ObjectiveTo observe the pathogenic relationship and the mechanisms between the first molars and the temporomandibular disorders(TMD) by getting epidemiology data.MethodsThe oral examinational people during 2007 to 2011 as investigating objects were selected and epidemiological study was carried out with standard clinical diagnostic criteria for dental caries TMD.ResultsThe people with dysfunctional first molars showed that TMD positive rate was 51.48％,and normal molars was 23.47％.The results had significant difference( x2 =54.34,P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionThe people with dvsfunction of first molars mav be liable to TMD.

C-Reactive Protein ; analysis ; Calcitonin ; blood ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins ; analysis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Leukocyte Count ; Male ; Meningitis, Bacterial ; diagnosis ; Meningitis, Viral ; diagnosis ; Protein Precursors ; blood

OBJECTIVETo evaluate colon targeting characteristic of Kuikang colon targeted pellets (KCP) with determination of residual baicalin and baicalein concentration in gastrointestinal tract (GIT).

METHODThe baicalin and baicalein were assayed by HPLC. The recovery differences of the drug between KCP and conventional pellets from GIT were investigated, three and six hours after administration.

RESULTThe baicalin recovery of KCP (70%) from rat GIT was higher than that of CP (about 20%). Most of KCP were intact at 3 h after oral administration, and distributed in lower ileum. It indicated that release site of KCP was in lower ileum and colon. Six hours later, a small amount of baicalin was recovered in intestime, which showed that the release of baicalin from KCP was complete.

CONCLUSIONThe determination of residual baicalin in rat GIT was feasibility for evaluating KCP. The result confirmed KCP of colon targeting property.

Animals ; Colon ; metabolism ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Drug Implants ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; metabolism ; Flavanones ; metabolism ; Flavonoids ; metabolism ; Ileum ; metabolism ; Logistic Models ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of Caspase-3 and Survivin at different stages of human hemangioma in children.Methods Fifty-five specimens of hemangioma tissue excised in operation and 8 normal skins removed in operation were harvested from People's Hospital of Gansu Province between Jan.2000 and Dec.2005.The pathologic diagnosis was divided into 3 groups according to Mulliken's standard under microscope:proliferated phase group(n=31),degenerated phase group(n=24),and control group(n=8).All these specimens were examined by immunohisto for Caspase-3 and Survivin expression.Results Caspase-3 positive rate in the proliferative phase and involuting phase were 35.5% and 79.2%,respectively.The positive rate in involuting phase was higher than that that in proliferative phase,the difference between the 2 groups was significant(P=0.045 9).A significant difference was not found between the proliferative phase and normal skin tissue(P=0.057 3).Survivin positive rate in the proliferating and involuting phase were 77.4% and 45.8%,respectively.The positive rate in proliferative phase was higher than that in involuting phase,the difference between the 2 groups was significant(P=0.008 5),the difference in involuting phase and normal skin tissue was not significant(P=0.059 3).Conclusions High level of Caspase-3 expression in vascular endothelial cells in involuting phase in contrast to that in proliferative phase,which indicates that Caspase-3 may play a positive role in the apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells.Survivin may inhibit the apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells in proliferative phase due to it's high expression.Caspase-3 and Surivivin involved in the hemangioma in the regulation of apoptosis.J Appl Clin Pediatr,2009,24(1):51-52

Objective To investigate the occurrence and reporting of sharp injuries among health care workers (HCWs)at all levels of hospitals in Xuzhou City,provide evidences for formulating protective measures against sharp injuries and improving the reporting system.Methods From July to August 2016,13 hospitals in Xuzhou City were randomly selected by multi-stage stratified random sampling method,the general information,occurrence of sharp injuries,and reporting situation was performed questionnaire survey.Results A total of 2 694 valid question-naires were collected,incidence,case incidence,and reporting rate of sharp injuries were 10.32%,12.84%,and 30.64% respectively.Case incidence of sharp injuries among HCWs in primary,secondary,and tertiary hospitals were 44.83%,11.53%,and 12.52% respectively,case incidences of sharp injuries in different levels of hospitals were significantly different (χ2＝55.148,P＜0.001).The main opportunity for sharp injuries was when HCWs re-turned needle cap (79 cases,22.83%),the main device involving sharp injuries was hollow-bore needle (297 cases, 85.84%).Incidences of sharp injuries among HCWs receiving different training were significantly different (χ2＝66.760,P＜0.001).Conclusion Current situation of sharp injuries among HCWs in this region is not optimistic, there are some problems such as poor training efficacy,low reporting rate and low use rate of safety devices,effec-tive measures should be taken to establish an effective monitoring and tracking system for sharp injuries,so as to re-duce the occurrence of sharp injuries.

Objective To explore the effect of expressive writing intervention on social support,resilience and school maladjustment in university freshman.Methods Selecting the freshmen volunteer of 600 university freshmen of Shandong,through the scale before the test recovery and comprehensive scoring chosen the part of low grade college students as the intervention object and were divided into writing expression(n=60) person and control group(n=60).The intervention group received a positive subject writing expression and the control group in the normal writing.Before and after the intervention tested the social support rating scale,the resilience scale for Chinese adolescents and the the student adaptation to college questionnaire were tested to evaluate the effect of active writing expression intervention.Results (1)After intervention,the intervention group and the control group had significant differences among the scales,objective support (t =-2.36,P＜0.05),learning adaptation(t=-1.98,P＜0.05) and subjective support (t=-2.56,P＜0.05),target focus(t=-2.66,P＜0.01),emotional control(t=-2.81,P＜0.01),family support (t=-3.46,P＜0.01),adaptation (t=-2.73,P＜0.01),support utilization (t=-5.91,P＜0.01) and social support score (t =-4.04,P＜ 0.01),positive cognition (t=-2.73,P＜0.01),interpersonal assistance (t=-3.13,P＜0.01),resilience score (t=-7.40,P＜0.01),life adaptation (t=-3.83,P＜ 0.01),emotional state (t =-3.39,P＜ 0.01),and school adaptation score (t=-3.46,P＜0.01).(2)There was no significant difference in objective support between the control group before intervention and after intervention.In addition,the remaining dimensions such as subjective support (20.72±2.46,22.96±2.81,t=4.54,P＜0.01),support utilization (7.49± 1.40,9.86± 1.90,t =7.56,P＜0.01) and social support score (36.79±4.24,41.89±5.18,t=5.76,P＜0.01) were significantly increased.The intervention group had significant difference among target focus (15.98±2.86,17.89±3.35,t=3.28,P＜0.01),emotional control (14.98±2.77,15.70±2.71,t=3.35,P＜0.01),positive cognition (14.61 ± 2.04,16.26±3.09,t=3.36,P＜0.01),interpersonal assistance (15.30±2.44,17.49±2.73,t=4.52,P＜0.01),resilience score(77.65±6.01,88.25±5.74,t=9.63,P＜0.01) and family support(16.77±2.28,19.58± 2.44,t =6.35,P＜ 0.01).In the intervention group of school adaptation scale,life adaptation (40.44± 6.36,45.12± 7.21,t=3.68,P＜0.01),emotional state (34.04±6.99,38.84±5.95,t=3.95,P＜0.01) and school adaptation score (145.21 ±22.86,160.51±21.78,t=3.66,P＜0.01),interpersonal assistance (32.30±5.34,35.23±5.18,t=2.98,P＜0.01),learning adaptation (38.44±7.06,41.32± 5.92,t=2.36,P＜0.05) were significantly increased.Conclusion Written expression intervention has a positive effect on improving the low level of social support,the poor resilience and freshman's adaptation to college.

AIMTo record funny currents (If) of ventricular myocytes and to analysize hyperpolarization-activated cation channel(HCN) expression in the rats of different ages.

METHODSFresh ventricular myocytes were isolated from 3 days rats and adult rats.HCN expressions were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(real-time PCR). It was recorded through whole-cell patch clamp.

RESULTSHCN1, HCN2, HCN3, HCN4 mRNA represented 0.23% +/- 0.01%, 83.58% +/- 0.04%, 0.79% +/- 0.01%, 15.44% +/- 0.01% of total HCN mRNA in the neonatal rats, respectively. If was recorded and the threshold for activation was -75 mV. In the adult rat, HCN1, HCN2, HCN3, HCN4 mRNA represented 0.72% +/- 0.02%, 91.58% +/- 0.08%, 0.27% +/- 0.02%, 7.12% +/- 0.02% of total HCN mRNA. The ratio of HCN2 to HCN4 was approximately (13.06 +/- 0.21):1. The threshold for activation of If was approximately -115 mV in the adult rats.

CONCLUSIONWith the development of rats, the value of If is smaller. The threshold for activation of If is more negative. The ratio of HCN2 to HCN4 is bigger.

Age Factors ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channels ; metabolism ; physiology ; Heart Ventricles ; cytology ; Hyperpolarization-Activated Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channels ; Ion Channels ; metabolism ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Potassium Channels ; metabolism ; physiology ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo analysis the effect of amiodarone on funny current (I(f)) and hyperpolarization-activated cation channel (HCN) gene expressions of the neonatal rat ventricular myocytes.

METHODSVentricular myocytes of 1 - 3 days-old rats were isolated and cultured. The cardiomyocytes were treated by amiodarone (0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 100 micromol/L) for 3 hours or amiodaron (10 micromol/L) for 0, 0.5, 1, 3, 6 hours. The I(f) and HCN 1 - 4 gene expressions were measured through the whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) using SYBR Green PCR kit.

RESULTS(1) HCN1, HCN2, HCN3 and HCN4 represented (0.23 +/- 0.01)%, (83.58 +/- 0.04)%, (0.79 +/- 0.01)% and (15.44 +/- 0.01)% of total HCN mRNA, respectively. (2) Amiodaron resulted in a dose-dependent I(f) [(3.1 +/- 0.9)%, (9.7 +/- 2.4)%, (36.7 +/- 5.8)%, (80.3 +/- 1.8)% and (85.9 +/- 3.1)%, respectively at -145 mV, IC(50) (1.32 +/- 0.28) micromol/L], HCN2 [(2.1 +/- 0.8)%, (8.9 +/- 3.6)%, (30.1 +/- 4.2)%, (78.3 +/- 3.6)% and (81.1 +/- 1.9)%, respectively] and HCN4 decrease [(0.5 +/- 0.2)%, (2.1 +/- 2.6)%, (8.8 +/- 3.2)%, (60.1 +/- 4.6)% and (59.6 +/- 6.5)%, respectively]. (3) Amiodaron (10 micromol/L) also induced a time-dependent I(f) [(1.1 +/- 0.1)%, (12.6 +/- 2.3)%, (80.6 +/- 2.2)% and (80.1 +/- 2.1)%, respectively], HCN2 [(1.0 +/- 0.1)%, (9.8 +/- 3.9)%, (82.9 +/- 4.6)% and (83.9 +/- 1.7)%, respectively] and HCN4 decrease [(0.1 +/- 0.1)%, (1.9 +/- 1.1)%, (59.4 +/- 7.8)% and (60.9 +/- 3.1)%, respectively]. However, HCN1 and HCN3 expressions were not affected by amiodaron treatment.

CONCLUSIONCurrent density of I(f) and the expression of HCN2 and HCN4 were decreased by amiodaron which might be the possible antiarrhythmic working mechanisms of amiodaron.

Amiodarone ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channels ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Heart Ventricles ; metabolism ; Hyperpolarization-Activated Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channels ; Male ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Potassium Channels ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To investigate the distribution of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitution types in patients with perimenopause metabolic syndrome in Guangzhou based on the Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop+10(STRAW+10),so as to provide a theoretical basis for TCM constitution regulation for patients with PMS.Methods According to the diagnostic criteria of metabolic syndrome,a total of 90 patients with PMS were included.Based on the STRAW+10 staging criteria,the PMS patients were divided into early perimenopause group(-2 phase of STRAW+10,49 cases),late perimenopause group(-1 phase of STRAW+10,24cases),and early postmenopausal group(+la phase of STRAW+10,17 cases).Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution Classification and Distinguishing Criteria were used to identify the TCM constitution types of all the subjects.At the same time,the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)and Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS)were used for scoring anxiety and depression.The distribution of TCM constitution types in patients with different STRAW+10 stages was analyzed,and the SAS and SDS scores of patients with different STRAW+10 stages were compared.Results(1)The primary TCM constitution types in the early perimenopause group(-2 phase of STRAW+10)were yang deficiency constitution(14 cases,29.79％),balanced constitution(10 cases,21.28％),yin deficiency constitution(six cases,12.76％)and blood stasis constitution(six cases,12.76％).In the late perimenopause group(-1 phase of STRAW+10),the primary TCM constitution types were yang deficiency constitution(six cases,25.00％),balanced constitution(four cases,16.66％),blood stasis constitution(four cases,16.66％),qi deficiency constitution(three cases,12.50％)and phlegm-damp constitution(three cases,12.50％).In the early postmenopausal group(+la phase of STRAW+10),the primary TCM constitution types were yang deficiency constitution(seven cases,46.67％),balanced constitution(two cases,13.33％),phlegm-damp constitution(two cases,13.33％),blood stasis constitution(two cases,13.33％),qi deficiency constitution(one case,6.67％)and qi stagnation constitution(one case,6.67％).(2)The SAS score and SDS score in the early perimenopause group(-2 phase of STRAW+10)were(34.55±7.46)points and(35.55±10.61)points,respectively,which were higher than those in the late perimenopause group(-1 phase of STRAW+10)[(33.83±7.73)points and(35.46±11.35)points,respectively]and in the early postmenopausal group(+la phase of STRAW+10)[(35.65±8.67)points and(36.59±12.07)points,respectively].All of the scores were higher than the overall average level.Conclusion The TCM constitution of patients with perimenopause metabolic syndrome is predominated by yang deficiency constitution.The percentage of the balanced constitution gradually decreases with the progression of STRAW+10 staging,and the biased constitutions gradually develop from yin deficiency constitution and blood stasis constitution into qi deficiency constitution and phlegm-damp constitution,and then into phlegm-damp constitution and blood stasis constitution again.With the progression of the stage,the deficiency in the fundamental of the PMS patients becomes more deficient and the pathogens of excess in the incidental also grow.

OBJECTIVETo summarize the clinical changing characters of the clinical markers after interferon treatment in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and make out practical indexes to predict the effect.

METHODS150 CHB patients were randomly divided into two groups: therapeutic group (90) and control group (60) in the prospective controlled trial. The levels of endogenous interferon before treatment, interferon antibody at the end of the second month and fourth month after treatment, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and HBV DNA in the serum were detected. Then the data was analysed to find out indexes for predicting the effect.

RESULTS(1) The clearance rate of HBeAg had no significant difference in age except for 20 - 30 and 30 - 40 (t > 2.331 2, P < 0.01). (2) It was more effective if ALT level was higher than 400 U/L before treatment and it decreased more than 50% two months after treatment. (3) The patients whose HBV DNA was negative (dot hybridization) or less than 10(6) copies/ml before treatment had higher rate of HBeAg clearance. (4) There was no effect on patients whose interferon antibody turned positive at the end of the second month. (5)A predictive method of comprehensive factors was made out, whose sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 80%, 100% and 90%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe clinical characters of these Chinese patients are different from those of the westerners and the effects of interferon have close relation to the levels of ALT, HBV DNA and interferon antibody.

Adjuvants, Immunologic ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; Female ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; blood ; Hepatitis B virus ; isolation & purification ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Prospective Studies