Animals ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; Humans ; Periodontal Diseases ; immunology ; pathology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; immunology ; Th1 Cells ; immunology ; Th17 Cells ; immunology ; Th2 Cells ; immunology

BACKGROUND: Paraquat (PQ) is an effective herbicide and is widely used in agricultural production, but PQ poisoning is frequently seen in humans with the lung as the target organ. Clinically pulmonary pathological changes are often used to predict the severity and prognosis of the patients. In this study, we observed the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in rat lung after PQ poisoning and to investigate the therapeutic effects of ulinastatin. METHODS: Seventy-two adult healthy SD rats were randomly divided into a control group (group A, n=24), a poisoning group (group B, n=24), and an ulinastatin group (group C, n=24). The rat models of acute PQ poisoning were established by intra-gastric administration of 80 mg/kg PQ to rats of groups B and C, and the rats of group C were intra-peritoneally injected with 100000 IU/kg ulinastatin 30 minutes after poisoning. The expression of HSP70 in lung tissue was observed, and W/D and histopathological changes in the lung tissue were compared 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours after poisoning. The expression of HSP70 in the lung tissue was assayed by using RT-PCR. All quantitative data were processed with one-way analysis of variance to compare multiple sample means. RESULTS: Compared to group A, the expression of HSP70 in the lung of rats in groups B and C increased significantly at all intervals (P<0.05). The pathological changes in lung tissue of rats with PQ poisoning included congestion, leukocytes infiltration and local hemorrhage, whereas those of group C were significantly lessened. CONCLUSION: Ulinastatin may ameliorate acute lung injury to some extent after PQ poisoning in rats by enhancing the expression of HSP70.

BACKGROUND: Paraquat (PQ) is an effective herbicide and is widely used in agricultural production, but PQ poisoning is frequently seen in humans with the lung as the target organ. Currently, there are many studies on lung injury after PQ poisoning. But the kidney as the main excretory organ after PQ poisoning is rarely studied and the mechanisms of this poisoning is not very clear. In this study, we observed the expression of caspase-3 and livin protein in rat renal tissue after PQ poisoning as well as the therapeutic effects of ulinastatin. METHODS: Fifty-four Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three experimental groups: control group (group A), paraquat poisoning group (group B) and ulinastatin group (group C), with 18 rats in each group. Rats in group B and group C were administered intragastrically with 80 mg/kg PQ, rats in group C were injected peritoneally with 100000 U/kg ulinastatin once a day, while rats in group A were administered intragastrically with the same volume of saline as PQ. At 24, 48, 72 hours after poisoning, the expression of livin in renal tissue was detected by Westen blotting, the expression of caspase-3 was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the rate of renal cell apoptosis was tested by TUNEL detection. The histopathological changes were observed at the same time. RESULTS: Compared to group A, the expression of caspase-3 in the renal tissue of rats in groups B and C increased significantly at any time point. Compared with group B, the expression of caspase-3 in renal tissue of rats in group C decreased. Compared with group A, the expression of livin in renal tissue in rats of groups B and C increased significantly at any time point (P<0.01), especially in group C (P<0.01). TUNEL method showed that the rate of renal cell apoptosis index was higher in group B at corresponding time points than in group A (P<0.01), and was lower in group C at corresponding time points than in group B (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: UTI has a protective effect on the renal tissue of rats after paraquat poisoning through up-regulating the expression of livin and down-regulating the expression of caspase-3, but the regulation path still needs a further research.

Objective To observe the influence of longmuzhuanggu powder(LMZGP)on gastroenteric movement and plasm motilin(MTL)in rats.Methods Rats were randomly divided into control group,model group,LMZGP large dose group,LMZGP middle dose group,and LMZGP low dose group.To establish the model of disorder of gastric depletion and small intestinal advancement by using maxolon,atropine,neostigmine and adrenaline.Gastric emptying and intestinal progradating rates in mice were tested with black nutritious semi solid cataplasm.Level of MTL in hemtatoplasma was tested by radio immunoassay.Results Maxolon accelerated gastric depletion and neostigmine accelerated intestine propagation and heightened the level of MTL in hematoplasma(P_a

Objectives To design an objective and structured evaluation system for the clinical competence of orthopedic postgraduates in the diagnosis and treatment of distal radius fractures, and to ana-lyze its reliability and validity. Methods 28 orthopaedic postgraduates representing six levels of surgical training were tested for competence in performing surgical approach for distal radius fracture on cadaver specimens during which four measures were used to assess competency: examination of basic theory based on network item bank, objective structured operation assessment,overall assessment and operation examina-tion results. In addition, the time for completion of the surgery was also recorded. Each assessment tool was correlated with the others as well as with the resident’s level of training. Results There was a significant correlation between the seniority of candidates and the score of theoretical examination (F=6.193, P=0.000), the score of structured operation examination (F=6.374, P=0.002), the score of overall assessment (F=2.321, P=0.030), and the passing rate of final operation examination (F=36.300, P=0.000). No significant differ- ences were found between seniority and time to completion of the surgical approach exposure (F=2.282, P<0.073). Conclusions The results of the present study suggested that both theoretical examination and cadaver testing discriminate between novice and accomplished postgraduates. However, although the theo-retical test scores could predict the operational test results, but the theoretical results can not guarantee excellent operational skills.

OBJECTIVETo observe the expression levels of heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) and NF-kappaB p65 mRNA in lung tissue of acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning rats, and intervention effects of ulinastatin (UTI).

METHODSSeventy-two Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups: PQ poisoning group, UTI group and control group. The rats were exposed intragastrically to PQ at the dose of 80 mg/kg to establish a model of the rat acute lung injury. The UTI group was intervened by peritoneal injection with 10000 U/kg UTI in 30 minutes. On the 12, 24, 48, 72 h after exposure, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in lung tissue were detected. The expression of the NF-kappaB p65 mRNA and hsp70 mRNA in lung tissue was detected by the reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). The lung pathological changes of rats were observed.

RESULTSThe degree of lung injury in PQ group and UTI group was higher than that in control group. But in UTI group the degree of lung injury was lower than PQ group. MPO activity in the lung tissues in PQ group was (31.72 +/- 6.42), (56.23 +/- 8.63), (87.21 +/- 10.02) and (107.21 +/- 13.52) micro/g in 12, 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively which was significantly higher than that [(11.38 +/- 1.25) micro/g] in control group (P < 0.01). MPO activity in the lung tissues in UTI group was (15.65 +/- 3.21), (35.98 +/- 5.74), (59.33 +/- 9.65) and (71.25 +/- 10.58) micro/g in 12, 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively which was significantly lower than those in PQ group (P < 0.01). The expression levels of NF-kappaB p65 mRNA of lung tissues in UTI group in 12, 24, 48 and 72 h were 0.3288 +/- 0.0147, 0.5337 +/- 0.0328, 0.7357 +/- 0.0424 and 0.7547 +/- 0.0905, respectively, which were significantly lower that those (0.4185 +/- 0.0294, 0.8532 +/- 0.0841, 0.9554 +/- 0.0975 and 1.0094 +/- 0.0703) in PQ group (P < 0.01). hsp70 mRNA expression levels in 12, 24, 48 and 72 h of the UTI group were 0.5193 +/- 0.0254, 0.8289 +/- 0.0606, 0.7566 +/- 0.0277 and 0.4873 +/- 0.0105, respectively, which were significantly higher than those (0.3897 +/- 0.0125, 0.5904 +/- 0.0186, 0.4007 +/- 0.0237 and 0.2293 +/- 0.0137) in PQ group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe expression levels of hsp70 mRNA and NF-kappaB p65 mRNA of rats after intoxication increased significantly. UTI can protect the lung tissues by elevating the expression of hsp70 and reducing the expression of NF-kappaB in the lung tissues of rats with acute paraquat poisoning.

Animals ; Glycoproteins ; pharmacology ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; metabolism ; Lung ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Paraquat ; poisoning ; Peroxidase ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Transcription Factor RelA ; metabolism

To study the dynamic change law of bioactive constituents from Polygonum multiflorum, and to explore the optimal harvest period of P. multiflorum. Determination of stilhene glucoside, anthraquinones and catechin from P. multiflorum in different harvest times by MEKC-DAD, and principal component analysis (PCA) was used to comprehensive evaluation for bioactive constituents. There are obvious differences among the contents of active ingredients in various collecting periods samples, the content of stilbene glucoside was the highest in November, the total content of combined anthraquinone was the highest in November and December, the content of catechin was the highest in September. The comprehensive evaluation index obtained with principal component analysis showed that the sample collected in November is significantly higher than those with other samples. The optimal harvest period of P. multiflorum is November.
Electrophoresis ; Fallopia multiflora ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVETo investigate the 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) expression changes and the impact of ulinastatin (UTI) METHODS: Seventy-two healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: the control group, poisoning group and treatment group, with 24 rats in each group. The model of lung injury was established by intragastric PQ (80 mg/kg) administration in poisoning group and treatment group, and 1 mL saline was administered intragastrically in the control group. The rats in treatment group were injected intraperitoneally with UTI (100 000 U/kg) 30 minutes after PQ administration, and the rats in the control group and poisoning group were intraperitoneally injected with the same volume of saline. After different treatments, the pathological changes and the expression of 4-HNE in lung tissue was detected in 12, 24, and 72 h in three groups.

RESULTSIn the poisoning group and treatment group, the expression of 4-HNE in lung tissue of rats were increased in 12 h after poisoning and reached the peak in 48 h; in 72 h after poisoning, the expression of 4-HNE in lung tissue were decreased, but they were still high. Compared with the control group, the expression of 4-HNE in lung tissue of rats were significantly increased in the poisoning group and treatment group (P < 0.05). And compared with the poisoning group, the expression of 4-HNE in lung tissue of rats were significantly decreased in the treatment group (P < 0.01). The pathological changes were observed, including alveolar capillary expansion, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and alveolar inflammation cell infiltration, were found in lungs of rats in poisoning group and treatment group. There is no significant change in the control group. Compared with the control group, the expression of 4-HNE in lung tissue significantly increased in poisoning group and treatment group (P < 0.01), but the expression in treatment group was lower than in poisoning group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe expression of 4-HNE increased in PQ intoxicated rats. UTI may reduce the expression of 4-HNE and reduce lung injury in PQ intoxicated rats.

Aldehydes ; metabolism ; Animals ; Glycoproteins ; pharmacology ; Lung ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lung Injury ; metabolism ; pathology ; Paraquat ; poisoning ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo understand the sexual physiology and psychology of male college students and to provide schools, families and the society with reference for the sexual physiological and psychological education among college students as well as for the diagnosis and treatment of their sexual psychological disorders in Jiangsu.

METHODSAn investigation was conducted by using a questionnaire on sexual physiology and psychology among randomly selected 3786 male college students from 18 universities in Jiangsu.

RESULTSAs regards sexual education, 5.49% of the subjects were satisfied with their schools, 78.18% wanted it to be strengthened and 68.36% obtained their sexual knowledge from the internet. Concerning sexual physiology, 68.78% experienced their first spermatorrhea at the age of 12-15. As for sexual psychology, 85.79% loved a certain female inwardly, and 70.99% experienced love affairs. With regard to sexual activity, 25.54% had sexual experience.

CONCLUSIONCollege students nowadays are relatively open in sexual ideology, immature in sexual psychology and lacking in sexual knowledge, while schools are inefficient in sexual education. Their sexual health calls for joint attention from schools, families and the society, particularly schools, which need to establish special offices for research and education on sexual health.

China ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Male ; Sexual Behavior ; physiology ; psychology ; Students ; psychology ; Universities ; Young Adult

Dried herb of Delphinium brunonianum Royle (Ranunculaceae) has long been used under the herbal name "Xiaguobei" (Delphinii Brunoniani Herba) in traditional Tibetan medicine and prescribed for the treatment of influenza, itchy skin rash and snake bites. In order to find a useful and convenient method for the identification of microscopic features, the technique of fluorescence microscopy was applied to authenticate "Xiaguobei" of Tibet. The transverse sections of stem and leaf, as well as the powder of "Xiaguobei" were observed to seek for typical microscopic features by normal light and fluorescence microscopy. A style-like, single-cell glandular hair containing yellow secretions on the leaf, young stem and sepal of "Xiaguobei" was found. Under the fluorescence microscope, the xylem and pericycle fiber group emitted significant fluorescence. This work indicated that fluorescence microscopy could be an useful additional method for the authentication work. Without the traditional dyeing methods, the main microscopic features could be easily found by fluorescence microscopy. The results provided reliable references for the authentication of "Xiaguobei".
Biometric Identification ; Delphinium ; anatomy & histology ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Plant Leaves ; anatomy & histology ; Plant Stems ; anatomy & histology ; Plants, Medicinal ; anatomy & histology ; Powders ; Tibet