Chromatography, Gas ; Humans

China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Trimethyltin Compounds ; analysis ; poisoning

Adolescent ; Adult ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; pathology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; pathology ; therapy

Background Some researching results of sodium hyaluronate eye drops treating dry eye have been reported home and abroad.To evaluate these results using the method of evidence-based medicine (EBM) has an important clinical significance.Objective This secondary study was to systematically evaluate the efficacy of sodium hyaluronate eye drops for the treatment of dry eye.Methods Meta analysis was adopted in this study.The electronic bibliographic databases were searched according to the prescribed strategy,including Medline,PubMed,VIP,CBM,CNKI,Wanfang Data using the method of Cochrane systematic review.The literature published time was limited from the commencement of each database to December,2011.Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of sodium hyaluronate eye drops treating dry eye were included and the methodological quality of the RCTs was assessed by two evaluators using Jadad measuring scale,and homogeneous evaluation by Meta-analysis was performed.Statistical analysis of clinical data was performed using RevMan 5.0 software provided by the Cochrane Collaboration.With odds ratio (OR) value as the effect index,the randomized effect model was used to analyze the clinical heterogeneity.Results A total of 4 RCTs involving 686 patients were included.Jadad scale evaluation showed 7 points in 2 literature,4 points in 1 literature and 2 points in 1 literature.In all the RCTs,344 patients with dry eye were treated using sodium hyaluronate as the sodium hyaluronate eye drops group,and 342 dry eyes applied placebo,normal saline solution,hydroxymethyl cellulose,hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose respectively as the control group.Meta-analysis indicated that the total effective rate (OR) was 2.55 with the 95％ confidence interval (CI) 0.94-6.93.The symptoms were improved in 183 cases in the experiment group and 130 cases in the control group.No significant difference was found in the OR between the sodium hyaluronate eye drops group and the control group (Z =1.84,P=0.07).Conclusions Meta-analysis indicates that sodium hyaluronate eye drops can improve the symptom of dry eye,but have no significence with the control group.However,owing to fewer number and uneven quality of included RCTs,the large sample size and multicenter of RCTs is still needed to verify the superiority of sodium hyaluronate eye drops for dry eye.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of prenatal stress on neurological functions after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in adult offspring rats.

METHODSPregnant rats were randomly assigned to prenatal stress treatment, which was exposed to restraint three times daily in the last week of pregnancy, and no prenatal stress treatment. Adult male offspring rats were subjected to transient focal cerebral ischemia by MCAO. They were randomly divided into four groups: sham group, prenatal stress + sham group, MCAO group and prenatal stress + MCAO group (n = 10). After 24 hours of reperfusion, the neurological deficits were evaluated. The infarct size, cell apoptosis and expression of Caspase 3, cleaved Caspase 3 and Bcl-2 were detected.

RESULTSCompared with MCAO group, the neurological deficits, infarct size and apoptotic cells in prenatal stress + MCAO group were increased significantly (all P < 0.05). The expressions of Caspase 3 and cleaved Caspase 3 were much greater in prenatal stress + MCAO group than those of MCAO group, while the expression of Bcl-2 was significantly decreased in prenatal stress + MCAO group compared with MCAO group (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONPrenatal stress might exacerbate neuroloeical deficits in the offspring rats after MCAO by increasing cell apoptosis.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Female ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery ; physiopathology ; Ischemic Attack, Transient ; physiopathology ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ; physiopathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stress, Physiological

Air ; analysis ; Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Ethylene Oxide ; analysis ; Furans ; analysis ; Methylene Chloride ; analysis ; Workplace

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-dc), a methylation inhibitor, on cisplatin-resistance in non-small cell lung cancer cell line A549/DDP and to explore its possible mechanism.

METHODSMTT assay was used to test the cytotoxicity of 5-Aza-dc on A549/DDP cells, and the IC(50) and cisplatin resistance index of A540/DDP cells at 48 hours after 5-Aza-dc (0 µmol/L, 20 µmol/L, 40 µmol/L) treatment at different concentrations. MSP, fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR (real-time RT-PCR) and Western blot were used to detect the hMLH1 methylation status, mRNA and protein expressions, respectively.

RESULTSThe IC(50) value of cisplatin in A549/DDP cells was 30.15 ± 0.76 µmol/L. The MTT assay results demonstrated that during the 5-Aza-dc treatment for 48 hours, the dose of 20 µmol/L was non-toxic and 40 µmol/L was low-toxic. 5-Aza-dc at those two doses reduced IC(50) value of cisplatin to 16.54 ± 0.35 µmol/L (RI = 1.82) and 6.82 ± 0.16 µmol/L (RI = 4.42), respectively. MSP, real-time RT-PCR and Western blot showed that 5-Aza-dc at non-toxic and low-toxic doses removed the partial hMLH1-hypermethylation, and up-regulated hMLH1 mRNA and protein expressions.

CONCLUSIONSLow dose 5-Aza-dc can partially reverse the cisplatin-resistance in A549/DDP cells, which may be achieved through removal of hMLH1 hypermethylation and increased expression of hMLH1 gene. 5-Aza-dc may have a role in increasing the efficacy of chemotherapy for patients whose tumors are lack of hMLH1 expression because of hMLH1 promoter hypermethylation.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; genetics ; metabolism ; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Azacitidine ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cisplatin ; pharmacology ; DNA Methylation ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; MutL Protein Homolog 1 ; Nuclear Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism

The academic origin of homogeny of spleen and pancreas is explained from the aspect of Chinese medicine.The authors think spleen faihng to spread essence is the basic pathogenesis to diabetes mellitus.Spleen function of spreading essence is impaired.Thus essence of water and grain could not be spread in the whole body but amass sugar-turbidity,which manifests high blood sugar.Differentiating diabetes mellitus from the viewpoint of spleen,invigorating spleen and benefiting Qi could help spleen to ascend clear.Invigorating spleen-yin and clearing endogenous heat are used.The liver and kidney should be considered.The methods of dissipating phlegm and activating blood circulation could be combined.The treating idea of treating spleen is treating pancreas should be used in preventing and treating diabetes mellitus.

Objective To investigate perception of high performance work system (HPWS) and work engagement for hospital employees in Hangzhou,take work climate for concerning employees as a meditating factor to analyze how HPWS influences work engagement by setting structural equation model.Methods Using cluster random sampling to select 983 hospital employees for questionnaire survey,data was analyzed by statistical description,one-way ANOVA and SEM.Results Hospital employees' average work engagement score was 21.62 ± 4.37.Both HPWS and work climate for concerning employees had overall effects on work engagement for 0.63 and 0.44 respectively.Meanwhile,HPWS made a direct effect for 0.24 and indirect effect for 0.39 mediated by work climate for concerning employees.Conclusion Work engagement for hospital employees could be further enhanced and carrying out HPWS and work climate for concerning employees shall help hospital employees feel the organization put great importance on them and work even harder in return.

Female ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; physiopathology ; Thoracic Neoplasms ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Thoracic Wall ; pathology ; Young Adult