Objective To investigate the effects of atorvastatin on the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE)and the underlying mechanism of immunoregulation.Method The Wistar rats were used to establish EAE model.After oral administration of 2, 8 mg? kg~(1)?d~(1)of atorvastatin, the rats were examined for the development of neurological signs, changes of histopathology and the expression of IL-4 and MMP-9.Result Though high dose treatment with atorvastatin, the frequency of EAE attacks degreased from 76.67% to 33.33%(P=0.008);the extent of inflammation degreased from 3.2?1.1 to 1.3?0.4(P=0.01);and the number of MMP-9 positive cells degreased from 37?7 to 26?5(P= 0.001), the expression of IL-4 could be increased from(0.35?0.12)ng/ml to(0.68?0.23)ng/ml (P=0.05).Conclusion Atorvastatin can reduce the inflammation and produce the recover of the neurological harm because of the changes of MMP-9 and IL-4.

Background Application of confocal microscopy in the investigation of ocular surface system in living eye have been greatly extended in two decades.In vivo confocal microscopy allows the evaluation of the normal or pathological tissue at the cellular level.However,seldom study about the morphology of normal in vivo human bulbar conjunetiva under the confocal microscopy was induced. Objective Present study was to analyze the appearance of normal bulbar conjunetiva cells under the in vivo confocal microscopy. Methods Laser scanning confocal microscopy was used to examine the morphological characteristics of the bulbar conjunetiva in 21 eyes of 15 healthy volunteers.The parameters of confocal microscopy were as follows:resolution 1 μm,wave length 670 nm,field range 400 μm×400 μm.The epithelial cell numbers,dendritics cells density and goblet cells density from superior,inferonasal,nasal and temporal bulbar conjunctiva were calculated respectively and compared and imaged by the HRT3 Rostock Cornea Modual. Results The superficial epithelial cells of the bulbar conjunctiva was seen with the small cell nuclei and blur border.The borders of basal epithelial celt were clearly visible without cell nuclei.The presumed goblet cell presented with a large hyperreflective oval-shaped cell with relatively homogeneous brightness,crowed in groups or mainly dispersed.The orfices at the epithelial surface represented the goblet cells,showing some open and expel contents.The dendritic cell appeared to be hyperreflective corpuscular particles with visible processes among conjunetival epithelial cells.A few dense white fiber meshwork was exhibited in conjunctival stroma with the traverse blood vessels containing cellular elements.The superficial and basal epithelial cell densities were 2556±692and 2985±376 cells/mm2 respectively,and overall goblet and mature dendritic cells densities were 77±39 and 26±35 cells/mm2 respectively.Significant differences were proved in globet cell density and dendritic density among different conjunetival zones(P=0.001,P=0. 000),however,the alteration of conjunetival epithelium cells was insignificant in different area(P=0.204,P=0.130).Conclusion Confocal microscopy is a useful tool for the study of morphology of human bulbar conjunctiva cells in vivo.which offer a valuable aid in the diagnosis of ocular surface disease.

Objective:Response surface methodology was used to optimize the optimal extraction conditions of red ginseng polysaccharide and to study the antioxidant activity of red ginseng polysaccharide.Methods:Supercritical CO 2 extraction method was used to extract polysaccharides from red ginseng. The effects of solid-liquid ratio, extraction time, extraction temperature and extraction pressure on the extraction of polysaccharides from red ginseng were investigated. Box-behnken Design method was used to optimize the extraction process of red ginseng polysaccharide, and Logit method was used to calculate the semi-inhibitory concentration of red ginseng polysaccharide on DPPH clearance (half maximal inhibitory concentration, IC 50). Results:The optimal extraction conditions were as follows: extraction temperature 61.12 ℃, extraction pressure 20.64 MPa, extraction time 128.37 min, solid-liquid ratio 1∶25.61 g/ml, and the extraction yield of red ginseng polysaccharide was 36.89%. The results of three groups of repeatability tests showed that the relative error of polysaccharide yield of red ginseng was in the range of 5%. When the mass concentration of red ginseng polysaccharide was 25 μg/ml, it had better antioxidant activity and IC 50 was 10.97 μg/ml. Conclusion:The optimized extraction conditions of red ginseng polysaccharide were reasonable and reliable, and the antioxidant activity of red ginseng polysaccharide was strong, which could provide reference for the follow-up research.

Objective To propose a random forest(RF)algorithm-based prediction method for diabetic retinopathy(DR)to solve the problems due to multi feature dimension for detecting diabetes follow-up data and outliers and noises in the values of some indicators in the disease samples.Methods Firstly,the feature selection of the follow-up dataset of diabetic patients from the endocrinology and metabolism departments of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital and Kobe University Hospital in Japan was carried out using the Weka tool to screen out the features or subsets that were hightly correlated with DR;secondly,a model for assisting clinical diagnosis of DR was constructed based on feature subsets and RF algorithm;finally,model comparison experiments and ablation experiments were performed to validate the model performance and to determine which feature contributed the most to the model.Results The feature subset containing disease duration,glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c),thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH),total bilirubin(T-bilirubin),low density lipoprotein(LDL),serum creatinine(sCr)and albumin(ALB)correlated the most with RF.A model was constructed based on the above findings with RF algorithm,which behaved better than other models in terms of precision(0.92),accuracy(0.91),F1 score(0.91)and AUC(0.95).The results of ablation experiments showed that the disease duration contributed the most to the model,followed by albumin and serum creatinine,and then by LDL,total bilirubin,glycosylated hemoglobin and thyroid stimulating hormone.Conclusion The RF algorithm-based prediction method with high accuracy can be used for assisted diagnosis of DR.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(11):8-14]

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of auricular point pricking-bloodletting plus auricular point sticking therapy for acne vulgaris. Methods: A total of 66 patients with acne vulgaris were randomized into an observation group and a control group by the random number table, with 33 cases in each group. The observation group was treated with auricular point pricking-bloodletting plus auricular point sticking therapy, and the control group was treated only with auricular point sticking therapy. The treatments of both groups were performed twice a week, 4 weeks as a course of treatment, for 3 courses in total. The scores of skin lesions and dermatology life quality index (DLQI) scores were recorded before and after treatment to assess the clinical efficacy. Results: During the trial, there were 3 cases of drop-out both in the observation group and the control group. After 3 courses of treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group was 96.7％, while that of the control group was 76.7％. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). The intra-group comparison showed that the scores of skin lesion and DLQI were both decreased with the increase of treatment times, that was, the scores were lower than those at the previous time point (allP<0.05). After 1, 2, and 3 courses of treatment, the scores of skin lesion and DLQI of both groups were statistically different from those of the same group before treatment (allP<0.05). At every time point during the treatment, the scores of skin lesion and DLQI of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Auricular point pricking-bloodletting plus auricular point sticking has a better curative effect than auricular point sticking therapy alone in the treatment of acne vulgaris, and has a time-effect correlation.

This paper is to report the study of resveratrol-induced apoptosis and its mechanisms in MCF-7 cells. MTT assay was performed to assess the cytotoxicity of resveratrol on MCF-7 cells. Hoechst 33258 staining was used to observe cellular morphologic changes in apoptosis. Apoptosis was measured by flow cytometric analysis and the protein expression was examined by Western blotting analysis. The results indicated that resveratrol could inhibit MCF-7 cell growth in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Remarkable morphologic changes in the cells after 60 micromol L(-1) resveratrol treatment, including cell nuclear shrinkage, DNA condensation and apoptotic bodies, were observed by Hoechst 33258 staining. Resveratrol could induce apoptosis and activate p38 and p53 in a time dependent manner in MCF-7 cells. In addition, the cell growth inhibitory ratio and the apoptotic ratio of resveratrol-treated group decreased markedly by the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 or p53 inhibitor pifithrin-alpha. Further experiments confirmed that resveratrol-induced p53 activation was reduced by SB203580 whereas the activation of p38 was not affected by pifithrin-alpha. In conclusion, resveratrol induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells could be through activating p38-p53 signal pathway.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Benzothiazoles ; pharmacology ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Imidazoles ; pharmacology ; MCF-7 Cells ; Pyridines ; pharmacology ; Signal Transduction ; Stilbenes ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Toluene ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo analyze the radiological parameters of the conservatively in treating distal radius fracture and investigate whether the final re-displacement can be predicted after primary reduction.

METHODSFrom January 2013 to June 2014,212 patients with distal radial fracture conservatively were treated in our hospital, 107 patients of them were excluded because of their incomplete radiological parameters;the remaining 105 patients were available for radiological were assessed after injury, there were 56 male patients and 49 female patients in this study, the average age of the patients was 51 years old (ranged from 22 to 80 years). According to AO classification, there were 47 cases of type A2 and C1, and 58 cases of type A3, C2, C3. All patients were treated by closed reduction and below-elbow cast immobilization for 4 to 6 weeks. All patients were followed up for 3 to 6 months (means 4.5 months) by X-ray, all fractures were healed. Standard AP and lateral radiographic examination was conducted before reduction and after reduction and bony consolidation,the dorsal angulation and the radial angle were measured at each time point. The linear regression was used for the analysis to find out whether the final re-displacement can be predicted after primary reduction.

RESULTSAmong 105 patients,the significant correlations were found for the dorsal angulation between the reduction time and the end time (r = 0.82) and for the radial angulation between the reduction time and end time (r = 0.85).

CONCLUSIONThe dorsal angulation and the radial angulation after complete healing can be predicted from linear the regression functions. Due to the possibility of predicting the end result, whether the fracture should receive further conservative treatment or surgical treatment can be decided immediately.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Radiography ; Radius Fractures ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy

1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-D-glucose (PGG) is one of the main active compounds of Guizhi Fuling capsule. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) have high affinity toward template molecules synthesized by molecularly imprinted technology for its specific combined sites, which can overcome the shortcoming of traditional separation methods, such as complex operation, low efficiency, using large quantity of solvent and environmental pollution. In this paper, surface molecularly imprinted polymer (SMIP) was prepared by surface imprinting with PGG as the template molecule. Its adsorption capacity was measured by the scatchard equation. The separation of PGG from Guizhi Fuling capsule at preparatived scale was achieved with molecularly imprinted polymer as stationary phase and the purity was 90.2% by HPLC. This method can be used to prepare PGG from Guizhi Fuling capsule with large capacity and is easy to operate. It provides a new method for efficient separation and purification for other natural products.
Adsorption ; Capsules ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Hydrolyzable Tannins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Imprinting ; Polymers ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo study the anti-complementary phenolic acids from Lonicera japonica.

METHODThe anti-complementary activity-directed isolation was carried out with the hemolysis test as guide. All isolation was evaluated for their in vitro anti-complementary activities. The structures were identified by various spectroscopic data including ESI-MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR data.

RESULTFourteen compounds were isolated from the EtOAc fraction of L. japonica extracts, including 8 phenolic acids: 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (1), chlorogenic (2), 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3), 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4), 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (5), 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (6), caffeic acid (7) and methyl caffeate acid (8); 3 iridoids: secologanoside (9), sweroside (10) and secoxyloganin (11); and 3 flavonoids: luteolin (12), quercetin (13) and kaempferol (14). Compounds 1-9 and 11-14 showed anti-complementary activity in different extents and 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4) exhibited the most significant activity against the classical pathway.

CONCLUSIONCompound 14 is obtained from this plant for the first time, phenolic acids are the main anti-complementary constituents of L. japonica and 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid(4) is a potential complement inhibitor with strong activity, which worthy to be studied further in the future.

Complement Inactivating Agents ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Hydroxybenzoates ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Lonicera ; chemistry

Ten compounds, including seven sesquiterpenes, two phenols and one phenylpropanoid, were isolated from the roots of Illicium majus by means of silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20, and preparative HPLC. On analysis of MS and NMR spectroscopic data , their structures were established as cycloparviflorolide (1), cycloparvifloralone (2), tashironin (3), tashironin A (4), anislactone A(5), anislactone B (6), pseudomajucin (7), syringaldehyde (8), methyl-4-hydroxy-3, 5-dimethoxybenzoate (9), and (E)-3-methoxy-4,5-methylenedioxycinnamic alchol (10), respectively. Compounds 1-4 and 8-10 were first isolated from this plant. In the in vitro assays, at a concentration of 1.0 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1), compounds 5 and 6 were active against LPS induced NO production in microglia with a inhibition rate of 75.31% and 53.7%, respectively.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; chemistry ; Illicium ; chemistry ; Organic Chemicals ; analysis ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry