The tuberous roots of Aconitum carmichaeli are largely used in traditional Chinese medicine and widely grown in Jiangyou, Sichuan, China. During the growth process, this medicinal plant releases a large amount of allelochemicals into soil, which retard the growth and development of near and late crops. Therefore, a pure culture experiment was thus carried out by seed soaking to study the allelopathic effects of extracts from tuberous roots of A. carmichaeli (ETR) on the seed germination and young seedling growth of Lolium perenne, Trifolium repens, and Medicago sativa, the late pasture grasses after cultivation of A. carmichaeli. The results showed that three pasture grasses varied significantly in seed germination and young seedling growth in response to ETR concentrations. Seed germination of M. sativa was stimulated by low ERT concentration (0.01 x g(-1)), while all of pasture grass seeds germinated poorly in solution with 1.00 g x L(-1). Seed soaking with 1.00 g x L(-1) also inhibited significantly the growth of pasture young seedlings, with M. sativa showing the highest seedling height reduction of 42.05% in seeding height, followed by T. repens (40.21%) and L. perenne with about 11%. Cultivation of L. perenne could thus be beneficial to increase whole land productivity in A. carmichaeli-pasture grass cropping systems. In addition, hydrolysis of protein, starch, and inositol phosphates was blocked and free amino acids, soluble sugars and phosphorus were decreased in seeds by seed soaking with ETR, which could be one of the reason for the inhibition of seed germination. There was a significant reduction in root vigor, nitrate reductase, and chlorophyll after the seed treatment with ETR, indicating the suppression of nutrient uptake, nitrate assimilation, and photosynthesis by allelopathic chemicals in ETR, which could lead to the slow growth rate of pasture grass seedlings.
Aconitum ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Allelopathy ; China ; Pheromones ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Plant Extracts ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Poaceae ; drug effects ; growth & development

Candida shehatae xyl1 gene and Pichia stipitis xyl2 gene were amplified by PCR and the xyl1 and xyl2 were both placed under the promoter GAL of vector pYES2 to produce the recombinant expression vector pYES2-P12. Subsequently the pYES2-P12 vector was transformed into S. cerevisiae YS58 by LiAc to produce the recombinant yeast YSS8-12. It was indicate that the recombinant yeast YSS8-12 could converse xylose to ethanol with the xylose consumption rate of 81. 3%.

To study the chemical constituents of the traditional Chinese herb Baeckea Frutescens L., a new flavonol glycoside, named 6, 8-dimethylkaempferol-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside (1), together with seven known compounds: quercetin (2), quercetin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside (3), myricetin (4), myricetin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside (5), gallic acid (6), ursolic acid (7) and 1,3-dihydroxy-2-(2'-methoxylpropionyl)-5-methoxy-6-methylbenzene (8) were isolated by using silica gel column chromatography, polyamide column chromatography and recrytallization. Their structures were identified on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectroscopic analysis. Among them, compounds 2-7 were isolated from this plant for the first time and compound 8 was first isolated from plant.
Flavonoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flavonols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glycosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Kaempferols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Myrtaceae ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quercetin ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Toluene ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Triterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

Child, Preschool ; Disease Outbreaks ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Mumps ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Mumps Vaccine ; Treatment Outcome

ObjectiveTo find incidence rate of no-suicide self injury (NSSI) of junior school students in Dalian city,and to provide some evidences for interventions for them.MethodsRandomly drawn out 1463 junior school students were served as study objects.All objects were evaluated with Ottawa Self-Injury Inventory (OSI) and self-made investigate questionnaire,75 no-suicide self-injury were screening out.ResultsThe incidence ratio of NSSI of junior school students was 5.4％,there were no significant different between the male and female students.The highest incidence ratio was found at 13 years old.The average age for first-time self-harm was (12.24±1.344) years old.There were no significant different between the male and the female students( t=- 1.415,P =0.163 ) ; Cutting Skin was the most common way of NSSI ( 12.0％ ) ; Ideation of 80％ of the NSSI was from their Own Idea.2.7％ of the NSSI can Feel Relief through NSSI behavior.93％ of NSSI was to regulate their mood.100％ students of NSSI against NSSI behavior byReading Books or Listening Music,in which 60％ of NSSI believe the method was helpful to relax their mind.78.5％ of the NSSI resisted NSSI behavior by Watching TV or Playing Games,but they did not get enough effects.60％ NSSI considered themselves without the need to treat.41.3％ of NSSI had never been to treat.2.5％ of NSSI went to hospital for the wound.ConclusionNSSI is often be found in junior school students,and highest ratio is at 13 years old.The most common method of NSSI is Cutting Skin.More NSSI aim is to release their emotion,and self-injury behavior accordance with their inner thoughts.NSSI behavior often is secret,and reading and listening to music is cut off from the relative effective way to conduct.NSSI are seldom to initiative doctor,and education organ,parents and society in a three-dimensional one of the system is necessary.

