OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical effects of essential hypertension treated with acupuncture at Siguan [Hegu (LI 4) and Taichong (LR 3)], Quchi (LI 11) and Xingjian (LR 2).

METHODSSixty cases of essential hypertension were randomly divided into an acupuncture group and a medication group, 30 cases in each group. Two groups of acupoint, which were (1) Siguan [Hegu (LI 4) and Taichong (LR 3)] and (2) Quchi (LI 11), Xingjian (LR 2), were selected alternatively in the acupuncture group, once everyday. In the medication group, captopril was prescribed for oral administration 25 mg per time, three times per day. Seven days made one session in both groups and totally three sessions were required.

RESULTS(1) After treatment, the blood pressure were decreased significantly in the two groups (all P < 0.01). Compared with the medication group, the diastolic pressure after 14 days, 21 days of treatment in the acupuncture group was decreased significantly (both P < 0.01). (2) In the terms of TCM syndrome score, the improvement of dizziness, soreness and weakness of waist and knees, palpitations was significant in the acupuncture group compared with that in the medication group(all P < 0.05). (3) The acupuncture group had less adverse reactions compared with the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture at Hegu (LI4) and Taichong (LR 3), Quchi (LI 11) and Xingjian (LR 2) can effectively decrease blood pressure; the effect of controlling diastolic pressure is better than captopril. It can also improve the symptoms of dizziness, soreness and weakness of waist and knees, and palpitations.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Blood Pressure ; Essential Hypertension ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Yin Deficiency ; therapy ; Yin-Yang

Objective To find out the current thyroid volume of school children and its influencing factors in Chongqing.Methods Probability sampling method(PPS) was used to select 30 counties in Chongqing in 2011.Forty children aged 8-10of 1 randomly selected school from every county chosen were enrolled in the study.Thyroid volume of children was examined by B-ultrasonograghy.Body height and body weight were measured.The relationship between gender,age,height and weight and thyroid volume was analyzed,respectively.Results One thousand three hundred and twenty-two children aged 8-10 were investigated.The median of thyroid volume was 3.53 ml.The goiter rate was 5.52％ (73/1322).Thyroid volume of female and male was 3.55 and 3.51 ml,respectively.There was no significant difference of thyroid volume between female and male (H =0.68,P ＞ 0.05).Thyroid volume of children aged 8,9 and 10 was 3.30,3.53 and 3.76 ml,respectively.There was a significant difference of thyroid volume among different age groups(H =52.49,P ＜ 0.01).Thyroid volume of children height (110-,120-,130-and ≥140 cm,respectively) was 2.96,3.22,3.59 and 4.13 ml.There was a significant difference of thyroid volume among different height groups (H =149.23,P ＜ 0.01).Thyroid volume of children weight(17-,20-,30-and ≥40 kg,respectively) was 2.71,3.31,3.91 and 4.74 ml.There was a significant difference of thyroid volume among different weight groups(H =138.44,P ＜ 0.01).For the coefficients of simple and partial correlation,there was a significant correlation between thyroid volume and age,height and weight (P ＜ 0.05).The Spearman coefficient was 0.2411,0.3950 and 0.4285,respectively.The partial correlation coefficient was 0.0640,0.1154 and 0.2319,respectively.The standard partial coefficient of age,height and weight was 0.640,0.1154 and 0.3410,respectively.The proportion of the standard partial coefficients was 1 ∶ 1.8 ∶ 5.3.The function of body weight to thyroid volume was 5.3 times that of age and 3.0 times that of body height.Conclusions The goiter rate of schoolchildren in Chongqing is relatively high.Thyroid volume is affected by age,body height and body weight.The relationship between thyroid volume and iodine nutrition needs further study.

Objective To approach the clinical presentation,treatment and diagnosis of primary seminal vesicle carcinoma.Methods The records of 4 patients who diagnosed seminal vesicle carcinoma were retrospectively reviewed,including the symptoms signs and examination results as well as operation program,postoperative therapy.Considered to the literature reports.Bilateral seminal vesicles,bladder, prostate and rectum were totally removed in one case.Seminal vosiculectomy and partial cystoprostotectomy were performed in 2 cases,and the another one,bilateral lower ureterectomy and ileum substitute bladder was be done.Results Followed up for 3 months to 5 years,and no recurrence had been observed so far, one died of colon cancer after 2 years.Conclusions Early symptoms of primary seminal vesicle carcinoma are unobvious,so that early diagnosis of seminal vesicle carcinoma is difficult and the misdiagnosis is so usually.Thus,accurate recognition is important for early diagnosis.Radical surgery appears to offer the best chance and different approaches can be selected according to tumor stage and invasive condition of the circumambient organ.Comprehensive treatment like hormonal therapy,along with the 5-fluorouracil,paclitaxel,and oxaliplatin chemotherapy regimen appears to be effective against adenocarcinoma.

Hypertension is a common complication after renal transplantation. Among post-transplantation patients died of cardiovascular diseases, about 41% have hypertension. Hypertension is an independent risk factor for kidney transplant failure. Post-transplantation hypertension can be caused by many factors, including the use of immunosuppressants. When the blood pressure exceeds 130/90 mmHg in a kidney transplant recipient, it is reasonable to provide active medical intervention. In summary, prevention and treatment of hypertension is important to prolong the survival of kidney transplant recipients.
Humans ; Hypertension ; diagnosis ; etiology ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Kidney Transplantation ; Postoperative Complications ; diagnosis ; etiology ; prevention & control ; therapy

Kidney transplantation has become an important method in treating advanced renal failure. Immunosuppressants play a key tool in this progress. It is important to understand the goal, mechanism, and adverse effects of immunosuppressive therapy, so as to appropriately use these drugs in post-transplantation patients on a customized basis.
Aftercare ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Kidney Transplantation ; Long-Term Care

OBJECTIVETo observe the influence of either alone or combined mixed-tocopherols combined with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and α-Tocopherol use on oxidized LDL (oxLDL) induced 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHDG) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and to explore the potential mechanism.

METHODCultured HUVECs in vitro were incubated with oxLDL, oxLDL + α-tocopherol, oxLDL + mixed-tocopherols, oxLDL + EPA, oxLDL + α-tocopherol + EPA, oxLDL + mixed-tocopherols + EPA for 24 hours, respectively. Secretion of 8-OHDG and IL-6 were detected by cell enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expressions of superoxide dismutase (SOD), protein kinase C-δ (PKC-δ), phosphorylated PKC-δ (p-PKC-δ) were analyzed by Western blot.

RESULTS8-OHDG and IL-6 secretion of HUVECs was significantly increased significantly after incubated with oxLDL for 24 hours which could be significantly attenuated in the presence of tocopherols and EPA (alone or in combination, all P < 0.05) while the strongest inhibition effects were seen with combined use of mixed-tocopherols and EPA. Moreover, combination of mixed-tocopherols and EPA could also significantly increase SOD activity and decrease PKC activity (all P < 0.05). However, the protein expression of SOD and PKC-was similar among groups.

CONCLUSIONCombined mixed-tocopherols + EPA use enhanced the inhibiting effects on the secretion of 8-OHDG and IL-6 in oxLDL stimulated HUVECs which might be linked with increased SOD activity and reduced p-PKC activity.

Antioxidants ; Cells, Cultured ; Deoxyguanosine ; analogs & derivatives ; secretion ; Eicosapentaenoic Acid ; pharmacology ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; secretion ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; adverse effects ; Protein Kinase C ; metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; alpha-Tocopherol ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of ulinastatin on lung injury in hemorrhagic shock rats.

METHODSTwenty-four normal SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=8), namely the control group, hemorrhagic shock group (group H) and ulinastatin group (group U). In group H and group U, blood was drawn from the femoral artery over a period of 10 min until a mean arterial pressure of 40 mmHg was obtained. Controlled hypotension was then maintained at 40-/+5 mmHg for 60 min by blood drawing or infusion when necessary. All the blood drawn and an equivalent volume of Ringer lactate solution were subsequently infused for resuscitation. Four hours after the resuscitation, the activity of superoxidedismutase (SOD), content of malondialdehyde (MDA), expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), wet to dry weight ratio (W/D), and pathologic changes of the lung tissues were measured or observed.

RESULTSCompared with those in the control group, the content of MDA, expression of HO-1 and W/D increased significantly in both group H and group U (P<0.05); these indexes in group U were significantly lower than those in group H (P<0.05). The activity of SOD in group U was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05) but higher than that in group H (P<0.05). Optical microscopy demonstrated milder inflammatory cell infiltration and interstitial edema in the lung tissues in group U than in group H.

CONCLUSIONUlinastatin can lower the content of MDA, W/D and the expression of HO-1, increase the activity of SOD, and reduce histological lung injury in rats with hemorrhagic shock.

Animals ; Glycoproteins ; pharmacology ; Heme Oxygenase-1 ; metabolism ; Lung Injury ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Shock, Hemorrhagic ; complications ; metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the stereoselective glucuronidation of carvedilol (CARV) by three Chinese liver microsomes.

METHODSThe metabolites of CARV were identified by a hydrolysis reaction with beta-glucuronidase and HPLC-MS/MS. The enzyme kinetics for CARV enantiomers glucuronidation was determined by a reversed phase-high pressure liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) assay using (S)-propafenone as internal standard after precolumn derivatization with 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-glucopyranosylisothiocyanate.

RESULTSTwo CARV glucuronides were found in three Chinese liver microsomes incubated with CARV. The non-linear regression analysis showed that the values of K(m) and V(max) for (S)-CARV and (R)-CARV enantiomers were (118+/-44) micromol/L, (2 500+/-833) pmol/(min.mg protein) and (24+/-7) micromol/L, (953+/-399) pmol/(min.mg protein), respectively.

CONCLUSIONThese results suggested that there was a significant (P<0.05) stereoselective glucuronidation of CARV enantiomers in three Chinese liver microsomes, which might partly explain the enantioselective pharmacokinetics of CARV.

Carbazoles ; metabolism ; China ; Glucuronic Acid ; metabolism ; Glucuronides ; metabolism ; Microsomes, Liver ; metabolism ; Propanolamines ; metabolism ; Stereoisomerism

OBJECTIVETo find a convenient and exact method for evaluating acrosome reaction in human spermatozoa.

METHODSThe semen of the normal male was mixed and then divided into 6 groups. Coomassie brilliant blue (CBB) staining, chlortetracycline (CTC) fluorescence staining and acid phosphatase (ACP) detection were used for morphological observation and data analysis of the acrosome status of the human sperm treated with or without progesterone.

RESULTSThere were obvious morphological differences between the acrosome-reaction and acrosome-intact spermatozoa in CBB staining and CTC fluorescence staining, and significant differences were observed between the experimental and control spermatozoa by the three methods (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAll the three methods can be used to assess acrosome reaction in human spermatozoa, but Coomassie brilliant blue (CBB) staining is much more convenient and stable.

Acid Phosphatase ; Acrosome Reaction ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Chlortetracycline ; Humans ; Male ; Progesterone ; pharmacology ; Rosaniline Dyes ; Spermatozoa ; cytology ; Staining and Labeling ; methods

UNLABELLED: Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the bacterial succession on rat carcasses and to evaluate the use of bacterial succession for postmortem interval (PMI) estimation. METHODS: Adult female SD rat remains were placed in carton boxes. The bacterial colonization of circumocular skin, mouth and vagina was collected to be identified using culture-dependent biochemical methods. The changes in community composition were regularly documented. RESULTS: The bacterial succession in three habitats showed that Staphylococcus and Neisseria were predominated in early PMI, especially Staphylococcus aureus and Neisseria lactamica in 6 hours after death. Lactobacillus casei developed on the 3-4 days regularly, and kept stable at a certain level in late PMI. CONCLUSION The involvement of normal and putrefactive bacteria in three body habitats of rat remains can be used for PMI estimation.
Animals ; Autopsy ; Cadaver ; Death ; Forensic Medicine/methods* ; Neisseria lactamica ; Postmortem Changes ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Time Factors