In order to improve the expression level of segment of GABAA receptor a1 subunit in E. coli, growth conditions of the recombatant, which influence the final yield of protein expression, including growth medium, inoculation ratio, temperature, pH, rotation speed, inducing time and concentration of IPTG and so on, were studied in shaking flasks. The results indicated that, with 3% inoculation ratio, cultured 3.5 hours at 37℃, and then induced 5 hours by IPTG at 32℃, the yield of GABAA receptor protein was 95mg/L and the biomass was 3.25 g/ L. In contrast, using a 16 L stirred fermentor instead of shaking flasks, the highest level of the protein expression, 136mg/L with 4.95g/L of biomass, was achieved after fermenting 5.5 hours.

Bacterial biofilm is responsible for a wide variety of nosocomial infections.Many chronic infectious diseases are closely correlated with biofilm formation in the clinic.As the biofilm growth,bacterial clusters detachment and dispersal from mature mixed-species biofilms will result in repeated acute infections.Here reviews three distinct biofilm dispersal strategies: swarming dispersal,clumping dispersal and surface dispersal.Many factors,such as heredity and increased fluid shear in the environment,contribute to this complex and dynamic process.Fundamental investigation upon biofilm will benefit clinical therapy of biofilm-associated infections.

Objective To study pathogensand diagnostic value of beta2-microglobulin(?2-MG) in cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) in children with aseptic meningitis(AM).Methods Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assay,enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and passive particle agglutination were employed respectively to detect herpes simplex virus type-1(HSV-1) DNA,enterovirus(EV) RNA in CSF and the specific antibodies of HSV-1 and mycoplasma pneumonia(MP) in blood and CSF from 80 children with AM (AM group) and 20 cases of complete remission acute leukaemia(control group).Children with AM were divided into the EV meningitis group,HSV-1 meningitis group and MP meningitis group according to respective diagnostic criteria.The levels of ?2-MG in CSF from all groups were detected by radio immunoassay.SPSS 13.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results The infection rate of EV,HSV-1 and MP were 52.5%,11.25%and 5.0%,respectively in children with AM.The infection rate of EV was highest.The sensitivity of PCR was higher than ELISA.There could be false negative PCR results in bloody CSF specimens with HSV-1 DNA.The levels of ?2-MG in CSF was significantly higher in children with AM than that in control group(P

Objective To observe the protective effects of enalapril on the long-term functions of the allograft in renal transplant recipients. Methods Twenty renal transplant recipients with ~survival time over one year, normal renal functions of the allograft and urine TGF-?_1 levels being more than ~250.0 pg/mg.Cr took enalapril every day for at least one year. Twenty-three recipients under the same conditions who did not receive enalapril served as control group. Three years later renal ~dysfunction cases, loss of creatinine clearance rate (Ccr) and TGF-?_1 levels in blood and urine were compared between the two groups. The changes in the expression of TGF-?_1mRNA in renal biopsy specimens were compared before and one year after enalapril therapy. Side-effects of enalapril were ~investigated in all patients in enalapril-treated group. Results Three years later, the number of renal dysfunction cases was less, the loss of Ccr was less and the level of urine TGF-?_1 was lower in ~enalapril -reated group than those in control group with the differences being significant (P~0.05 ). One year after enalapril therapy TGF-?_1mRNA expression was significantly decreased in renal biopsy specimens (P

Recent work has shown that nitric oxide (NO) induction by nitric oxide synthase(NOS) is the physiological mediator of bone cell function and demonstrated that it may be possible to exert differential effects on osteoblast (OB) and osteoclast (OC) activity in vivo. The proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?), interleukin-1? (IL-1?), interferon-? (IFN-?), will stimulate bone resorption by NOS-induced low levels of NO. These findings confirm NO as a potentially important osteoblast-osteoclast coupling factor, indicating that cytokine-induced NO was largely responsible for the mechanisms of osteoporosis. Pharmacological modulation of NO may therefore represent a new approach in the treatment of bone diseases characterized by increased bone resorption, such as osteoporosis (OP).

Objective To analysis the clinical characteristics of kidney transplantation for the aged recipients and the influence of quadruple immunosuppressant on treatment result. Methods From 1990 to 2001,of 1251 cases of renal transpantation,the clinical data of 126 cases of the aged recipients over 60 years old were investigated.The aged recipients was divided into two groups;combination of cyclosporine(CsA),azathoprine(Aza) and corticosterioids was given in groupⅠ,In groupⅡ,except for CsA,mycophenolate mofetil(MMF),corticosteroids and Wu-T 3 quadruple therapy in the 47 cases aged recipients, Daclizumab or Basiliximab were injected in prophylaxis of acute rejection within 2 hours prior to transplantation and in someday after transplantation to the 24 aged recipients. The groupⅡ was compared with the groupⅠ in complications, the rate of acute rejection and the one-year-survival rate of patients/allograft.Results The rates of cardiocerebral vascular disease and infection complications in the aged recipients were higher than that in the non-elderly patients. In the groupsⅠ and Ⅱ, the postoperative complications was 74 55%and 38 03%, respectively;the rates of acute rejection were 12 73% and 4 23%,respectively;one year survival rate of patients/allografts was 81 82%/78 18% and 97 18%/95 77% respectively.Conclusions The cardiocerebral vascular disease and infection complications were the main factors affecting the outcome of renal transplantation in the aged recipients. The quadruple immunosuppressant regimens could reduce postoperative complications and acute rejection. At the same time one-year-survival rate of patients/ allografts have been improved in the aged patients.

Objective To establish a satisfactory method of isolating,culturing and determining gut neural crest stem cells,which may provide theoretical basis for clinical application.Methods The guts of embryonic mice removed and dissociated were plated into serum-free DMEM/F12 medium.The mitogen-free DMEM/F12 medium supplementd with 10% fetal bovine serum was used to induce differentiation of GNCSCs.Neurospheres and their derivations were determined with immunocytochemical and immunofluorescent staning.Results Neurospheres were generated in the simplified serum-free medium.The staining results showed that enteric neurospheres were GNCSCs and could differentiate into neurons,glial cells and smooth muscle cells by serum-induction.Conclusion GNCSCs have the capacity of self-renewal and proliferation,and give rise to neurons,glial cells and myofibroblasts.

To evaluate the diagnosis and treatment of epidural neurilemmoma in the spinal canal, the diagnostic characteritics shown by X ray, MRI and CT were analyzed in 42 patients. Furthermore, peri operative conditions, operative time, blood loss and amount of blood transfusion during the operation, operative technique, changes in functions of the spinal cord before and after the operation were also analyzed. The results showed that there was marked recovery of nerve functions after the operation. MRI together with X ray and CT were in the diagnosis of the nature and site of the lesion. Excision of the tumor was done in all the patients. Among them, in 12 patients internal fixation was done at the same time. Follow up showed that the operation achieved good results. While radiologic examinations contributed greatly to the diagnosis, the final diagnosis depended on pathological examination. Internal fixation was optional depending on different situations.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; Aged ; Catgut ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Muscle, Skeletal ; physiopathology ; Spasm ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome