Objective To explore the effect of action observation therapy (AOT) on upper limb function in children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy,and the better program. Methods From March to November,2017,45 children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy were randomly assigned to control group and AOT group.The control group was further divided into group A(n=11)and group B(n=11), and received conventional rehabilitation treatment and scenic-observation therapy, 20 minutes every time for group A,and 30 minutes every time for group B.AOT group was further divided into group C(n=10)and group D (n=11), and received AOT in addition, 20 minutes every time for group C, and 30 minutes every time for group D,five times each week for twelve weeks for all the groups.Before treatment,eight and twelve weeks af-ter treatment, they were assessed with hand grip strength, Upper Extremities Functions Test (UEFT), and Wee Functional Independence Measure(WeeFIM). Results After treatment,the hand grip strength and the score of UEFT were better in group D than in groups B and C(P<0.05),and were better at twelve weeks than at eight weeks(P<0.05).No significant difference was found in the score of WeeFIM among groups after treatment(P>0.05). Conclusion AOT could improve upper limp function in children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy,and it's more ef-fective after more training.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of a sustained releasing mosquito larvicide package against larval breeding and its impact on water and plant,in order to provide a scientific evidence for its application in control and prevention of Dengue.Methods Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention was chosen as the test place.Twenty test sites were set up,2 bags of sustained releasing larvicides package,1 bag of sustained releasing larvicides package,3 g 1％ temephos granules and nothing were put into 4 glass bottles for each test site from July to December in 2014,respectively.The 4 glass bottles were called high dose (H) group,low dose (L)group,positive control (P) group and blank control (B) group,respectively.The 4 groups were observed at intervals of 10 days for 19 times.Environmental air temperature,turbidity of water,number of larvae and damage of plant were recorded.And 5 test sites were selected to collect water specimen.The chemical oxygen demand,ammonia nitrogen concentration and temephos concentration of water specimen were detected.Results The larval breeding rates were 0 (0/380),1.1％ (4/380),0.8％ (3/380) and 63.4％ (241/380),damage rates of plant were 5.0％ (19/380),5.5％ (21/380),4.7％ (18/380),4.7％ (18/380) and turbidty rates of water were 24.5％ (93/380),19.7％ (75/380),33.4％ (127/380) and 20.3％ (77/380) in H,L,P and B groups,respectively.Statistically significant differences were seen in larval breeding rate and turbidity rate of water between different groups (x2 =823.565,24.715,all P ＜ 0.05),but they were not seen in damage rate of plant (x2 =0.332,P ＞ 0.05).The temephos concentrations were 1.24,0.78 and 2.33 mg/L in H,L and P groups,respectively.Statistically significant differences were seen in temephos concentration between different groups (H =35.426,P ＜ 0.01),but they were not seen in chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen concentration (H =0.239,0.013,all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The sustained releasing package of mosquito larvicide makes less pollution to water and has no impact on water turbidity.Moreover,it doesn't damage the aquatic plant.The efficacy of the sustained releasing package of mosquito larvicide could effectively prevent mosquito larval breeding in Dengue epidemic period.

OBJECTIVEGas chromatography (GC) was used to investigate the cellular fatty acid (CFA) composition of 141 Acinetobacter baumannii and 32 A. calcoaceticus isolates from different locations in China and to find chemical markers to differentiate these two closely related bacteria.

METHODSWhole cell fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) were obtained by saponification, methylation, and extraction for GC analysis, followed by a standardized Microbial Identification System (MIS) analysis.

RESULTSAll A. baumannii and A. calcoaceticus strains contained some major fatty acids, namely, 18:1 ω9c, 16:0, Sum In Feature 3, 12:0, 17:1ω8c, 3-OH-12:0, 17:0, Sum In Feature 2, 2-OH-12:0, and 18:0 compounds. Although most of the total CFAs are similar between A. baumannii and A. calcoaceticus strains, the ratios of two pairs of CFAs, i.e., Sum In Feature 3/18:1 ω9c versus 16:0/18:1 ω9c and Sum In Feature 3/18:1 ω9c versus unknown 12.484/18:1 ω9c fatty acids, could differentiate these two closely related bacteria. A. baumannii could be easily classified into two subgroups by plotting some ratios such as Sum In Feature 3/16:0 versus 17:0 and Sum In Feature 3/2-OH-12:0 versus 17:0 fatty acids.

CONCLUSIONThe ratios of some CFAs could be used as chemical markers to distinguish A. baumannii from A. calcoaceticus.

Acinetobacter baumannii ; classification ; cytology ; metabolism ; Acinetobacter calcoaceticus ; classification ; cytology ; metabolism ; Biomarkers ; metabolism ; Fatty Acids ; metabolism ; Species Specificity

To investigate the relationship and significance of Wnt/b-catenin signaling pathway with caspase-3, XIAP, HSP27and Grp-78. The HCC cell line HepG2 was transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA) directed against b-catenin. After 72 and 96 h, protein was extracted and the protein expressions of b-catenin, caspase-3, XIAP, Grp-78 and HSP27 were detected by Western blot. b-catenin protein expression was inhibited at both time points and the expression at 96 h was higher than that at 72 h (F = 160.72, P is less than to 0.01). Interestingly, Caspase-3 protein expression was decreased at 72 h and increased to normal at 96 h (F = 136.10, P is less than to 0.01), while p-caspase-3 protein expression increased at 72 h and decreased to normal at 96 h (F = 98.65, P is less than to 0.01). XIAP protein expression decreased at 72 h (F = 37.29, P is less than to 0.01) and increased at 96 h. Grp-78 protein expression increased at 72 h and decreased to normal at 96 h ( F = 58.72, P is less than to 0.01). HSP27 protein expression showed no change following transfection ( F = 1.91, P is more than to 0.05). Wnt/b-catenin signaling pathway is related to the protein expressions of caspase-3, XIAP and Grp-78, but not related to HSP27 protein expression in HCC. Wnt/b-catenin signaling pathway may participate in the regulation of HCC apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation through affecting these factors.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Caspase 3 ; Catenins ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; Wnt Signaling Pathway ; beta Catenin ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of alloy leaching liquor of four different types of base metal alloy on the expression of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) and cyclo-oxygenase-2(COX-2) by human gingival fibroblast(HGF) in vitro.

METHODSNi-Cr, Co-Cr, pure Ti and Au ceramic alloys were incubated in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) to prepare alloy leaching liquor, and then added in HGF medium. DMEM was prepared as negative control. Aliquots were taken from exposed media after 1, 6, 12, 24 h. Assays for PGE(2) were carried out by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

RESULTSIn 6, 12, 24 h, the expression of PGE(2) in Ni-Cr and Co-Cr alloy groups (Ni-Cr: 45.568 ± 0.926, 60.538 ± 0.988, 73.754 ± 0.507; Co-Cr: 40.496 ± 0.693, 53.216 ± 0.327, 65.470 ± 1.086) were significantly higher than those in other experimental groups (Ti: 31.564 ± 0.719, 31.998 ± 0.856, 32.066 ± 0.513; Au alloy: 31.540 ± 0.821, 31.136 ± 0.518, 31.340 ± 0.443) and control group (31.122 ± 0.642, 31.230 ± 0.634, 30.980 ± 0.746) (P < 0.05). No significant difference were found in the expression of PGE(2) among pure Ti, Au alloy groups and the control group (P > 0.05). Immunofluorescence showed dark and uniform COX-2 stain in Ni-Cr and Co-Cr alloy groups, while in pure Ti group, Au alloy group, and negative control group shallow and uneven distribution of COX-2 stain were observed.

CONCLUSIONSOur findings suggested that pure Ti and Au alloy did not cause elevated PGE(2) and COX-2 release from HGF. However, Ni-Cr and Co-Cr alloy caused increase in PGE(2) and COX-2 levels.

Cells, Cultured ; Chromium Alloys ; adverse effects ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; metabolism ; Dental Alloys ; adverse effects ; Dinoprostone ; metabolism ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; metabolism ; Gingiva ; cytology ; Gold Alloys ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Titanium ; adverse effects

Abstract?AIM: To investigate mechanism of bradykinin ( BK) on inflammations of retinal pigment epithelium ( RPE) cells.?METHODS: ARPE -19 cells were cultured in vitro, stimulated by 100nM BK for 24h. Cell morphology changes were observed by microscope, and BK receptor localization was detected through cell immunofluorescence. Changes of Ca2+in BK and BR antagonist stimuli were detected by laser scanning confocal microscopy.The expressions of COX-1, COX-2, eNOS and iNOS protein in control group and BK group were detected by Western Blot.?RESULTS: After the stimulation of BK, there was no significant changes of ARPE-19 cells in morphology.Kinin B1 receptors ( B1R ) and B2 receptors ( B2R ) could be detected in ARPE-19 cells.Compared with control group, Ca2+concentrations significantly increased in BK group; in B1R antagonist group and B2R antagonist group Ca2+concentrations increased less than BK group; B1R and B2R antagonist group showed no obvious changes in Ca2+concentrations.Compared with control group, COX-2 and iNOS protein concentrations were significantly increased in BK group (P<0.001).?CONCLUSION:BK induces the increasing expression of COX-2 and iNOS in the cultured ARPE cells through binding with either B1R or B2R.

OBJECTIVETo study on the inhibitory action of combined acupuncture and medicine therapy on the model rat of hyperplasia of mammary glands and the mechanism.

METHODSThe model rat of hyperplasia of mammary glands were prepared. After modelling, they were randomly divided into an acupuncture group, a Chinese drug group and a combined acupuncture and drug group, a control group and a model group. Except both the control group and the model group, other 4 groups were treated respectively with acupuncture, Chinese drug, combined acupuncture and Chinese drug, and Premormine, once each day, 9 sessions constituting one course. After treatment of 3 courses (30 days), changes of the breast tissue form were observed, and the diameter and the area of the acina cavity were determined and expressions of estrogen receptor subgroups (ERalpha and ERbeta) were detected with immunohistochamical methods.

RESULTSThe diameter and the area of the acina cavity were increased in the model group as compared with those in the normal group (both P < 0.01), and in the treatment group they were decreased as compared with those in the model group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01)); both acupuncture and Chinese drug could up-regulate the expression of ERbeta and down-regulate the expression of ERalpha.

CONCLUSIONBoth acupuncture and moxibustion, and Chinese medicine have inhibitory action on hyperplasia of mammary glands in the rat, with the strongest inhibitory action of the combined acupuncture and medicine treatment which is basically close to the level of Premormine. The mechanism is possily related with the up-regulation of ERbeta expression and down-regulation of ERalpha expression.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Animals ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Estrogen Receptor alpha ; analysis ; Estrogen Receptor beta ; analysis ; Female ; Hyperplasia ; Mammary Glands, Animal ; chemistry ; drug effects ; pathology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo construct a morphine tolerance model in primarily cultured striatal neurons, and screen the differentially expressed genes in this model using suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH).

METHODSSbtracted cDNA libraries were constructed using SSH from normal primarily cultured striatal neurons and long-term morphine treated striatal neurons (10-5 mol/L for 72 hours). To check reliability of the cell culture model, RT-PCR was performed to detect the cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB) mRNA expression. The subtracted clones were prescreened by PCR. The clones containing inserted fragments from forward libraries were sequenced and submitted to GenBank for homology analysis. And the expression levels of genes of interest were confirmed by RT-PCR. Results CREB mRNA expression showed a significant increase in morphine treated striatal neurons (62.85 ± 1.98) compared with normal striatal neurons (28.43 ± 1.46, P < 0.01). Thirty-six clones containing inserted fragments were randomly chosen for sequence analysis. And the 36 clones showed homology with 19 known genes and 2 novel genes. The expression of 2 novel genes, mitochondrial carrier homolog 1 (Mtch1; 96.81 ± 2.04 vs. 44.20 ± 1.31, P < 0.01) and thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1 (Akt1; 122.10 ± 2.17 vs. 50.11 ± 2.01, P < 0.01), showed a significant increase in morphine-treated striatal neurons compared with normal striatal neurons.

CONCLUSIONSA reliable differential cDNA library of striatal neurons treated with long-term morphine is constructed. Mtch1 and Akt1 might be the candidate genes for the development of morphine tolerance.

Analgesics, Opioid ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Corpus Striatum ; cytology ; Drug Tolerance ; physiology ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Library ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Morphine ; pharmacology ; Neurons ; cytology ; drug effects ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; methods ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods

Objective To explore the approach in relieving intestinal tympanites in severe hepatitis and cirrhosis patients. Methods The reformed 8# anal tube was linked to a simple negative pressure aspirator to carry out negative pressure blind enema. Abdomen massage was conducted at the same time. The effects 15 minutes and 30 minutes after the therapy were compared between the hepatitis group and the liver cirrhosis group. Results There were good effects in the two groups. But there was no obviously significant meaning in each index for the two groups treated for 15 minutes and 30 minutes. Conclusions Negative pressure rectal tube suction in combination with abdomen massage could effectively relieve intestinal tympanites in severe hepatitis and cirrhosis pateints. The therapy generally takes effect after 15 minutes of treatment.

Objective To explore the protection effect of the spray disinfection of proofed breathable isolation gown on the nursing operation in infection department,so as to provide some evidence for replace the ordinary isolation gown that use in clinic.Methods Totals of fourteen nurses in infection department were recruited and six nurses dressed on waterproof breathable isolation gown and adopted the spray disinfection as the experiment group,eight nurses were dressed on ordinary isolation gown as the control group.Three test points of the shoulder,cuff and abdomen on the isolation gown and each size was 5 cm × 5 cm,were selected and the number of bacterial colony was observed.Results In the control group,there was no significant difference in the number of bacterial colony between the cuff and the chest( P ＞0.05 ),and the bacterial number of abdomen was significandy higher than that of the chest ( t =- 3.737,P =0.002 ).While there was no significant difference in the number of bacterial colony between three test points in the experiment group( P ＞ 0.05 ) and the difference of the number of bacterial colony in the cuff and chest point between two groups was not significant (P ＞0.05 ).Abdominal area pollution colonies in experiment group was significantly lower than that in control group[ (0.83±1.17) cfu/cm2 vs (17.40±9.77) cfu/cm2,t=-4.085;P=0.002].Conclusions During the nursing operation in the infection department,the most vulnerable contamination part of ordinary isolation gown is abdominal area,secondary is cuff,and chest part is followed.While the spray disinfection of waterproofed breathable isolation gown can significantly reduce bacteria number on the abdominal area,and is convenient operation,which can be popularized in clinic.