OBJECTIVE: To investigate the cognition status of construction workers on occupational health knowledge.METHODS: Seven hundreds and sixteen construction workers in Luzhou City were selected by cluster sampling method.Their cognition conditions on occupational health knowledge were investigated. RESULTS: The awareness rate of legal knowledge of occupational disease was the highest in construction workers in Luzhou City,which was 51. 68%. However,the awareness rate of legal compensation system of occupational disease was the lowest,which was only 5. 59%. The main sources of workers getting to know about occupational health knowledge were television, network and newspaper( accounting for 70. 25%). With the decrease of age and the increase of educational level,the awareness rates of occupational health knowledge in construction workers had a tendency of increase( P < 0. 05). The awareness rates of legal knowledge and diagnostic programs of occupational disease and legal compensation system in workers with special rates types of work were higher than those of handymen and traditional craftsmen( P < 0. 05). The awareness rates of occupational health knowledge in workers who had received the training of occupational safety and related occupational disease knowledge were higher than those who had not( P < 0. 05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that factors influencing the awareness rates of occupational health knowledge of construction workers were the educational level,type of work,the training of occupational safety and related occupational disease knowledge( P <0. 05). CONCLUSION: The awareness rate of occupational health knowledge in construction workers was generally low. The training of occupational safety and related occupational disease knowledge should be strengthened for the construction workers.