The design principles of a noninvasive ventilator's turbine are studied and discussed in this paper. The design is completed from its several aspects and in combination of related theories, using SolidWorks tools. Abundant experimental results prove that this design's technical specifications meet all the requirements.
Equipment Design ; Respiration, Artificial ; instrumentation ; methods ; Ventilators, Mechanical

Objective To explore the danger of lead exposure in newborns who accepted the blood stored in blood bank for blood change treatment.Methods The lead level of blood was examined before and after blood change treatment for 37 neonates with hyperbilirubinemia who accepted 53 cases blood stored in blood bank during Jun.to Dec.2006.The level of blood lead was measured by graphite stove atom absorb spectrum method.Results The average lead level of 53 cases blood stored in blood bank was 101.02 ?g/L,which had attained the level of lead poisoning.There were 15 cases(28.5%) whose blood lead levels was very high(≥100 ?g/L),3 cases whose blood lead level ≥200 ?g/L.After blood change treatment,the percentage of the blood lead level ≥100 ?g/L rose from 2.9% to 19.0%.The average level of blood lead after blood change treatment was higher than before(P

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of short haipin RNA (shRNA) on expression of vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) and proliferation and invasion behavior of human breast cancer cell MCF-7.

METHODSThe recombinant vector (pSIREN-VEGF-C) was transfected into the human breast cancer cell MCF-7 by liposome and the positive transfected cell clones were screened with puromycin. Expression of VEGF-C in MCF-7 cells after gene transfer was detected by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot assay, respectively. Proliferation and invasion ability of transfected cells were analyzed by MTT and Transwell filter.

RESULTSThe expressions of VEGF-C mRNA and protein were decreased markedly compared with the control group after the transfection and the inhibitive ratio was 95% and 100% respectively (P<0.05). The proliferation of MCF-7 cells transfected by pSIREN-VEGF-C, measured with MTT assays, was significantly decended (P<0.05). The invasion ability of passing through the Transwell filter of MCF-7 cells transfected by pSIREN-VEGF-C were declined evidently (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe recombinant vector (pSIREN-VEGF-C) have been proved not only to be effective and specific for down-regulation of VEGF-C, but also can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of MCF-7 cells significantly.

Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Down-Regulation ; Female ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transfection ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the quality of life (QOL) and its influence factors in epilepsy patients in Zhuang population in Guangxi Guixi area.

METHODSTotally 78 epilepsy patients in Zhuang populations and 60 healthy controls were enrolled, and their QOL was assessed with Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory-31 (QOLIE-31). The QOLIE-31 scores of patients between different sexes, anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) usage, duration of seizure, and seizure types were compared.

RESULTSQOL score was significantly lower in epileptic group (53.9 +/- 8.0) compared with control group (77.0 +/- 7.1) (P < 0.01). No difference was found in QOLIE-31 scores of patients between men and women (P > 0.05). Patients with single AED, shorter duration of seizure, and tonic-clonic seizure had higher QOLIE-31 scores than those with multiple AEDs, longer duration of seizure, and other seizure types (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, P < 0.01, respectively).

CONCLUSIONSQOL is lower in epilepsy patients than normal people in Zhuang populations in Guangxi Guixi area. Medication and seizure type affects the QOL in patients with epilepsy.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; China ; Epilepsy ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minority Groups ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of liquorice in functional modulation of intestinal P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in rats.

METHODSAn in vitro diffusion chamber system (Ussing chamber) was used to examine the direct effect of liquorice decoction on rhodamine 123 (a subtrate of P-gp) transport and evaluate the permeability of rhodamine 123 or fluorescein sodium through rat jejunum membranes after oral administration of liquorice decoction.

RESULTSDirect application of liquorice decoction did not obviously affect rhodamine 123 transport across the intestinal mucosa. Oral administration of liquorice decoction (10 g/kg, twice daily for a week) significantly increased the absorption of rhodamine 123 and also enhanced rhodamine 123 secretion across the jejunum mucosa. Liquorice had no obvious effect on the transport of CF across the jejunum mucosa.

CONCLUSIONLiquorice may slightly inhibit P-gp function in the intestinal mucosa to increase the intestinal absorption of rhodamine 123.

ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Animals ; Glycyrrhiza ; Intestinal Absorption ; drug effects ; Intestinal Mucosa ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Intestines ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Plant Extracts ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rhodamine 123 ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), especially those in the urinary storage phase, following transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), and to improve the postoperative management and patients' quality of life after TURP.

METHODSA total of 86 patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) underwent TURP, and were interviewed on urinary symptoms at 1, 3, 7, 15 and 30 days after removal of the catheter. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether they had preoperative detrusor instability and/or compliance of the bladder (Group A) or not (Group B), and observed for the changes in IPSS scores and urinary storage symptoms after removal of the catheter.

RESULTSComplete follow-ups were achieved in 71 cases, 28 with detrusor instability and/or compliance of the bladder and the other 43 without. Their IPSS scores on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 15th and 30th day after removal of the catheter were 8.1 +/- 2.5, 7.2 +/- 3.1, 6.3 +/- 3.8, 5.3 +/- 4.2 and 2.4 +/- 3.4, respectively, with statistically significant differences between the 7th and the 1st as well as the 30th and the 15th day (P < 0.05), but not between the 1st and the3rd nor the 15th and the 7th day (P > 0.05). On the 1st day, the cardinal symptoms in the urinary storage phase were urinary frequency, urgency and incontinence; the scores on IPSS and urinary storage symptoms were 10.4 +/- 3.3 and 9.3 +/- 3.8 in Group A and 6.2 +/- 2.8 and 5.2 +/- 2.7 in Group B, with significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment with tolterodine and alpha-adrenoreceptor inhibitor, neither IPSS scores nor the scores on urinary storage symptoms showed any significant differences between Groups A and B on the 15th and 30th day (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe lower urinary tract symptoms following TURP, especially those in the urinary storage phase, are correlated with preoperative bladder function, and getting improved gradually after surgery.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Period ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Quality of Life ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; Treatment Outcome ; Urinary Incontinence ; etiology

Objective To explore the clinical value of 99Tcm-MIBI G-MPI in patients diagnosed with myocardial bridging(MB) by CTA. Methods Forty-five patients with MB and 17 normal controls diagnosed by CTA(64 slices CT) were included. All patients underwent rest 99Tcm-MIBI G-MPI and 17 MB patients and 9 normal controls also underwent stress 99Tcm-MIBI G-MPI. Myocardial ischemia, function and wall motion were assessed. G-MPI results were compared with CTA results by χ2 test, Fisher exact test and t test. Results In patients with MB, the positive rate of abnormal perfusion by gated stress 99Tcm-MIBI G-MPI was 64.7% (11/17) and 41.2% (7/17) using quantitative analysis and visual evaluation respectively; while the data were 42.2% (19/45) and 22.2% (10/45) by rest G-MPI (P=0.035). The positive rate by rest G-MPI in MB patients was significant different among mural coronary arteries of different depths and different locations. By quantitative analysis of the stress G-MPI, the reversible, fixed, and mixed ischemia patients were 4 (35.3%), 6 (23.5%) and 1 (5.9%) respectively; the reversed, reversible and fixed abnormity of wall motion was found in 4 (23.5%), 4 (23.5%) and 2 (11.8%) patients respectively; the reversed, reversible and fixed wall thickening were found in 6 (35.3%), 5 (29.4%) and 1 (5.9%) patients respectively. There was no significant difference in left ventricular ejection fraction and peak filling rate between MB patients and normal controls in both rest and stress studies (t: from -0.564 to 1.292, all P>0.05). Conclusion The G-MPI may be useful for the evaluation of myocardial ischemia and myocardial function simultaneously in patients with MB.

Objective To study the effects of human uriilary kallikrein(HUK)on the number of apoptotic cells and the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in rats after focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion(FCIR) injury. Methods Eighty-four Spmque-Dawley(SD)male rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group(n=12),ischemia-reperfusion group(n=36),and HUK-treated group (n=36). Transient focal cerebml ischemia models were established by middle cerebml artery occlusion.Six rats were chosen from sham-operated group,ischemia-reperfusion group,and HUK-treated group for measuring infarct sizes.The rest were used to evaluate neurologic fhnction impaiment and measure the nunlber of apoptotic cells and Bcl-2 or BaX protein positive cells in cerebral cortex with TUNEL and immunohistochemistry.The latter 2 groups were subdivided into 6,12,24,72,168 h reperfusio groups (each n=6). Results The neurologic function impairmlent score,the infarct sizes,the apoptotic cells and the expression of Bax protein of HUK-treated group at different time points (except 168 h group)significantly decreased compared wilh those of ischemia-reperfsion group (p＜0.05).The expression of Bcl-2 protein of HUK-treated group at different time points(except 168 h group) remarkably increased compared with that of ischemia-reperfusion group(P＜0.05). Conclusions HUK can excrt a protection against FCIR injury, maybe through up-regulating Bcl-2 and down-regulating Bax protein in the initial 3 d of FCIR injury to decrease the number of apoptotic cells

Objective To study the effect of reactive oxygen species(ROS)/p38 MAPK cascade reaction on the formation of kidney stones(KS)in rats and explore the mechanism.Methods Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into control group(normal feeding),N-acetylcysteine(NAC)group(intraperitoneally injected 200 mg/kg NAC),KS group(constructed calcium oxalate KS model),KS+NAC group(constructed calcium oxalate KS model,intraperitoneally injected 200 mg/kg NAC),KS+NAC+tunicamycin(TM)group(constructed calcium oxalate KS model,intraperitoneally injected 200 mg/kg NAC and 1 mg/kg TM),with 10 rats in each group.After 4 weeks of administration,24 hours urine volume and oxalic acid(Ox)of each group were measured,serum creatinine(Cr),urea nitrogen(BUN)and uric acid(UA)levels were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer.HE staining and Von Kossa staining were used to observe the histopathological changes and crystal deposition of the kidney.TUN EL staining was used to detect apoptosis of renal tissue cells.The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)in renal tissue were measured by the kit.DHE fluorescent probes detected the levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in kidney tissue.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expressions of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 B(LC3B)and glucose regulatory protein 78(GRP78)in renal tissue,and the protein expression of LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ,Beclin1,GRP78,CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein(CHOP)in renal tissue was determined by Western blotting.Results Compared with the KS group,Ox in KS+NAC group decreased(P＜0.05),BUN,Cr and UA levels decreased(P＜0.05),renal tubule dilatation and calcium oxalate crystallization decreased,TUNEL positive cell rate decreased(P＜0.05),SOD activity increased and MDA content decreased(P＜0.05),ROS levels decreased(P＜0.05),LC3B and GRP78 positive staining levels decreased(P＜0.05),the relative protein expressions of p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK,LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ,Beclin1,GRP78 and CHOP were down-regulated(P＜0.05).Compared with the KS+NAC group,Ox in KS+NAC+TM group increased(P＜0.05),BUN,Cr and UA levels also increased(P＜0.05),renal tubule dilated significantly,calcium oxalate crystals increased,TUNEL positive cell rate increased(P＜0.05),SOD activity decreased and MDA content increased(P＜0.05),ROS levels increased(P＜0.05),LC3B and GRP78 positive staining levels increased(P＜0.05),the relative protein expressions of p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK,LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ,Beclin1,GRP78 and CHOP were also up-regulated(P＜0.05).Conclusion ROS/p38 MAPK cascade is involved in promoting KS formation in rats,which is related to the activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated autophagy pathway.

Objective To observe the influence of either alone or combined mixed-tocopherols combined with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and α-Tocopherol use on oxidized LDL (oxLDL) induced 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHDG) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion by human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs) and to explore the potential mechanism. Method Cultured HUVECs in vitro were incubated with oxLDL, oxLDL + α-tocopherol, oxLDL + mixed-tocopherols, oxLDL + EPA, oxLDL + α-tocopherol + EPA, oxLDL + mixed-tocopherols + EPA for 24 hours, respectively. Secretion of 8-OHDG and IL-6 were detected by cell enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expressions of superoxide dismutase (SOD), protein kinase C-δ (PKC-δ), phosphorylated PKC-δ (p-PKC-δ) were analyzed by Western blot. Results 8-OHDG and IL-6 secretion of HUVECs was significantly increased significantly after incubated with oxLDL for 24 hours which could be significantly attenuated in the presence of tocopherols and EPA ( alone or in combination, all P ＜ 0. 05 ) while the strongest inhibition effects were seen with combined use of mixed-tocopherols and EPA. Moreover, combination of mixed-tocopherols and EPA could also significantly increase SOD activity and decrease PKC activity (all P ＜ 0. 05 ). However, the protein expression of SOD and PKC-was similar among groups. Conclusion Combined mixed-tocopherols + EPA use enhanced the inhibiting effects on the secretion of 8-OHDG and IL-6 in oxLDL stimulated HUVECs which might be linked with increased SOD activity and reduced p-PKC activity.