Development of an ultrasonic hyperthermia instrument's software based on ARM32 microprocessor is here introduced. The system integrates the embedded SOC system, memory system, PWM system, A/D system, JTAG debug system, UART communication system, I/O system and GUI system (include LCD, keyboard) in one PCB board. It effectively completes the control and constance of temperature through the improved PID algorithm, and the instrument miniaturization. Experiments have proved that the system accords with the design requirements.
Algorithms ; Humans ; Hyperthermia, Induced ; instrumentation ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; instrumentation ; Software Design ; Temperature ; Ultrasonics

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of Bushen Gujin Recipe (BGR) on serum and synovial expression of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) model rabbits.

METHODSTotally 36 8-month-old healthy male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups, i.e., the normal control group, the model group, the Western medicine group (Meloxicam, at the daily dose of 6 mg/kg), and the TCM group (BGR, at the daily dose of 53 g/kg), 9 in each group. Modeling was performed in all rabbits except those in the normal control group by using Hulth A method. All medication was performed for 8 consecutive weeks. Contents of IL-1 and TNF-α were detected using ELISA from serum, partial synovial tissue of the front knee joint, cartilage and subchondral bone of the medial femoral condyle.

RESULTSThe joint space became narrowed in the Western medicine group, ranging between the model group and the TCM group. The articular surface was rough with obvious osteophytes. The joint space was slightly narrower in the TCM group; the articular surface was slightly rough with mild osteophytes. Compared with the normal control group, contents of IL-1 and TNF-α in serum and synovial increased in the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, contents of IL-1 and TNF-α in serum and the synovial fluid decreased in the two treatment groups (P < 0.01). There was no statistical difference in contents of IL-1 and TNF-α between the Western medicine group and the TCM group.

CONCLUSIONBGR promoted the synthesis of cartilage matrix and carti- lage repair through inhibiting the secretion of IL-1 and TNF-α, and prolonging cartilage degeneration.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Interleukin-1 ; metabolism ; Knee Joint ; Male ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Rabbits ; Synovial Fluid ; Synovial Membrane ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

Objective To study adrenomedullin (AM) mRNA and protein expression level in myocardium of autoimmune myocarditis animal models induced by immunization of mice with lactobacillus casei cell wall element(LCWE). Methods Forty-five Balb/c male mice were randomly divided into experimental group (n = 30) and control group (n = 15), which were intraperitoneally injected with LCWE and phosphate buffered solution(PBS) at day 0,3,5 and 10,respectively. Sera and myocardium samples were gained 14,21 and 28 days after the first immunization. AM expression levels were determined by semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT- PCR) and immunchistochemistry,and mycardial histopathological lesions were observed. The anti- myosin antibodies in different stages were examined by an ELISA. Results There were myocardial necrosis or inflammatory infiltration in the experimental group, but myocardial lesions were not found in the control group. Anti - myosin antibodies were detected in sera of experimental mice,but not in control group. Immunchistochemistry findings demonstrated that AM expression level was higher in the experimental group than in the control group( P

Objective To study the relationship between facial skin conditions and TCM constitutional types; To provide new means and methods for guidance of skin conservation and skin health improvement from the aspect of constitutional types. Methods Totally 2241 female volunteers in nine provincial capital cities and municipalities participated in this research, and were investigated by web questionnaire. Constitutional types were determined according to the“Classification and Judgment of TCM Constitutional Types”standard issued by China Association of Chinese Medicine. Skin color, glossiness, delicate degree, moistness, firmness, resilience, uniformity and other indicators were scored. Skin conditions were classified into three groups:1-3 score group, 4-6 score group, and 7-9 score group, and the constitutional differences among each group were compared. Results Yang-deficiency and mild constitutional types accounted for the largest proportion. Yellowish skin color accounted for the largest proportion, and the next were white, dark and reddish. Yang-deficiency constitutional type accounted for the largest proportion in 1-3 score group, and the second was Qi-stagnation; Yang-deficiency and mild constitutional types accounted for the largest proportion in 4-6 score group; mild constitutional type accounted for the largest proportion in 7-9 score group. Conclusion People with mild constitutional type got highest score in every skin index, while biased constitutional types influenced the score in varied degrees. The constitutional types which influenced Chinese urban females’ facial skin index more were Yang-deficiency and Qi-stagnation constitutional types.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of Jinshuibao Capsule (JC) combined losartan potassium on some indices of early renal damage of hypertension patients of yin and yang deficiency syndrome (YYDS), such as levels of serum cystatin C (Cys C), beta2-microglobulin (beta2-MG), hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), uric acid (UA), blood pressure, blood lipids, and fasting blood glucose (FBG), and to explore their protective effects on early renal damage of hypertension patients and on the metabolisms of blood lipids and blood glucose.

METHODSTotally 106 hypertension patients of YYDS were randomly assigned to two groups, 53 patients in the control group (treated by losartan potassium) and 53 patients in the treatment group (treated by JC + losartan potassium). The treatment lasted for 16 weeks. The serum changes of UA, Cys C, beta2-MG, hs-CRP, blood lipids [including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)], and FBG levels were measured to evaluate the renal protective effects and to assess their effect on the metabolisms of blood lipids and blood glucose.

RESULTSCompared with before treatment in the same group, the systolic blood pressure (SBP) decreased in the two groups after treatment, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), but there was no statistical difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). The diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was not obviously declined in the two groups after treatment, showing no statistical difference. Compared with before treatment in the same group, the LDL-C level decreased obviously after treatment in the control group. But there was no obvious change in FBG, TC, HDL-C, and TG in the control group, showing no statistical difference when compared with before treatment (P < 0.05). The FBG, TC, and LDL-C obviously decreased in the treatment group more obviously after treatment than before treatment, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). There was no statistical difference when compared with the control group after treatment (P > 0.05). Compared with before treatment in the same group, the levels of UA, Cys C, beta2-MG, and hs-CRP all decreased in the two groups, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The SCr level decreased in the treatment group more obviously after treatment than before treatment, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group after treatment, the levels of Cys C, beta2-MG, and hs-CRP decreased more obviously after treatment in the treatment group, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSJC combined losartan potassium showed better effects in treating early renal damage of hypertension patients of YYDS. They could protect and stabilize the renal functions more effectively. JC could regulate blood lipids and blood glucose.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; C-Reactive Protein ; metabolism ; Cystatin C ; blood ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Kidney ; pathology ; Losartan ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Yang Deficiency ; drug therapy ; Yin Deficiency ; drug therapy ; beta 2-Microglobulin ; blood

The related substances in docetaxel injection were identified by LC-MS/MS. Ethyl acetate was used to extract the injection to remove the pharmaceutical excipients. HPLC separation was carried out on a Hedera ODS-2 column (150 mm x 2.1 mm, 5 microm) with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile - 0.1% acetate acid aqueous solution (40: 60). Electrospray ionization source was set in the positive mode for the LC-ESI-MS/MS, and the ion monitoring modes were full scan and product ion scan. According to the mass spectra of the related substances, the fragment profiles were explained, and the chemical structures were elucidated. Docetaxel and its main related substances were well separated. Nine related substances in docetaxel injection were detected by LC-MS/MS. Their chemical structures were proposed, and four of them were identified in the docetaxel injection for the first time. The established LC-MS/MS method is effective in the separation and identification of the related substances in docetaxel injection. The test results are useful for its quality control.
Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; analysis ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drug Contamination ; Injections ; Molecular Weight ; Quality Control ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Taxoids ; administration & dosage ; analysis ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo assess the genetic and environmental influences on the somatotype of children and adolescents, and the effects of sex and age.

METHODSThe components of somatotype were calculated by using Heather-Cater method in a total of 376 twin pairs of Han nationality, including 245 monozygotic (MZ) and 131 like-sex dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs aged 6 to 18 years. Model-fitting method by Mx package was performed to evaluate the proportion of variance components and to analyze the effects of sex and age on each component of somatotype using the adjusted data for other two somatotype components. The heritability of each component in different development periods divided by growth spurt was also evaluated.

RESULTSThe estimated heritabilities of endomorphic, mesomorphic and ectomorphic components were 0.45, 0.80, 0.44 in boys, 0.82, 0.79 and 0.81 in girls respectively after adjusting age. In boys, the heritability of endomorphic component during late puberty was significantly higher than that during pre-puberty (t = 4.99, P < 0.01) and puberty (t = 6.16, P < 0.01), while the heritability of ectomorphic component during late puberty was significantly lower than that during pre-puberty (t = 3.35, P < 0.01) and puberty (t = 4.12, P < 0.01). In girls, the heritability of endomorphic (t = 2.77, P < 0.01) or mesomorphic (t = 2.08, P < 0.05) component during pre-puberty was significantly higher than that in early puberty.

CONCLUSIONThe genetic influence on somatotype of girls should be much more than that of boys, especially on the endomorphic and ectomorphic components. For boys, the mesomorphic component is mainly determined by genetic factors, but the other components are mainly affected by environmental ones. The effects of the development periods on the heritability of somatotype should be paid much attention to.

Adolescent ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Child ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Somatotypes ; genetics ; Twins ; genetics ; Twins, Dizygotic ; genetics ; Twins, Monozygotic ; genetics

Objective To investigate the effect of ultrasound guided percutaneous nephrostomy combined with Mailuoning injection on renal function, TGF- β 1 and α -SMA in patients with obstructive hydronephrosis. Methods 37 cases with obstructive hydronephrosis treated in our hospital from June 2014 to December 2016 were enrolled as the research object, all patients after admission were perfect relevant examination, after exclude contraindications underwent ultrasound-guided percutaneous nephrostomy combined with Mailuoning injection treatment. The operative time, the success rate of first puncture, the amount of bleeding during operation, hospitalization time, incidence of complications, preoperative and postoperative 3 d, 7 d renal function preoperative, postoperative, 7 d urine transforming growth factor β 1 (TGF- β 1) and alpha smooth muscle actin (α -SMA) were observed. Results The operation time was 52~93 minutes in 37 patients, the average operation time was (62.31±8.26) minutes; One puncture was successful in 37 cases, the success rate of one puncture was 100%. The intraoperative blood loss was 51 ~ 102 mL, the average amount of bleeding was (80.27±18.15) mL. The hospitalization time was 3 ~ 9 d, the average time was (6.12±1.97)d.In 37 cases, three cases were blocked by ostomy, the incidence rate was 8.11 %; The fistula was removed in one cases, the incidence rate was 2.70%; seven cases with dermatitis around the fistula, the incidence rate was 18.92%. At 3 d after surgery, BUN and Cr were significantly decreased than before operation (P<0.05). At 7 d after surgery, BUN and Cr were significantly decreased compared with preoperative and postoperative 3 d (P<0.05). The levels of TGF-β1 and α-SMA in patients were significantly lower than those before operation at 7 days after operation (P<0.05). Conclusion Ultrasound guided percutaneous nephrostomy combined with Mailuoning injection in the treatment of obstructive hydronephrosis can timely drainage of urine, improve renal function, avoid ipsilateral renal interstitial fibrosis. The utility model has the advantages of high rate of success and safe operation.

Objective:To discuss the management principles and skills for treatment of intractable ureterostenosis under ureteroscope.Methods:Our management experience on 19 patients with intractable ureteral stenosis was retrospectively analyzed.The 19 cases included urological TB-caused multiple ureteral stenosis,oncothlipsis to ureters from intestinal tract or gynecology,restenosis 3 months to 12 years after pelviureteric junction plasty,operative site stenosis after ureterolithotomy. double ureter back flow accompanied by stenosis,ureter imperforation after renal parenchyma lithotomy without placing double"J",ureter imperforation 3 months after extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy due to ureterolith,tubal bladder stoma stenosis after renal transplantation,restenosis after tubal bladder stoma due to distal ureterostenosis,and so on.All the patients were treated under ureteroscope.The management methods included:the Wolf 8/9.8 CH12?and Wolf 6/7.6 CH5?ureteroscope was used as a dilator to dilate the stenoses:balloon expanding under ureteroscope was used to dilate the stenoses;the ureter pliers was used to expand the stenoses to different directions;the cold knife was used to open the stenoses;if the diameter of stenoses were smaller than the that of the ureteroscopes,F4.5 or F3 double"J"tubes were inserted guided by a wire under ureteroscope; and 2 or 3 weeks later,a larger tube or two tubes were introduced into the stenoses already dilated partly by the former tube. Results:Ureteroscopic method failed in treating 2 patients in our group and succeeded in treating all the other patients.The outcomes of patient were fine during 9 months to 3 years'follow-up.Conclusion:It is difficult to treat patients with intractable ureterostenoses.With good experience in manipulation of ureteroscope,the flexible application of several techniques according to the different conditions of different patients can guarantee successful treatment in most patients.

OBJECTIVETo construct the body mass index (BMI) reference data and curves for Chinese children and adolescents from birth to 18 years of age.

METHODSData from two national representative cross-sectional surveys which were The National Growth Survey of Children under 7 years in the Nine Cities of China in 2005 and The Physical Fitness and Health Surveillance of Chinese School Students in 2005. Height (length was measured for children under 3 years) and weight data of 93,702 urban healthy children from nine cities/provinces used to calculate the BMI. The LMS method was used to smooth the BMI, with estimates of L, M, and S parameters, values of percentile and Z-score curves which were required were calculated, and then standardized growth charts were generated. Adult cut-offs for overweight and obesity at 18 years was used to study the cut-offs for children 2 to 18 years of age.

RESULTSThe smoothed percentiles and Z-scores reference data and curves of BMI-for-age for boys and girls aged 0-18 years were made out respectively. BMI cut-off values for overweight and obesity for children from 2 to 18 years of age were also defined. At 18 years, the BMI values are equivalent to the overweight cut-off (> or =24 kg/m2) and obesity cut-off (> or =28 kg/m2) for Chinese adults. Comparison with the reference of the WHO and 2000 CDC for the United States, there were some difference among them, at the 97th percentile curve there was a big difference between Chinese and U. S. adolescents. On the whole, the China BMI curve for boys was higher than the new WHO curve and lower than 2000 CDC at 97 percentile curve, but the China BMI curve for girls was lowest among the three curves. There was also significant difference between China and Japan BMI values at 97 percentile curve.

CONCLUSIONBMI growth curves are very useful in child growth monitoring and nutritional surveillance, discovering overweight and obesity. The BMI growth charts are recommended for use in pediatric clinic and public health service.

Adolescent ; Body Height ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Body Weights and Measures ; standards ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Obesity ; epidemiology