty Balb/c mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, normal control group, silicious group, suppressive oligodeoxynucleotides (Sup ODN) group, control oligodeoxynucleotides (Con ODN) group. Except the normal control group injected normal saline, the rest groups were induced by the intratracheal instillation of 0.1 ml (5 g/L) of sterilized silica suspension. Sup ODN group and Con ODN group were treated by i.p. injection of 0.3 ml (1mg/mL) of suppressive or control ODN 3 h before silica administration. After 7 days, the animals were killed and levels of IFN-γ were detected by ELISA. The pathologic changes in lung tissues of mice were observed with HE staining. Expressions of IFN-γ and pSTAT4 in lung tissue were detected with immunohistochemistry and quantified by Image-Pro Plus 7.0.

RESULTSHE staining showed that the lung tissue of silicious group were damaged seriously than Sup ODN group. Compared with the normal control group (serum: (280.1±41.3) pg/ml, lung tissue: (0.249±0.373), IFN-γ increased in silicious group (serum: (886.3±81.7) pg/ml, lung tissue: (0.270±0.300) (P < 0.05). Compared with the normal control group and Con ODN group [(894.5±91.6) pg/ml], IFN-γ in the serum of Sup ODN group decreased significantly (P < 0.01). Compared with the silicious group , IFN-γ in lung tissue decreased in Sup ODN group (0.241±0.250) (P < 0.05). Compared with the normal control group (0.279±0.353), pSTAT4 in lung tissue increased significantly in silicious group (0.313±0.231) (P < 0.01). Compared with the silicious group, pSTAT4 in lung tissue decreased significantly in Sup ODN group (0.269±0.523) (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSup ODN attained protective effect on Silica treated mice by suppressing expression of IFN-γ and pSTAT4.

Animals ; Female ; Inflammation ; metabolism ; Interferon-gamma ; metabolism ; Lung ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; pharmacology ; Phosphorylation ; STAT4 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Silicon Dioxide ; toxicity

AIMTo establish a simple method for molecular identification of original plants of D. chrysanthum and D. fimbriatum using molecular marker rDNA ITS region.

METHODSRestriction patterns of ITS fragments were obtained using PCR-RFLP method. The PCR products of D. chrysanthum and its morphologically allied species were digested at 37 degrees C by Cla I and Apa LI, those of D. fimbriatum and its morphologically allied species were digested by Sph I.

RESULTSD. chrysanthum, D. fimbriatum and their morphologically allied species could be identified by predicted restriction profiles of PCR-RFLP. The botanical origin of twenty-five fresh samples of "Shihu" collected in markets was identified by this method.

CONCLUSIONThe results showed that PCR-RFLP analysis of the rDNA ITS region is a feasible, simple and inexpensive method for determining the botanical origin of the traditional Chinese medicine "Shihu".

DNA, Plant ; analysis ; DNA, Ribosomal ; analysis ; Dendrobium ; classification ; genetics ; Drug Contamination ; Plants, Medicinal ; classification ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Species Specificity

Ten compounds, including seven sesquiterpenes, two phenols and one phenylpropanoid, were isolated from the roots of Illicium majus by means of silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20, and preparative HPLC. On analysis of MS and NMR spectroscopic data , their structures were established as cycloparviflorolide (1), cycloparvifloralone (2), tashironin (3), tashironin A (4), anislactone A(5), anislactone B (6), pseudomajucin (7), syringaldehyde (8), methyl-4-hydroxy-3, 5-dimethoxybenzoate (9), and (E)-3-methoxy-4,5-methylenedioxycinnamic alchol (10), respectively. Compounds 1-4 and 8-10 were first isolated from this plant. In the in vitro assays, at a concentration of 1.0 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1), compounds 5 and 6 were active against LPS induced NO production in microglia with a inhibition rate of 75.31% and 53.7%, respectively.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; chemistry ; Illicium ; chemistry ; Organic Chemicals ; analysis ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry

AIM:To evaluate the effects of atorvastatin (ATO) on atrial electrical remodeling in a rabbit mo-del of chronic atrial fibrillation (AF) produced by 3 weeks of rapid atrial pacing (RAP). METHODS:The sternotomy was performed and the pacing and testing electrodes were fixed to the left atria of 24 New Zealand white rabbits. The ani-mals were randomly divided into 3 groups. The rabbits in model group and ATO group were subjected to RAP for 3 weeks, and then were treated with placebo and ATO(2.5 mg·kg-1·d-1),respectively. The rabbits in sham group did not re-ceive RAP and drugs. Electrophysiological examination was performed to test heart rate, P-wave duration, atrial effective refractory period (AERP) and AF inducibility. The protein expression levels of Cav1.2, Kv4.3 and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were detected by Western blot. RESULTS:Sustained AF was induced in 5 and 4 rabbilts in model group and atorvastatin group and no rabbits in sham group was found. After 3 weeks of RAP, compared with sham group, heart rate and P-wave duration were increased and AERP was shortened in model group and ATO group(P<0.05). Compared with model group,AERP was increased in ATO group(P<0.05),while heart rate and P-wave duration had no difference be-tween these 2 groups. Compared with sham group, the protein levels of Cav1.2 and Kv4.3 were decreased, and protein level of MPO was increased in model group and ATO group (P<0.05). Compared with model group, Cav1.2 was in-creased and MPO was decreased in ATO group(P<0.05),while Kv4.3 had no difference between these 2 groups. CON-CLUSION:Atorvastatin suppresses the down-regulation of atrial Cav1.2 protein level and the shortening of AERP, thus preventing atrial electrical remodeling in a rabbit model of chronic AF. The effect of atrovastatin on reducing atrial MPO level may be the potential mechanism.

Adenine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Humans ; Liver ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organophosphonates ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

Objective: To explore the effect of herb-partitioned moxibustion (HPM) on tight junctions (TJs) of intestinal epithelial cells in Crohn disease (CD) mediated by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)-myosin-light- chain kinase (MLCK) pathway. Methods: Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal control (NC) group, a model control (MC) group, an HPM group and a mesalazine (MESA) group, with 12 rats in each group. Trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) was administered to establish CD models. When the model was confirmed a success, the HPM group rats were treated with HPM at Tianshu (ST 25) and Qihai (CV 6), while the MESA group rats were given MESA solution by lavage. When the intervention finished, the colonic epithelial tissues were separated, purified and cultured in each group to establish the intestinal epithelial barrier model in vitro, and TNF-α was added (100 ng/mL) in the culture medium and maintained for 24 h to establish an increased epithelial permeability model. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was used to examine the permeability of the barrier; Western blot was used to observe the expressions of the proteins related to TJs of intestinal epithelial cells mediated by TNF-α-NF-κB-MLCK pathway; immunofluorescence staining was used to observe the expressions and distributions of tight junction proteins in the intestinal epithelium. Results: After TNF-α induction, compared with the MC+TNF-α group, the TEER value increased significantly in the HPM+TNF-α and MESA+TNF-α groups (both P<0.001); the expressions of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65, MLCK, myosin light chain (MLC), tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) and receptor interaction protein-1 (RIP1) decreased significantly (P<0.01 or P<0.05), and the expression of zinc finger protein A20 (A20) increased significantly (P<0.01); the expressions of occludin, claudin-1, zonula occludens protein 1 (ZO-1) and F-actin also increased significantly (all P<0.01). Compared with the MESA+TNF-α group, the expressions of MLC, occludin, claudin-1, ZO-1 and F-actin increased significantly in the HPM+TNF-α group (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Conclusion: HPM can protect or repair the damage of intestinal epithelial barrier in CD rats, which may be achieved through modulating the abnormal TJs in intestinal epithelium mediated by TNF-α-NF-κB-MLCK pathway.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the phenotypic and functional characteristics of human adrenal microvascular endothelial cells (AdrEC).

METHODSAdrEC were isolated and purified from a sample of human adrenal tissue by sub-cell clone method. The cells identified by flow cytometry for classical endothelial markers von Willebrand factor (vWF) and CD31, uptake of Dil-labeled acetylated low density lipoprotein (Dil-Ac-LDL), as well as phenotypes. The cell fenestrations were checked by scanning electron microscopy. The expressions of endogenous vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA and protein were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunocytochemistry. The glucocorticoid-induced cytotoxicities in different organs-derived microvascular endothelial cells were compared.

RESULTSHuman AdrEC expressed those classical endothelial markers such as vWF, CD31, and uptake of Dil-Ac-LDL. The phenotypic analysis indicated that alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor, tumor necrosis factor receptor p55, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 were expressed in human AdrEC. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that there were many microvilli and fenestrations on cellular surface. RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry showed that there was expression of endogenous VEGF in AdrEC. In response to glucocorticoid-induced cytotoxicity, microvascular endothelial cells (MVEC) derived from human brain were highly susceptible, MVEC derived from human lung and human liver sinusoidal endothelial cells were sub-sensitive, while AdrEC were highly resistant.

CONCLUSIONHuman AdrEC are specially differentiated and have characteristics that are different from other organ-derived MVEC in phenotypes and functions.

Adrenal Glands ; blood supply ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; physiology ; Humans ; Phenotype ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; biosynthesis ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the stability of chlorogenic acid in extract of flos lonicerae in different conditions.

METHODThe stability of chlorogenic acid in extract of flos lonicerae in phosptat buffe with different pH values, methanol, ethanol and different base solutions(Ca(OH)2 and NaOH) was investigated by the classical isothermal method.

RESULTThe experiments showed the chlorogenic acid in extract of flos lonicerae was more stable in acidic water than in basic water. It was stable in these organic solutions and base solution[Ca(OH)2].

CONCLUSIONIn different conditions, the stability of chlorogenic acid in extract of flos lonicerae was different. It provided a reference to the extraction and analysis of chlorogenic acid and production of chlorogenic acid preparation.

Calcium Hydroxide ; Chlorogenic Acid ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drug Stability ; Flowers ; chemistry ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hydrolysis ; Lonicera ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Sodium Hydroxide ; Solutions ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods