Objective: To study Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, Lonicerae Japonicae Caulis, and Lonicerae Japonicae Leaves by UPLC method, and study the different parts of Lonicera japonica by the fingerprint similarity evaluation, cluster analysis, principal component analysis, and other chemical pattern recognition technologies, in order to provide scientific basis for the comprehensive utilization of L. japonica. Methods: The method was carried out on an ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm) by a gradient elution using acetonitrile and 0.1% phosphoric acid. The flow rate was 0.3 mL/min, The column temperature was 30 ℃. The sample room temperature was 8 ℃. The detection wavelengths were 326, 238, and 250 nm, and the injection volume was 1 μL. Results: The UPLC fingerprint of 28 batches of samples from different parts of Lonicerae Japonicae were set up and 14 common peaks were obtained. They were new chlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, loganin, rutinum, luteoloside, isochlorogenic acid B, isochlorogenic acid A and isochlorogenic acid C. There were some differences in chemical composition and quantity of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, Lonicerae Japonicae leaves, and Lonicerae Japonicae Caulis. PCA and cluster analysis revealed the similarity and difference of 28 batches of samples from different parts of L. japonica. Conclusion: The combination of clustering analysis and principle component analysis could be used to confirm that the chemical constituents of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Japonicae leaves were similar, but there was a difference between Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Japonicae Caulis. The established fingerprint method can provide a reference for the quality control of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, Lonicerae Japonicae leaves, and Lonicerae Japonicae Caulis.

Traditional medicine (herb medicine) began to prevail again over last two decades, and it is about 70% of the world population taking herb medicine as supplement or alternative medicine according to a recent survey. The consumption of herb medicine increased exponentially in Canada, Australia and Europe during last 10 years. Since concomitant administration of herbal and western medicine has become a trend, it requires paying close attention to the problem. Herb-drug interactions have been extensively investigated worldwide, and there is an increasing concern about the clinical herb-drug interaction. In this review we introduced the current progress in the herb-drug interactions including evidence-based clinical studies and establishment of levels of evidence for herb-drug interaction; and in the related mechanisms including the induction and inhibition of metabolic enzymes, inhibition and induction of transport and efflux proteins, alteration of gastrointestinal functions, and alteration in renal elimination. We also analyzed both the achievements and the challenges faced in the concomitant administration of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine.
ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; metabolism ; Biological Transport ; drug effects ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacology ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; methods ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; drug effects ; Herb-Drug Interactions ; Humans ; Kidney ; drug effects ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Pharmacokinetics ; Phytotherapy ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of a treatment regimen based on daratumumab in patients with high-risk relapsed refractory multiple myeloma(MM)with mSMART 3.0 score.Methods:Clinical data were collected from 16 patients with mSMART3.0 score high-risk relapsed refractory MM treated at the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from May 2020 to May 2023,all of whom received daltezumab-based regimen(regimen drugs including dexamethasone,isazomib,bortezomib,lenalidomide).The efficacy and safety of the treatment were retrospectively analyzed.Results:The median age of 16 patients was 63.5(47-70)years old,including 10 cases of IgG type,2 cases of IgA type,and 4 cases of light chain type.The curative efficacy was judged in all 16 patients,with an overall response rate of 93.75％(15/16),including 4 cases of strict complete remission(sCR),1 case of complete remission(CR),2 case of very good partial remission(VGPR),partial remission(PR)in 5 cases,and minor remission(MR)in 3 cases.The median follow-up time was 11(2-30)months,and the median progression-free survival and median overall survival were not achieved in 16 patients at the median follow-up period.The hematologic adverse effects of the treatment regimen using daratumumab-based were mainly neutropenia,and the non-hematologic adverse effects were mainly infusion-related adverse reactions and infections.Conclusion:Daratumumab-based regimen for the treatment of relapsed refractory MM patients with high risk of mSMART3.0 score has better efficacy and safety.

Objective ToexplorethevalueofprenataldiagnosisoffetalABObloodgroupsinthepreventionofABO-HDN,andtoprovideevidenceforpreventionofABO-HDN.Methods Atotalof3777sampleswerecollectedfromthe pregnant women whose ABO blood group is O,and we detected the ABO blood group by serological method to detect the titerofIgGanti-Aandanti-Binthematernalblood.Results Amongthe3777samplescollectedfromthepregnant women whose ABO blood group is O ,the titer of IgG anti-A to anti-B was 1 to1 024 in 27 samples(0.7%),1∶51 2 in 97 samples(2.6%),1∶256 in 1 63 samples(4.3%),1∶1 28 in 285 samples(7.5%)and 1:64 in 603 samples(1 6%). We followed the pregnancy and newborn outcome of 769 case whose antibody titer of 1∶64 or more ,and compared the fetal ABO blood group with results of the titer of IgG anti -A and/or anti -B.A total of 641 patients (83.3%) was corresponding resistance against A or B,and 1 28 patients (1 6.6%)was not corresponding resistance against A or B.The higher the antibody titer,the higher incidence of neonatal ABO hemolytic disease occurred.We extracted the fetal free DNA of peripheral blood plasma in 30 pregnant women, and the genotypes of fetal ABO blood group were detected by the polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP),and all the experiment presented success.Conclusion ThetiterofIgGanti-Atoanti-Bcouldbeusedtopreventtheoccurrenceofhemolyticdiseaseofnewborn. Considering the interference factors,the fetal free DNA in the maternal circulation could be used to prenatally detect fetal ABO blood groups.

Objective To search for a preferred method for vein blood collection in infants which has the following merits: high success rate, high efficiency, and can be accepted easily by parents. Methods 361 infants which received vein blood collection in out-patient were divided into two groups randomly, the experimental group(181 cases) with elbow vein blood collection, the control group(180 cases) with femoral vein puncture. The one-time success rate, average duration and the satisfaction degree of parents were compared between the two groups. Results The one-time success rate in the two groups was different, there was statistically significant difference(X2 = 20.58, P ＜ 0. 05). the same result to average duration (t = 2. 03, P ＜0. 05) and to the satisfaction degree of parents(X2 =21.66,P＜0. 05). Conclusions The method of elbow vein blood collection is a good and feasible way for infant blood collecting, it is worthy of being widely spreaded in the clinic.

In order to explored the change of PML/PML-RARalpha protein during tetraarsenic tetrasulfide (As4S4) treatment, acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells from a group of newly diagnosed APL patients were examined by indirect immunofluorescence staining with anit-PML monoclonal antibody. The results showed that all samples typically presented many microspeckle signals throughout the nucleus before treatment. The redistribution occurred as early as on the second day after As4S4 treatment, which revealed loss of microspeckles with the presentation of a few large speckles. Anti-PML staining also emerged in the perinuclear cytoplasm. At last, microspeckles and large speckles all disappeared. When the therapy was combining all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) with As4S4, similar results were obtained. However, APL cells from patients treated with ATRA alone performed totally different appearance, presenting microspeckles and large speckles at the same time, followed with entirely large speckles. The conclusion is that As4S4 makes redistribution of PML/PML-RARalpha protein in leukemic cells from APL patients during the treatment, which is quite different from that during the treatment of ATRA.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Arsenicals ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect ; Humans ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Proteins ; analysis ; Nuclear Proteins ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; analysis ; Promyelocytic Leukemia Protein ; Transcription Factors ; analysis ; Tretinoin ; therapeutic use ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical features and treatment of serious brainstem encephalitis caused by enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection.

METHODSThe clinical data of 32 hospitalized children with serious brainstem encephalitis caused by EV71 infection between May and December 2008 were retrospectively reviewed.

RESULTSThe children whose age was younger than 3 years old accounted for 88% (22 cases). Fever(>38.5 degrees centigrade)lasting at least 3 days, frequent vomiting and limb twitch were presented as the main manifestations in the 32 children. Cyanosis, tachypnea, tachycardia and cold extremities were observed, and pulmonary edema or even pulmonary hemorrhage occurred in 8 children 3 to 4 days after the onset. The 32 children received a medical treatment: reduction of intracranial pressure with mannitol or frusemide, inhibition of inflammation reactivity with gamma globulin and methylprednisolone, and improvement of cardiac function and pulmonary edema with innotropic agents, fluid restriction and positive mechanical ventilation.

CONCLUSIONSVegetative nerve functional disturbance is the main clinical feature of brainstem encephalitis caused by EV71 infection in children. An early identification and treatment of pulmonary edema or hemorrhage is of great importance.

Brain Stem ; pathology ; Child, Preschool ; Encephalitis, Viral ; complications ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Enterovirus A, Human ; Enterovirus Infections ; complications ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Pulmonary Edema ; etiology ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies

This study was aimed to investigate whether difference exists between real time RT-PCR results of nucleated cells isolated by lysis method and mononuclear cells isolated by gradient concentration method. 14 bone marrow samples from leukemia patients (7 samples of AML-M(2), 1 of AML-M(4), 1 of AML-M(4)EO, 1 of AML-M(6), 1 of APL and 3 of CML) were collected. Each sample was divided into 2 parts, and was used to isolate mononuclear cells by Ficoll-Hypaque gradient centrifugation, and other was used to isolate nuclear cells by lysis method. The RNA extraction and detection of internal reference gene ABL for all of samples were performed by RT-PCR, and mRNA expression levels in 3 samples of BCR/ABL, 6 of AML/ETO, 1 of CBFβ-MHY11, 1 of WT1 and 6 PRAME were detected by RT-PCR. The results showed that ABL copies of all samples were over 3 × 10(4), and there was significant difference in ABL copies between each pair of samples by lysis and gradient centrifugation method (p > 0.05). There was also no significant difference in every detected mRNA levels between 14 pair samples (p > 0.05). It is concluded that the lysis method may be useful one for extracting RNA from nuclear cells, and can adopt as a routing detection method for simultaneously extracting RNA from many samples to detect leukemia specific mRNA by using RT-PCR.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Young Adult

The study is to establish an HPLC method using fluorescence detector for the determination of doxazosin enantiomers and investigate their chiral inversion in vitro and in vivo. Ultron ES-OVM was taken as the chiral chromatographic column, and the column temperature was 30 degrees C. Isocratic elution using a mobile phase of phosphate buffer-acetonitrile (85 : 15, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.8 mL x min(-1) was done. The fluorescence detection was set at lambda(Ex) = 255 nm and lambda(Em) = 385 nm. Prazosin was used as the internal standard. (-) Doxazosin or (+) doxazosin added into rat plasma in vitro was determined after incubating in 37 degrees C water bath for 2, 5 and 10 days. (-) Doxazosin or (+) doxazosin was administered orally to the rats for one months. Plasma samples were taken at 8 h after the last administration. A good linear relationship was achieved when the concentration of doxazosin enantiomers was within the range of 4 - 2 000 ng x mL(-1). The average recovery for (-) doxazosin was 99.5% with RSD 3.6%, and for (+) doxazosin was 99.3% with RSD 4.3%. Chiral inversion was observed neither in vitro nor in vivo studies. The method is selective, accurate and reproducible, which is suitable for the detection of doxazosin enantiomers in rat plasma. The in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that chiral inversion occurs uneasily between (-) doxazosin and (+) doxazosin in the rat.
Animals ; Blood Chemical Analysis ; methods ; Doxazosin ; blood ; chemistry ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Stereoisomerism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of mental workload of teachers in primary schools.

METHODSNational Aeronautics and Space Administration-Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) was used to assess the mental workload levels for 397 teachers of primary schools in a city.

RESULTSThe mental workload (64.34+10.56) of female teachers was significantly higher than that (61.73+ 9.77) of male teachers (P<0.05). The mental workload (65.66+10.42) of "-35" years old group was the highest. When age of teachers was younger than 35 years old, there was a positive correlation between the mental workload and age (r=0.146, P<0.05). When age of teachers was older than 35 years old, there was a negative correlation between the mental workload and age (r=-0.190, P<0.05). The teachers with higher education level felt higher mental workload (unstandardized coefficients B=1.524, standardized coefficients /=0.111, P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between the mental workload and working hours per day (unstandardized coefficients B =4.659, standardized coefficients/3 =0.223, P<0.001).

CONCLUSIONMental workload of the teachers in primary schools is closely related to age, educational level and work hours per day. Work hours per day is an important risk factor for mental workload. Reducing work hours per day (8 hours) is an effective measure of alleviating the mental workload of teachers in primary schools.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Faculty ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Schools ; Stress, Psychological ; epidemiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Workload ; psychology ; Young Adult