Adult ; Dry Eye Syndromes ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Diseases ; Welding ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo test and compare the color and translucency between the mono-component light-cure adhesive resin and try-in paste with same number for porcelain veneer restorations, and evaluate the consistency of the materials.

METHODSVariolink Veneer and Relyx Veneer were involved in the study. The adhesive resins and try-in pastes were added into a model of diameter of 10 mm and thick of 2 mm with white background and covered with filtered cover glass, and then the resins was cured with light. The color (L(*), a(*), b(*)) of these samples was test and ΔE was also calculated to evaluate the color consistency of samples. The resins and try-in pastes were made into a thin layer of 0.15 mm, and their translucency was tested under the light from 380 µm to 780 µm. Average translucency was calculated. Tukey t-test for multiple comparisons was used to analysis the differences of ΔE. Paired t-test was used to analysis the differences of translucency of them.

RESULTSTukey's t-test shows that the evaluation of ΔE of TR (1.11 ± 0.18) was a; those of LV-1 (6.38 ± 0.45), LV-2 (5.94 ± 0.19), A1 (7.54 ± 0.20), WO (4.24 ± 1.14) were b; those of HV + 2 (10.90 ± 0.41), HV + 1 (11.48 ± 0.17), LV-3 (10.69 ± 0.13), B0.5 (13.26 ± 0.21) were c; and those of HV + 3 (21.94 ± 0.21), MV0 (29.78 ± 0.14), A3 (32.67 ± 0.19) were d (a, b, c, d meaned that the consistency of resin and try-in paste became lower and lower). There were significant differences between resin and tray-in paste in 7 colors (A1, TR, HV + 3, HV + 2, HV + 1, LV-2, LV-3) of 12 colors (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe consistency of color and translucency between most adhesive resin and try-in paste with same number is low. This kind of materials should be used with caution in demanding cases.

Based on the demand of nasal drug delivery high drug loadings, using the unique phase transfer of solute, integrating the phospholipid complex preparation and submicron emulsion molding process of Scutellariae Radix extract, the study obtained the preparation of the high drug loadings submicron emulsion of Scutellariae Radix extract. In the study of drug solution dispersion method, the uniformity of drug dispersed as the evaluation index, the traditional mixing method, grinding, homogenate and solute phase transfer technology were investigated, and the solute phase transfer technology was adopted in the last. With the adoption of new technology, the drug loading capacity reached 1.33% (phospholipid complex was 4%). The drug loading capacity was improved significantly. The transfer of solute method and timing were studied as follows,join the oil phase when the volume of phospholipid complex anhydrous ethanol solution remaining 30%, the solute phase transfer was completed with the continued recycling of anhydrous ethanol. After drug dissolved away to oil phase, the preparation technology of colostrum was determined with the evaluation index of emulsion droplet form. The particle size of submicron emulsion, PDI and stability parameters were used as evaluation index, orthogonal methodology were adopted to optimize the submicron emulsion ingredient and main influential factors of high pressure homogenization technology. The optimized preparation technology of Scutellariae Radix extract nasal submicron emulsion is practical and stable.
Administration, Intranasal ; Emulsions ; Plant Extracts ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

Objective To explore the possible mechanism and protective effect of Xuebijing injection (血必净注射液)and dexamethasone on rats with paraquat-induced chronic pulmonary injury.Methods Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups:normal group(n=5),model group(n=5), treatment groups(n=20).In the normal group,normal saline was used,while in the other groups,20% paraquat 80 mg/kg was injected peritoneally for poisoning.After 2 hours of intoxication,low dose Xuebijing injection(1.25 g/kg),high dose Xuebijing injection(2.50 g/kg),dexamethasone(25 mg/kg),high dose Xuebijing injection combined with dexamethasone(combined group)respectively were administered into the four different treatment groups,equal amount of normal saline was given to the normal and model groups,and the treatment continued for 4 days.At 28 days after paraquat injection,5 rats in each group were killed respectively,serum transforming growth factor-?1(TGF-?1)and hydroxyproline(HYP)level in the lung homogenate were measured,and pulmonary coefficient and histological changes were observed.Results In the treatment groups,the levels of serum TGF-?1 and lung tissue HYP,pulmonary coefficient were leas than those of model group,and among the treatment groups,combined group had the best results(all P

Objective To explore the relationship between MspⅠpolymorphism of CYP1A1 gene and susceptibility to breast cancer in Yi nationality in Yunnan province. Methods The gene polymorphism of restriction enzyme of 3′-terminal of CYP1A1 was detected by PCR-RFLP in 60 healthy Yi women , 51 Yi women with breast cancer, 235 healthy Han women, and 250 Han women with breast cancer. Results The distribution frequency of CYP1A1-MspⅠgenotypes was significantly higher in Yi women with breast cancer (51.0%) than in the healthy Yi women (33.3%) (P < 0.05), an the allele C had a higher frequency in women with breast cancer than in healthy controls (P < 0.05). Significant differences of frequencies were found in genotypes TT, TC and CC between women with breast cancer and healthy controls (P < 0.05). The risks of TC and CC for breast cancer were 1.19 and 1.95 folds respectively to TT genotype. But as compared with Yi women , the distribution frequency of CYP1A1-MspⅠ genotypes did not differ between Han women with breast cancer and in the healthy control (P > 0.05), and there were no differences in three genotype frequencies (P > 0.05). Conclusions Gene polymorphism of CYP1A1 genotypes may be associated with the risk of breast cancer in Yi nationality but not in Han nationality in Yunnan. The mutation of CYP1A1 gene may increase the incidence of breast cancer in Yi nationality.

Objective To explore the association between psychiatric disorders and socioeconomic status such as education,income,employment and area of community settings in Zhejiang province.Methods Data were from the epidemiological survey of mental illnesses aged 15 and older in 2001(n=14 632).Psychiatric disorders were measured by GHQ-12 with a cut-point 4.Logistic multilevel analysis was the main statistical method being used.Results The overall prevalence of psychiatric disorders was 18.5%(95% confidence intervals,17.9% to 19.1%),higher than the data from Hebei province(u=4.39,P＜0.001).Annual household income and employment were strongly associated with psychiatric disorders especially for those with low income(odds ratio 3.45,95%CI:1.72-6.67)and unemployment(odds ratio 2.03,95%CI:1.73-2.40).Factors as regional effect and education level showed weak or inconsistent association with psychiatric disorders after controlling on other indicators.Conclusion Inverse gradient relation between psychiatric disorders and SES seemed as the main result of low SES individual characteristics and some minor effects at the county level.

Three butylphthalide derivatives were isolated from the Rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong using a series of isolation and purification approaches including macroporous resin, ODS-A column, Sephadex LH-20 and preparative HPLC. These structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic data (UV, IR, HR-ESI-MS and NMR) and identified as (3Z,3aE)-(6R,7R,2'S)-6-hydroxy-7-(2-carboxyl-2-hydroxyethylthio)-3-(2-hydroxybutylidene)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-phthalide (1), (3Z,3aZ)-3-butylidene-6,7-dihydroxy-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-phthalide 7-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-fructo-furanoside (2) and 3-(3-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-butylidene)-7-hydroxy-phthalide (3).

Objective To summarize and analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 Omicron variant cases in makeshift hospital, and the influence of age, sex and vaccination status on the disease duration, so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic. Methods The epidemiological and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 cases admitted to makeshift hospital of National Convention and Exhibition Center (Shanghai) from April 9 to May 31, 2022 were retrospectively described and analyzed, and further cohort analysis was conducted to determine the influence of age, sex and vaccination status on the disease duration of COVID-19 cases in the author's branch hospital. Results Among the 174 466 COVID-19 cases in makeshift hospital, most of them were male, accounting for 59.38%. The infected cases were mainly young and middle-aged people aged 18-59 years old, accounting for 83.50%, followed by 12.30% of the elderly group over 60 years old; the average hospital stay was 7.40 days; the proportion of patients with fever was less than 27.79%; 15.37% (26 817/174 466) of the patients complicated with underlying diseases, and the top three were hypertension, diabetes and coronary heart disease. The proportion of people who received COVID-19 vaccine accounted for 79.56% (13 799/17 956), of which the highest proportion of three doses was 44.09%. The disease duration of 17 956 COVID-19 cases in the author's branch of makeshift hospital was 10.18 (7.34, 13.05) days. The disease duration in the elderly group was the longest with 11.34 (8.35, 14.37) days, followed by 11.17 (9.07, 14.33) days in the preschool group, 10.37 (8.14, 13.34)· days in the middle-aged group, 10.07 (7.37, 12.37) days in the school-age group, and 9.34 (7.05, 12.16) days in the young group. There was significant difference in the overall distribution of disease duration among the five groups (H=550.479 P<0.01). The disease duration in each age group basically showed a V-shaped distribution. The disease duration was 10.27 (7.34, 12.57) days in males and 10.10 (7.25, 13.09) days in females, and there was no significant difference (Z=-1.505 P>0.05). The disease duration of vaccinated patients was 10.24 (7.35, 13.05) days, and that of unvaccinated patients was 9.47 (7.09, 12.47) days. There was significant difference between the two groups (Z=-4.338 P<0.01). Conclusions COVID-19 Omicron variant cases have a high proportion of males, mainly young and middle-aged, and the proportion of fever patients is less than 30%. The disease duration is significantly lower than that of the original strain in Wuhan, and shows "V" distribution with each age group. Sex had no effect on the disease duration. COVID-19 vaccination did not have a clinical effect on the disease duration.

Abstract: Transfection of Plasmodium falciparum is helpful to study the function of its genes, such as drug resistance. However, transgenic manipulation has been very challenging, mainly due to the high A/T base sequence structure (A+T content of about 82%) and low transfection efficiency of the Plasmodium genome. Electroporation-based transfection of Plasmodium falciparum has been successfully applied in the study of certain genes, and electroporation by preloading is currently the preferred method for introducing foreign DNA into Plasmodium falciparum. The site-directed editing of Plasmodium genes mostly adopts the method of two-plasmid transfection. It is generally believed that successful transfection of Plasmodium requires a large amount of high-purity plasmid DNA and an accurate transfection system. In addition to the evaluation of the current commonly used electrotransfection methods, this paper also introduces a new transfection method, namely lyse-reseal erythrocytes for transfection (LyRET). This paper also review the role of factors such as plasmid DNA concentration, the use of transfection reagents, the setting of transfection parameters, the addition of fresh red blood cells, and the markers of successful transfection in improving the success rate and efficiency of Plasmodium transfection, in the hope of providing a reference for study in this field.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of pre-restoration bleaching treatment on tensile strength of resin bonding agents to deep enamel and its duration, and to estimate the optimal timing of porcelain veneers bonding operation after bleaching treatment.

METHODSA total of 96 extracted human permanent teeth were allocated into 6 groups, 16 teeth for each. In 5 study groups, 80 teeth were bleached using 35% hydrogen peroxide activated by cold light. Right after bleaching and at 1, 4, 7, and 14 days after bleaching, the teeth were prepared with removal of 0.6 to 0.8 mm depth of enamel respectively. And then each study group was divided into two subgroups and bonded with resin bonding agents A (One-step plus) and B (Single bond). In the control group, 16 unbleached teeth were divided into two subgroups and bonded with the two bonding agents respectively. The tensile bonding strength was measured.

RESULTSThe tensile strength was [(17.79 +/- 3.53) and (19.41 +/- 3.37) MPa], [(17.50 +/- 4.29) and (19.66 +/- 3.48) MPa], and [(18.39 +/- 3.58) and (19.53 +/- 3.21) MPa] right after bleaching 0 day, 1 day, and 4 days, which were significantly smaller (about 30%) than that of the control group [(25.94 +/- 4.88) and (28.02 +/- 4.36) MPa] (P < 0.001). At 7 days after bleaching the tensile strength [(22.46 +/- 3.98) and (23.74 +/- 5.04) MPa] reached 87% and 85% of that in the control(P > 0.01). At 14 days after bleaching treatment, the strength [(26.03 +/- 4.47) and (27.88 +/- 4.78) MPa] reached the same level as that in the control (P > 0.01). There was no significant difference in bonding tensile strength between the two resin bonding agents.

CONCLUSIONSThe bonding strength of resin bonding agents to deep enamel was low during 2 weeks after bleaching treatment. It is suggested that porcelain veneer bonding operation should be performed till 2 weeks after bleaching treatment.