Objective To observe the effects of different doses of sinomenine on toll-like receptor (TLR) 2, TLR4 and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (Myd88) in cartilage of rabbit knee osteoarthritis model; To discuss its mechanism of action. Methods Knee osteoarthritis model was established by Hulth method. Experimental rabbits were randomly divided into control group, model group, sinomenine low-, medium-and high-dose groups. Blank group received no processing. Model group, sinomenine low-, medium-and high-dose groups received intra-articular injection of normal saline and sinomenine 0.2 mL (5 mg), 0.35 mL (8.75 mg) and 0.5 mL (12.5 mg) respectively, for 10 times. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot were used to detect m RNA and protein expressions of TLR2, TLR4 and My D88 in cartilage. Results m RNA and protein expressions of TLR2, TLR4 and MyD88 in model group significantly increased compared with control group (P＜0.01); compared with model group, m RNA and protein expressions of TLR2, TLR4 and My D88 in sinomenine medium-and high-dose groups decreased significantly (P＜0.05, P＜0.01). Conclusion Sinomenine can inhibit the cartilage immune response of rabbit knee osteoarthritis by down-regulating expressions of key molecules in the TLR/My D88 pathway.

· AIM:To investigate the effect of sodium hyaluronate eye drops combined with vitamin A palmitate ophthalmic gel on levels of tear film stability and inflammatory cytokines in patients with dry eye.· METHODS:A total of 100 patients with dry eye treated in our hospital from January 2015 to February 2017 were randomly divided into control group and observation group,50 cases in each group.Patients in the control group were treated with sodium hyaluronate eye drops.Patients in the observation group were given vitamin A palmitate ophthalmic gel on the basis of the control group,and then the clinical efficacy,tear film stability and the level of inflammatory cytokines were detected in the two groups.· RESULTS:After treatment,the levels of BUT and S I t in both groups increased significantly compared with that before treatment,and FL was significantly lower than that before treatment.The levels of BUT and S I t in the observation group after treatment were 11.24±0.22s and I1.4 ± 0.17mm/5min respectively,which was high than that of control groups(P＜0.05).FL level was 1.78±0.10 points,which was significantly lower than that of the control group after treatment (P＜0.05).After treatment,the levels of IL-1β and TNF-αsignificantly decreased in both groups.The levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in the observation group were 34.38± 5.58ng/L and 134.47 ± 12.14ng/L,significantly lower than those of the control group after treatment,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The total effective rate of observation group after treatment was 91.7％,significantly higher than that of the control group after treatment,the difference was statistically significant (P＜ 0.05).· CONCLUSION:Sodium hyaluronate eye drops combined with vitamin A palmitate ophthalmic gel can relieve the symptoms of patients with dry eye effectively,increase the stability of tear film,and reduce the levels of inflammatory factors in tears,which is reliable in clinical application.

Objective:To study the molecular biology mechanisms of Wistar rats after spinal cord injury, and find out key microRNAs. Methods:A total of 15 Wistar rats were divided into control group (n = 3) and spinal cord injury group (n = 12). The latter group was divided into four hours, three days, seven days and 14 days subgroups, with three rats in each subgroup. Microarray 3.0 was used to investigate microRNA expression profiles of Wistar rats with spinal cord injury. Bioinformatics was used to predict microRNAs playing key regulatory roles, and to predict target genes. Reverse transcription real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was applied to detect the expression of miR-20a-3p. Western blotting was employed to detect the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 level. The correlation between target protein and microRNA expression trend in each group was analyzed. The key microRNA was inhibited in the neurons. The relationship between target protein expression and axon growth was observed with immunofluorescence. Results:In the rats with spinal cord injury, totally 658 microRNAs had changed at least once. In all the altered microRNAs, miR-20a-3p was upregulated obviously. It predicted that the target gene of miR-20a-3p was STAT3 via application of bioinformatics analysis. The expression trend of STAT 3 and miR-20a-3p in spinal cord was opposite. After the inhibition of miR-20a-3p, the expression of STAT3 in neurons was unregulated and axonal growth was extended. Conclusion:The upregulation of miR-20a-3p leads to downregulation of STAT3, and miR-20a-3p is one of the key targets in the treatment of spinal cord injury.

