OBJECTIVETo evaluate the role of undermining orbicularis oculi muscle from Orbital rim for the correction of tear trough deformity and palabromalar groove in lower blepharoplasty.

METHODS56 cases of lower eye baggy deformity with tear trough deformity and palabromalar groove were treated with the procedure of stripping eye orbicularis oculi muscle from orbital rim by a transcutaneous approach in lower blepharoplasty. The orbital septum was opened along the arcus marginalis for releasing the orbital fat. Some orbital fat was removed if necessary. Then the inferior edge of the orbital septum fat was reset over the orbital rim so as to smooth the infraorbital groove.

RESULTS56 patients were available for 6 to 18 month's follow-up. 54 patients were quite satisfied with the cosmetic result. One developed lower eyelid retraction and another one showed asymmetrical subcutaneous local uneven after 1 month's. They were all corrected by the second operation after 3 months.

CONCLUSIONSStripping orbicularis oculi muscle from orbital rim plays an important role for the correction of tear trough deformity and palabromalar groove in lower blepharoplasty.

Adult ; Aged ; Blepharoplasty ; methods ; Eyelids ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of bear bile powder (BBP) on the STAT3 pathway and its downstream target genes of nude mice hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) xenograft, and to explore its mechanism for treating HCC.

METHODSThe subcutaneous xenograft model was established using HepG2 cells. When the subcutaneous transplanted tumor was formed, naked mice were randomly divided into two groups, the BBP group and the control group. Mice in the BBP group were administered with BBP by gastrogavage, once daily for 3 consecutive weeks, while mice in the control group were administered with normal saline by gastrogavage, once daily for 3 consecutive weeks. The body weight and the tumor volume were measured once per week. By the end of medication, the tumor weight was weighed and the tumor inhibition ratio calculated. The apoptosis of the tumor tissue was detected by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). The expression of Bcl2-associated X protein (Bax), B cell lymphoma/eukemina-2 (Bcl-2), cyclin-dependent protein kinase (CDK4), cyclinD1 were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The protein expression levels of signal transducers and transcription activators 3 (p-STAT3), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Bax, Bcl-2, CDK4, and cyclinD1 were determined by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSBBP could inhibit the tumor volume and tumor weight, showing statistical difference when compared with the control group (P < 0.01). Results of TUNEL showed that BBP could significantly induce the apoptosis of hepatoma carcinoma cells. Results of RT-PCR showed that BBP could up-regulate the expression of Bax and down-regulate mRNA expression of Bcl-2, CDK4, and cyclinD1. Immunohistochemical results showed that BBP could up-regulate the expression of Bax and inhibit the protein expression of p-STAT3, PCNA, Bcl-2, CDK4, and cyclinD1.

CONCLUSIONBBP could induce the apoptosis of hepatoma carcinoma cells and inhibit their proliferation by regulating STAT3 pathway.

Animals ; Bile ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cyclin D1 ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; STAT3 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Ursidae ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; virology ; Inflammation ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; virology ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents in Agrimonia pilosa.

METHODThe compounds were isolated and purified by various column chromatographic methods and elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidences.

RESULTNine flavonoids were obtained and identified as tiliroside (1), kaempferol 3-O-alpha-L-rhampyranoside (2), quercetin 3-O-alpha-L-rhampyranoside (3), quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (4), kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (5), kaempferol (6), apigenin (7), luteolin (8), quercetin (9).

CONCLUSIONCompounds 1-3, 5, 6 and 8 were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Agrimonia ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo investigate the methods of preoperative diagnosis and differentiation of different pathological tissue in middle ear and mastoid.

METHODSThe temporal bone lamellar CT findings in 106 patients with chronic suppurative otitis media (including cholesteatoma) were retrospectively analyzed. The CT value of pathological tissue were measured for 183 times and were compared with the surgical findings and postoperative pathological findings to definitude the CT value range of different pathological tissue. Sixty patients taken from 106 patients at random were analyzed and made the diagnosis again by the same doctor team according to the CT value of the different pathological tissue and surrounding histoclasia resulted by pathological tissue. The diagnose accordance rate was compared with the routine diagnose report from radiology department. The predetective diagnosis was made in 10 patients with chronic suppurative otitis media according to clinical manifestation (pathological changes of tympanic membrane, nature of otorrhea, character of hearing), temporal bone lamellar CT finding (CT value of pathological tissue, surrounding histoclasia) to validate the value of this study for preoperative diagnosis and differentiation of different pathological tissue in middle ear and mastoid.

RESULTSThe CT value of cholesteatoma, granulation tissue, cholesteatoma combined with granulation tissue, effusion, calcified tissue, thickened and polypoid membrane was respectively (46.6 +/- 10.3) Hu, (26.6 +/-7.4) Hu, (42.1 +/- 11.4) Hu, (- 24.6 +/- 9.2) Hu, (223.6 +/- 63.7) Hu, (23.8 +/- 8.5) Hu. The diagnose accordance rate in 60 patients who were analyzed and made diagnosis again according to the CT value of the different pathological tissue and surrounding histoclasia resulted by pathological tissue raised from 68. 3% to 81.7% ( P < 0.05) . The predetective diagnose accordance rate reached at 90% according to clinical manifestation, temporal bone lamellar CT.

CONCLUSIONSIt was not reliable to diagnose and differentially diagnose different pathological tissue in middle ear and mastoid only by the CT value, however, the CT value could still be considered to be a very significant information. The accurate rates of diagnosis and differentiation of different pathological tissue in middle ear and mastoid obviously raised by synthetically analyzing various kinds of pathological tissues in middle ear and mastoid according to clinical manifestation, temporal bone lamellar CT finding.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mastoid ; diagnostic imaging ; Middle Aged ; Otitis Media, Suppurative ; diagnostic imaging ; Retrospective Studies ; Temporal Bone ; diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult

AIMTo study the sensitizing effect of acemetacin (ACE) on the weak chemiluminescent (CL) reaction of KMnO4 with sulfite and establish a fast and convenient method for CL detection of ACE.

METHODSUsing the sensitizing effect of ACE on KMnO4-Na2SO3 system and flow injection technique to determine the concentration of ACE.

RESULTSUnder optimal conditions, the CL intensity of 1.0 x 10(-2) mol x L(-1) H3PO4 - 5.0 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1) KMnO4 - 4.0 x 10(-4) mol x L(-1) Na2SO3 was proportional to the concentration of ACE ranging from 1.0 x 10(-7) to 1.0 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1). The detection limit of ACE was 6.9 x 10(-8) mol x L(-1) at 3sigma. Satisfactory results were obtained for determination of ACE at 2.5 x 10(-6) mol x L(-1).

CONCLUSIONThe present method showed good precision, high sensitivity and selectivity and could be used for fast and convenient detection of ACE. It would be of significance to the clinical and pharmacological study of acemetacin.

Flow Injection Analysis ; methods ; Indomethacin ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis ; Luminescent Measurements ; methods ; Potassium Permanganate ; chemistry ; Sulfites ; chemistry

Objective To observe the microanatomy of the bridging veins emptying into the superior sagittal sinus (SSS) for preservation of the bridging veins in surgeries through the anterior transcallosal approach. Methods Blue latex was injected into the SSS and internal jugular veins in 20 cadaver heads (40 sides), in which the bridging veins of the frontal zone and central zone were dissociated and their positions relative to the body surface were determined. Such indexes of the lateral veins in each zone as the caliber, the number of bridging veins, and convergence angle were determined. The opposite hemisphere was manipulated in an identical manner to measure the indexes of the sagittal sinus. Results in an area posterior to the frontal region of the SSS, a "safe zone" was identified where no bridging veins drained into the SSS, covering the area 32.6 nun anterior and 7.5 mm posterior to the coronal suture. After complete dissociation of the bridging veins near the longitudinal fissure in the "safe zone", the fissure allowed an opening width of 4.48～10.86 mm. Conclusion Thorough knowledge of the venous anatomy can help avoid the bridging veins in the anterior transcallosal approach. Total dissociation of the sticking segment and arachnoid segment of the bridging veins can broaden the opening width of the longitudinal fissure without increasing the tension of the bridging veins to better preserve the bridging veins during surgery.

OBJECTIVETo introduce the design and application of the expanded transposition skin flap in the treatment of cheek skin defects.

METHODSThe expanded transposition flaps were divided into three types: the regular expanded transposition flap (ERT flap), the expanded transposition-advancement-transposition flap (TAT flap) and the expanded rotation-advancement-transposition flap (RAT flap). 135 cases of cheek skin defects resulted from hemangioma, scar and naevi were treated with these three types of flaps. Delay surgery was needed when the ratio of length to width was bigger than 2 : 1.

RESULTSThere were 139 expanded transposition flaps, including 17 ERT flaps, 69 TAT flaps, 53 RAT flaps. Blood supply disturbance was happened at the end of the flaps in 6 cases, including 2 ERT flaps and 4 other flaps. Other flaps had no complication. The results were satisfactory.

CONCLUSIONSThe expanded transposition skin flap is a reliable method to repair the cheek skin defect. The preoperative flap design is very important for successful reconstruction.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cheek ; surgery ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; classification ; Tissue Expansion ; Wound Healing ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore a novel non-invasive method in detection of thyroid cancer by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.

METHODSSurface FTIR spectra of 15 cases of thyroid cancer and 51 cases of normal subjects were collected. 22 variables of 11 bands including peak positions and relative intensities were measured and all data were statistically analyzed.

RESULTSIn the cancer group: (1) the peak position of 1743 cm(-1) was shifted toward higher wave number (P < 0.05), and that of 1250 cm(-1) to the lower (P < 0.05), when compared to those of normal ones. (2) The relative intensity ratios of I(1546)/I(1460), I(1250)/I(1460), I(1120)/I(1460), I(1080)/I(1460) were significantly increased (P < 0.05). (3) The presence rate of band of 1340 cm(-1) was significantly decreased (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONFTIR surface spectra may become a novel powerful non-invasive approach of detecting thyroid cancer in regular routine check-up.

Humans ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; methods ; Thyroid Gland ; chemistry ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; chemistry ; diagnosis

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficacy of implanted biliary metallic stents in the management of malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ).

METHODSPercutaneous transhepatic cholangiography and stent insertion were performed in 241 consecutive patients to treat malignant biliary obstruction between December 1998 and February 2009. The study end point was patient death. All patients were followed-up until death or until February 2010. The therapeutic efficacy was determined by statistical analysis of life span and pre- and post-operative laboratory indices.

RESULTSAll 241 patients were successfully stented. The level of bilirubin descended obviously within four weeks of implantation (P less than 0.05), and the early mortality rate was 4.56% (11/241). Two-hundred-and-two patients were followed-up (range: 8-193 weeks post-transplantation) and showed a median survival of 43.55 weeks. The survival rates at 13, 26, 39 and 52 weeks post-transplantation were 87%, 66%, 56%, and 41%, respectively. The stent patency rates at 13, 26, 39 and 52 weeks post-transplantation were 70%, 46%, 36% and 24%, respectively; the mean stent patency was 27.57 weeks. Cox regression analysis identified the strong predictors of improved survival as an initial bilirubin level of less than 221 mumol/L (P = 0.01) and a stent-induced bilirubin reduction of more than 50% (P = 0.002).

CONCLUSIONTranshepatic metallic biliary stenting is a safe and effective therapeutic intervention for malignant biliary obstruction. Significant periods of survival and palliation of jaundice can be achieved with this method. Hyperbilirubinemia and a stent-induced bilirubin reduction of less than 50% are independent predictive factors for the survival of MOJ patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biliary Tract Surgical Procedures ; Bilirubin ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Jaundice, Obstructive ; surgery ; Male ; Metals ; Middle Aged ; Stents ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome