Humanities education in military medical university must have military feature in mind.According to special military demand, this education should combine teaching with military historical tradition, historical task, construction of curricula set-up system, and the reality of military campus culture construction to make this education have pertinence.

Based on the demand of nasal drug delivery high drug loadings, using the unique phase transfer of solute, integrating the phospholipid complex preparation and submicron emulsion molding process of Scutellariae Radix extract, the study obtained the preparation of the high drug loadings submicron emulsion of Scutellariae Radix extract. In the study of drug solution dispersion method, the uniformity of drug dispersed as the evaluation index, the traditional mixing method, grinding, homogenate and solute phase transfer technology were investigated, and the solute phase transfer technology was adopted in the last. With the adoption of new technology, the drug loading capacity reached 1.33% (phospholipid complex was 4%). The drug loading capacity was improved significantly. The transfer of solute method and timing were studied as follows,join the oil phase when the volume of phospholipid complex anhydrous ethanol solution remaining 30%, the solute phase transfer was completed with the continued recycling of anhydrous ethanol. After drug dissolved away to oil phase, the preparation technology of colostrum was determined with the evaluation index of emulsion droplet form. The particle size of submicron emulsion, PDI and stability parameters were used as evaluation index, orthogonal methodology were adopted to optimize the submicron emulsion ingredient and main influential factors of high pressure homogenization technology. The optimized preparation technology of Scutellariae Radix extract nasal submicron emulsion is practical and stable.
Administration, Intranasal ; Emulsions ; Plant Extracts ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

Cold Temperature ; Dinoprost ; analogs & derivatives ; urine ; Dust ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; urine ; Thromboxane B2 ; analogs & derivatives ; urine ; Weather

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Ginkgo Leaves Tablet (GLT) on memory quotient (MQ) of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients.

METHODSOne hundred and thirteen patients were randomly assigned to the control group (55 cases) and the treatment group (58 cases). Patients in the control group received dietetic therapy and physical exercises, while those in the treatment group additionally took GLT, 19.2 mg each time, three times daily. The treatment course was 12 months for all. The MQ of all the patients was assessed by WMS-RC before treatment,at 6-month of treatment, and 12-month of treatment.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, the improvement of MQ increased in the treatment group 0.5 and 1 year after treatment (P < 0.05). The clinical efficiency of MQ obviously increased in the treatment group (48.28% and 50.00%), showing statistical difference when compared with the control group (30.91% and 27.27%, P < 0.05, P < 0.01). There was statistical difference in added scores of recognition, regeneration, understanding, and recitation test at 6-month of treatment and 12-month of treatment between the treatment group and the control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONGLT was effective in improving MQ of MCI patients, especially in improving recognition, regeneration, understanding, and recitation test.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cognitive Dysfunction ; drug therapy ; psychology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Ginkgo biloba ; chemistry ; Humans ; Male ; Memory ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy

Animals ; Cold Temperature ; adverse effects ; Heart ; physiopathology ; Inflammation ; physiopathology ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; Particulate Matter ; adverse effects ; Rats

OBJECTIVETo perform the detection of spermatozoal gene expression in order to accelerate the study of spermatozoal molecular biology.

METHODSTo collect the healthy adults sperm and lymphocytes respectively, and then to extract the total RNAs from them by RNeasy mini kit (QIAGEN) or Trizol reagent. Corresponding cDNAs were produced, digested, ligated, finally labeled with Cy3 (sperm) and CyS (lymphocyte) in the course of RD amplifying reactions. Hybridization with self-made microarrays contained 560 probes was carried out after the labeled cDNAs pured by PCR Product Purification Kit.

RESULTSAmong the 560 probes, 72 genes were up-regulated, 321 genes were down-regulated, the others had no different expression. Furthermore, genes associated with replication, transcription, translation and regulative functions were non-different expression or down-regulated, and those belonged to the spermatogenesis associated, sperm associated antigen were up-regulated, but those involved in the glycolysis were up-regulated, in the oxidative phosphorylation were down-regulated.

CONCLUSIONIt had successfully confirmed that there were a plenty of genes expressed in sperm, furthermore the genes expressed were accorded to spermatozoal functions and characteristics.

Adult ; Down-Regulation ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA ; isolation & purification ; Spermatozoa ; metabolism ; Up-Regulation

The pellet-preparating theories and processes of two kinds of methods of extrusion-spheronization and fluid-bed coating method were compared. The micromeritic properties, yield and in vitro dissolution of Danggui Buxue pellets prepared by the two methods were determined. Results showed that the Danggui Buxue pellets prepared by extrusion-spheronization were all spheral with smooth surface, the yield of those pellets was higher and in vitro dissolution of those pellets was more satisfactory. So the two kinds of methods were all suitable to prepare Dang-gui-bu-xue pellets, but Extrusion-spheronization was superior to fluid-bed coating method.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Dosage Forms ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo observe the pregnancy outcome among patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).

METHODSData associated with pregnancy, delivery and neonate from the patients or patient's spouse who conceived while receiving TKIs were collected retrospectively.

RESULTSTwo young female patients (who had been on imatinib therapy for 90 and 91 months, respectively) and spouses of 10 male patients (involving 7 patients who had received imatinib for a median of 60 months and 3 who had received dasatinib for 2.5 months to 7 months, respectively) with median age of 33.5 years (range 26 - 46 years) conceived and gave birth to 12 babies. One woman took imatinib throughout her pregnancy except one month. The other one took imatinib throughout her pregnancy and had breast-fed while on imatinib therapy for nearly half a year postpartum. Among the 12 babies, one was born prematurely with low birth weight and hypospadias (surgical repair after birth), the others were all healthy with no congenital defects. The median age of the children at the date of this report is 17.5 months (range 3 to 101 months), and they all have a normal pattern of growth and development.

CONCLUSIONSConception among patients with CML while receiving TKIs may result in normal pregnancies. The possible effects of TKIs on birth abnormalities cannot be ruled out. It is recommended that childbearing female patients should be advised to practice adequate methods of contraception and should not breast-feed while on TKIs therapy. In cases of accidental pregnancy, risk/benefit evaluations must be carried out carefully on an individual basis. No special precautions apply for male patients being treated with imatinib.

Adult ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Benzamides ; Dasatinib ; Female ; Humans ; Imatinib Mesylate ; Infant ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Piperazines ; therapeutic use ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Pyrimidines ; therapeutic use ; Retrospective Studies ; Thiazoles ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo construct the human/mouse chimeric antibody of a functional anti-death receptor 5 (DR5) antibody. Methods The viable region of light chain (VL) and viable region of heavy chain (VH) genes of anti-DR5 antibody were amplified and cloned into the light- and heavy-chain expression vectors respectively, then the recombinant plasmids were co-transfected into dihydrofolate reductase(-) Chinese hamster ovary cell (CHO-dhfr(-)) for expression. The positive clone was screened by the two selective genes (neo and dhfr). The humanization and specificity of chimeric antibody was identified by ELISA and Western blotting, and the tumoricidal activity of the expressed chimeric antibody was detected by tetrazolium salt phenazine methosulfate assay.

RESULTSThe expression vectors stably expressed chimeric antibody in CHO-dhfr(-). In the cell supernatant of the F4' clone, the human IgG heavy constant region and light constant region were identified. Moreover, the secreted chimeric antibody retained the binding capacity to the antigen (DR5) and decreased the cell viability of Jurkat and HCT116 cells to 73.15% and 77.30% in vitro respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe human/mouse anti-DR5 chimeric antibody has been successfully expressed in eukaryotic cells and shows tumoricidal activity, which establishes a foundation for the future research of humanized antibody medicine.

Animals ; Antibodies ; genetics ; immunology ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents ; immunology ; pharmacology ; CHO Cells ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Mice ; Protein Engineering ; Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand ; genetics ; immunology ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; immunology ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo study the characteristics of the strains of Salmonella enterica (S. enterica) serovar Senftenberg lacking Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1).

METHODSA total of 10 strains of S. enterica serovar Senftenberg were isolated from 10 cases of diarrhea patients. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), PCR, sequencing techniques and cell invasion test were adapted to study the molecular types and invasiveness of the genes and cells; and made a comparison between the 10 strains and the strains (C02013) isolated in Shenzhen in 2002.

RESULTSThe 10 Senftenberg isolated (S09007-S09012, S09014-S09017) in Shanghai showed three PFGE patterns, which were significantly different from the strains isolated in Shenzhen. PCR-amplified results indicated the invasion gene (invA), secreted effector protein gene (sipA) and gene fragments as fhlA-hilA, hilA-spaP and spaP-invH in the 10 strains of SPI-1 were all negative. The sequencing results revealed that the 10 strains isolated in Shanghai lacked most parts of SPI-1 genes, as fragments from orgA to invH and parts of orgA gene itself; however, compared with strains isolated in Shenzhen, the sprB-orgC gene existed. The missing parts of genes were replaced by a simple insertion sequence (IS) of 1000 bp in the strains isolated both in Shenzhen in 2002 and in Shanghai in 2006. The invasiveness rates of the 10 strains (S09007-S09012, S09014-S09017) towards Hela cells were (0.0053 ± 0.0024)%, (0.0046 ± 0.0006)%, (0.0047 ± 0.0003)%, (0.0064 ± 0.0012)%, (0.0065 ± 0.0011)%, (0.0070 ± 0.0020)%, (0.0115 ± 0.0030)%, (0.0099 ± 0.0039)%, (0.0180 ± 0.0135)% and (0.0031 ± 0.0012)%, respectively; which were all significantly lower than the rate of invA-positive control strain STM1344 ((5.0800 ± 0.6333)%); lower or close to the rate of invA-lacked artificial-mutated strain STMinvA-((0.0193 ± 0.0045)%).

CONCLUSIONSPI-1 genes are not essential for the diarrhea caused by S. enterica serovar Senftenberg.

Adult ; Aged ; Bacterial Typing Techniques ; Diarrhea ; microbiology ; Feces ; microbiology ; Female ; Genes, Bacterial ; Genomic Islands ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Salmonella enterica ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; pathogenicity