Objective To construct the eukaryotic expression vector of LDHA with Flag label and detect its effects on the growth of human choroidal melanoma (CM) MUM-2B cells.Methods CM cells line MUM-2B subcultured by the Military Academy of Sciences were divided into two groups:experimental group and control group.The experimental group was transiently transfected with Flag-LDHA plasmid,and the control group was transiently transfected with Flag plasmid.Using the Flag-LDHA with GST label as a template,the LDHA gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR),which then was inserted into eukaryotic expression vector of Flag,and the recombinant plasmid Flag-LDHA was identified by bacterial liquid PCR,double enzyme digestion and sequencing,both which were transiently transfected into human CM MUM-2B cells after successful identification,and finally,its expression was determined by Western blot.The biology behaviors of melanoma cell line MUM-2B transfected with Flag-LDHA and Flag plasmid were analyzed by counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assays.Results The coding region sequence of LDHA gene of approximately 1000 bp was harvested from PCR amplification,which was successfully cloned into the Flag vector.Compared with the control group,the PCR result of the bacterial liquid in the experimental group was positive.The double enzyme digestion results showed that eukaryotic expression vector of Flag with a length of about 4000 bp Flag vector and a 1000 bp LDHA gene band.And the sequencing results indicated that the inserted sequence was completely in consonance with the coding sequence of the LDHA gene.Western blot results showed the successful expression of recombinant plasmid Flag-LDHA in MUM-2B melanoma cells.CCK8 assays demonstrated that Flag-LDHA recombinant plasmid could promote the growth of melanoma cell line MUM-2B.Conclusion The eukaryotic expression vector of Flag-LDHA was successfully constructed,which can promote the growth of melanoma cell line MUM-2B.This will lay the foundation for studying the function of LDHA in the initiation and progression of human CM.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of acupoint Shuigou (GV 26) and non-acupoint on inhibiting the neuronal necrosis induced by the middle cerebral artery obstruction (MCAO) in rats through the morphological observation.

METHODSForty two healthy adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a normal group, false-ope ration group, model control group, non-acupuncture group, Shuigou-acupuncture group and non-acupoint acupuncture group, 7 rats in each group. Besides the normal and false-operation groups, the experimental modal of MCAO was established in the other groups by using the Zea-Longa thread method. Acupoint Shuigou (GV 26) and non-acupoint (below the costal region) were selected respectively in the Shuigou-acupuncture group and non-acupoint acupuncture group for puncturing at 180 times/min for 5 seconds. Its effect was estimated by measuring the rate of the neuronal necrosis at the level of the light microscope and the degree of the neuronal necrosis at the level of the electron microscope.

RESULTS(1) At the level of the light microscope, comparing with the model control group (0.66 +/- 0.18), of the neuronal necrosis there were no significant differences in the rate of neuronal necrosis in the non-acupuncture group (0.67 +/- 0.34) and non-acupoint acupuncture group (0.59 +/- 0.11) (both P > 0.05), while it was significantly decreased in the Shuigou-acupuncture group (0.200 +/- 12) (P < 0.05). It indicates that no intervention and wrong (non-acupoint) intervention could light the damage of the neurons, however, only right intervention (Shuigou, GV 26) can obviously decrease the rate of the neuronal necrosis, showing with the specificity of acupoint. (2) At the level of the electron microscope, the ultrastructure of the involved neurons in the non-acupuncture group and non-acupoint acupuncture group is similar to that of the model control group, showing with the serious edema and structure damage. In contrast, the ultrastructure of the involved neurons in the Shuigou-acupuncture group is similar to that of the normal group and false-operation group, showing with light neuronal damage.

CONCLUSIONAcupuncturing Shuigou (GV 26) could protect the involved neurons and inhibit the neuronal necrosis induced by the MCAO in rats, but acupuncturing the non-acupoint couldn't, which imply that there is the specificity of acupoint in the acupuncture.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Animals ; Brain Ischemia ; pathology ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Male ; Necrosis ; Neurons ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar