OBJECTIVETo compare therapeutic effects of clavicular hook-plate fixation and modified Weaver-Dunn surgery combined with clavicular hook-plate fixation in treating Tossy type III acromioclavicular joint dislocation.

METHODSForty-one patients with Tossy type III acromioclavicular dislocation treated by operation were retrospectively analysis from January 2012 to January 2014. The patients were divided into clavicular hook-plate fixation group (group A) and modified Weaver-Dunn surgery combined with clavicular hook-plate fixation (group B) according to surgical procedures. In group A, there were 15 males and 6 females aged from 17 to 51 years old with an average of (31.60 ± 12.58) years old, preoperative Constant-Murley score was 40.25 ± 9.80, and treated with clavicular hook-plate fixation. In group B, there were 13 males and 7 females aged from 18 to 48 years old with an average of (29.40 ± 11.27) years old, preoperative Constant-Murley score was 41.45 ± 8.81, and treated with modified Weaver-Dunn surgery combined with clavicular hook-plate fixation. Operative time, blood loss, imaging changes before and after operation, postoperative complications were compared; Constant-Murley score at 3, 6 and 12 months after operation were evaluated.

RESULTSIn group A, operative time was 40.50 ± 24.36) min, blood loss was (75.30 ± 30.36) ml; In group B, operative time was (60.10 ± 23.55) min, blood loss was (100.70 ± 40.12) ml. Twenty-one patients in group A were followed-up from 12 to 18 months with an average of (14.8 ± 3.1) months; 20 patients in group B were followed-up from 12 to 14 months with an average of (13.6 ± 1.5) months. There were no significant differences in operative time, blood loss and follow-up time between two groups. Complications were in six patients of group A and 3 patients of group B, and there were no significant meaning between two groups. At 6 months after operation, Constant-Murley score in group A was 88.85 ± 4.23, 92.15 ± 3.82 in group B; and had significant meaning between two groups (t = -2.56, P = 0.022 < 0.05). While there were no differences in Constant-Murley score in other times.

CONCLUSIONBoth of clavicular hook-plate fixation and modified Weaver-Dunn surgery combined with clavicular hook-plate fixation are effective operative methods for the treatment of Tossy type III acromioclavicular dislocation. Clavicular hook-plate fixation has advantage of less trauma, while modified Weaver-Dunn surgery combined with clavicular hook-plate fixation could reconstruct coracoclavicular ligament more stronger, clavicular hook plate could take out earlier, also improve shoulder joint function earlier.

Acromioclavicular Joint ; injuries ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Plates ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Shoulder Dislocation ; surgery

BACKGROUNDDomestic violence (DV) is not only a devastating societal problem, but also a severe medical and mental health problem worldwide. Our previous study has shown that perpetrators were with higher prevalence of self-reported symptoms than that of controls. This study based on our former large scale population-based samples is aimed to further explore the correlations between the symptoms and psychosocial factors of the perpetrators with DV. It was helpful to provide some insight into possible strategies for clinicians to reduce the symptoms of the perpetrators with DV in China.

METHODSFrom our former population-based epidemiological samples, 1098 households with a history of DV in preceding year, 318 perpetrators with DV were randomly selected. Face-to-face interviews were conducted. Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) was administrated to check and classify the symptoms of perpetrators, Eysenck's personality questionnaire (EPQ), trait coping style questionnaire (TCSQ), life events scale (LES) and social supporting rating scale (SSRS) were administrated to evaluate the psychosocial factors of perpetrators. The correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationships between the symptoms and psychosocial factors of perpetrators of DV.

RESULTSThe global and all subscale scores of SCL-90 were significantly positively correlated with EPQ-N, negative TCSQ and negative LES scores (P < 0.01). The global score of SCL-90 was negatively correlated with both objective and subjective SSRS (P < 0.01). The negative LES and negative TCSQ were significantly positively correlated with EPQ-N (P < 0.01). Negative TCSQ was significantly positively correlated with negative LES and negatively correlated with subjective SSRS (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe self-reported symptoms of perpetrators with DV were strongly correlated with their psychosocial factors, such as the neurotic personality, negative coping style, more negative life events and less subjective social supports. It suggested bio-psycho-socially oriented interventions were necessary to buffer the symptoms of perpetrators with DV.

Adult ; China ; Domestic Violence ; psychology ; statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective:To compare the effect of chloroquine on apoptosis of normal gastric epithelial cells and gastric cancer cell line HGC-27. Methods:Change of these two kinds of cells were observed by inverted microscope after treating with CQ. HGC-27 cells were detected on the effect of apoptosis by DAPI nuclear staining after treating with CQ. The proliferation of cells were measured by CCK-8. Changes of mitochondrial membrane potential were investigated by JC-1 after treating with CQ. The expression of apoptosis protein effector enzyme Caspase-3 and substrate PARP in these two kinds of cells were tested by Western blot after using chloroquine (CQ) and rapamycin ( rapamycin, RAP ) to treat cells 72 h. Results: After treated with 10 μmol/L CQ 72 h, morphological characteristics of GES-1 cells and HGC-27 cells could be visible under the microscope,CQ induced apoptosis of GES-1 cells,on the contrary,it could make the HGC-27 cell get widened,the number of apoptotic cells gradually increased,the cell density decreased,cell atrophy and gradually turned round,cytoplasm reduced,at last,lose normal cell morphology. After two kinds of cells treated with CQ 72 h,as for GES-1 cell nuclei stained light,nuclear size and shape were not changed,however,HGC-27 nuclei showed pyknosis or granular fluorescence dense concentrated form. CCK-8 results showed that comparing with normal gastric epithelial cells GES-1,the pro-liferation of gastric cancer HGC-27 cells activity could be inhibited by CQ. JC-1 results showed that the change of the red fluorescence to green fluorescence in HGC-27 cells treated by CQ. Western blot showed that after being treated with CQ and RAP in normal gastric epithelial cells and HGC-27 cell line 72 h,the expression of apoptosis protein Caspase-3 and PARP in gastric cancer cell HGC-27 decreased significantly,comparing to that in GES-1 cells. Conclusion:Compared to normal gastric epithelial cells,CQ can inhibit human gastric cancer HGC-27 cell viability and induce apoptosis.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the immunotherapy efficacy of both helper T lymphocytes (Th) and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) epitopes augmented dendritic cells (DCs) tumor vaccine on gastric cancer.

METHODSNaïve spleen T cells were stimulated by mixed peptides (a mixture of Th epitope MAGE-3 (22-36)) primed DCs per week in vitro. After 4 cycles of restimulation, peptide specific T cells were harvested and subgroups of which were determined with flow cytometry. Cytokines secreting profiles by CD4+ T cells and cytotoxicities of CD8+ T cells on tumor cells were assessed. The protective immunity by referred DCs tumor vaccines was also monitored.

RESULTSBoth Th and CTL epitopes primed DCs could elicit both CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells in vitro,of which CD4+ T cells released high amount of Th1 type cytokines (IFN-gamma, IL-2) on recognizing specific antigen, as well as CD8+ T cells exhibited efficient tumor-killing capacity. The effects induced by DCs pulsed with single epitope (Th or CTL epitope) in vivo were less effective than those induced by DCs pulsed with mixture epitopes.

CONCLUSIONSBoth Th and CTL epitopes augmented DCs tumor vaccine can induce CD4+ Th1 and CD8+ CTL mediated immune responses to eradicate gastric cancer cells.

Animals ; Cancer Vaccines ; immunology ; therapeutic use ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Dendritic Cells ; immunology ; Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte ; immunology ; Immunotherapy ; Melanoma, Experimental ; Mice ; Peptides ; immunology ; Stomach Neoplasms ; therapy ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the main inhalant allergens and their distribution patterns in children with allergic diseases from Xi'an and the surrounding area and to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases in children.

METHODSSkin prick test was performed using liquid with 13 standardized allergens (ALK-ABELL, Denmark) on 3085 children from Xi'an and the surrounding area who were treated for allergic diseases between July 2006 and July 2011, to detect inhalant allergens.

RESULTSOf the 3085 patients, 1368 (44.34%) had positive SPT results, with the most prevalent inhalant allergen being Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (804 cases, 26.06%), followed by Dermatophagoides farinae (793 cases, 25.71%), Blomia tropicalis (440 cases, 14.26%), mugwort (282 cases, 9.14%), and cat hair (204 cases, 6.61%). The positive rates were 28.66% in the <4 years group, 41.85% in the 4-6 years group, and 58.61% in the 7-15 years group (P<0.01). Males had a significantly higher SPT positive rate than females (47.78% vs 38.50%；P<0.05). The SPT positive rate was highest in children with allergic rhinitis (72.41%), followed by bronchial asthma (62-25%), allergic dermatosis (45.83%), and allergic purpura (36.28%).

CONCLUSIONSIn children from Xi'an and the surrounding area, the main inhalant allergens for allergic diseases include Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, Blomia tropicalis, mugwort and cat hair. The SPT positive rate increases with age. Male children have a higher SPT positive rate than female children. The SPT positive rate is highest in children with allergic rhinitis.

Adolescent ; Allergens ; immunology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; diagnosis ; Infant ; Male ; Skin Tests

Objective To investigate the effect of total alkaloids of Rhizoma Corydalis(TAC)on the expression of silencing information regulator 1(Sirt1)/tumor suppressor P53 protein signaling pathway-related proteins in the hippocampus of rats with chronic cerebral ischemia(CCH),and to explore its mechanism.Methods The rats were randomly divided into Sham operation group,model group,TAC high-dose group(14 mg/kg)and TAC low-dose group(7 mg/kg),with 6 rats in each group.A modified bilateral common carotid artery permanent occlusion method(BCCAO)was used to establish a rat model of CCH,and only bilateral common carotid arteries were separated in the Sham group.After the modeling was completed,each group was given the corresponding drug or isotonic saline by gavage,once a day,and the treatment lasted for 14 days.Hematoxycin-eosin staining was used to observe the pathological changes in the hippocampus of rats,in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridinetriphate-biotin nick end labeling assay(TUNEL)was used to detect neuronal apoptosis,and Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to detect expression of Sirt1,P53,P53 positive apoptosis regulator(PUMA),B-cell lymphocytoma-2(Bcl-2)protein,Bcl-2-related X protein(BAX),respectively in the hippocampus of rats.Results(1)There were significant differences in the number of apoptotic cells and apoptosis rate among the four groups(F-values were 71.417 and 76.835,respectively,both P＜0.01).There were statistically significant differences in the mean integral optical density values of Sirt1,P53,PUMA,BAX and Bcl-2 protein positive expression areas among the four groups(F-values were 1 178.390,42.465,867.413,110.656 and 131.801,all P＜0.01).There were significant differences in the relative expression levels of Sirt1,P53,PUMA,BAX and Bcl-2 among the four groups(F-values were 9.497,11.863,58.552,186.855 and 12.466,all P＜0.01).(2)Compared with the Sham operation group,the neuronal arrangement of brain tissue in the hippocampus of the model group was disordered,the nuclear consolidation increased,and the glial cells and inflammatory cells increased significantly,and the number and apoptosis rate of neurons in the hippocampus of the model group increased significantly(respectively[10.8±1.5]cells vs.[2.0±0.9]cells and[35.5±4.5]％vs.[6.2±2.6]％;both P＜0.05),and the average integral optical density values of the positive expression areas of Sirt1 and Bcl-2 proteins decreased significantly(84.6±6.6 vs.244.6±4.9,138.5±6.7 vs.210.9±10.0;both P＜0.05),the average integral optical density values of P53,PUMA and BAX proteins were significantly increased(156.8±11.6 vs.93.5±11.6,151.3±3.3 vs.38.0±4.0,87.0±5.0 vs.38.4±5.5;all P＜0.05),the relative expression levels of Sirt1 and Bcl-2 proteins were significantly decreased(0.51±0.07 vs.0.74±0.07,0.36±0.03 vs.0.53±0.05;both P＜0.05),and the relative expression levels of P53,PUMA and BAX proteins were significantly increased(0.37±0.06 vs.0.21±0.02,0.62±0.06 vs.0.23±0.02,1.08±0.06 vs.0.45±0.03;all P＜0.05).(3)Compared with the model group,the hippocampal tissue structure of the high-dose and low-dose TAC groups was relatively compact and uniform,the neurons were neatly arranged,and the cell structure was relatively clear and complete,while the number of neuronal apoptotic cells and the apoptosis rate decreased significantly(respectively[3.8±0.7]cells vs.[6.2±1.2]cells,[12.4±2.8]％vs.[20.2±3.9]％;both P＜0.05),and the average integrated optical density values of the positive expression areas of Sirt1 and Bcl-2 proteins(the high-dose and low-dose TAC groups:Sirt1 150.0±4.8,131.3±1.3,and Bcl-2 207.1±7.4,169.5±3.9,respectively)were significantly increased(both P＜0.05),the average integral optical density values of P53,PUMA and BAX proteins were significantly decreased(the high-dose and low-dose TAC groups:P53 105.9±8.8,115.5±9.0,and PUMA56.8±5.1,74.4±3.9,and BAX40.5±5.6,48.4±5.0,respectively,all P＜0.05),the relative expression levels of Bcl-2 protein(the high-dose and low-dose TAC groups:0.53±0.05,0.47±0.02,respectively)were significantly increased(P＜0.05),the relative expression levels of P53(the high-dose and low-dose TAC groups:0.21±0.02,0.24±0.04,respectively),PUMA(the high-dose and low-dose TAC groups:0.36±0.02,0.28±0.04,respectively)and BAX proteins(the high-dose and low-dose TAC groups:0.52±0.02,0.54±0.03,respectively)were significantly decreased(all P＜0.05),the relative expression level of Sirt1 protein in the TAC high-dose group was significantly decreased(0.71±0.05,P＜0.05),and the relative expression level of Sirt1 protein in the TAC low-dose group was not statistically significant(0.52±0.08,P＞0.05).Conclusion TAC can alleviate neuronal damage and reduce the apoptosis rate of neurons in the hippocampus of CCH rats,and the mechanism may be related to the activation of Sirt1/P53 pathway,inhibition of P53 protein activity,and thus the expression level of apoptosis-related proteins in the downstream of TAC.

OBJECTIVETo investigate and compare the clinical implications of p16 deletion in childhood and adult B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL).

METHODSA total of 129 cases of de novo childhood (73 cases) and adult (56 cases) B-ALL were examined genetically and immunologically using G-banding techniqhe, interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (I-FISH) and immunophenotyping by flow cytometry, and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSOf 73 childhood cases, the prevalences of homozygous deletion, hemizygous deletion and no deletion of p16 were 24.7% (18 cases), 6.8% (5 cases) and 68.5% (50 cases) respectively, and of 56 adult cases, the incidences as of 14.3% (8 cases), 8.9% (5 cases) and 76.8% (43 cases) respectively. The incidence of p16 deletion between the two groups had no significant difference (P = 0.338). In both groups, patients with or without p16 deletion had no significant difference in terms of white blood cells (WBC) count at diagnosis, BM blast percentage, chromosome karyotype, extra-infiltration and CR1 rate. Of note, there were 2 cases, each in childhood and adult, showed no deletion at the time of diagnosis, their p16 deletions occurred at relapse. The deletion of p16 was associated with poor overall survival and event-free survival (EFS) in both childhood and adults. According to the standard of NCI risk stratification, we divided patients of two groups into standard and high risk category respectively, and performed further analysis. The significance of different risk category in children and adults was disparity. The overall survival (OS) rates of deletion and no deletion of p16 were 45.3% and 79.8% (P = 0.006) in children, and 7.7% and 22.6% (P = 0.002) in adults, respectively. EFS rates of deletion and no deletion of p16 were 33.5% and 58.1% (P = 0.008) in children, and 0 and 10.9% (P < 0.01) in adults, respectively. Of the standard risk category in children, OS rates of deletion and no deletion of p16 were 46.8% and 89.3% (P = 0.015) respectively, and EFS rates of deletion and no deletion of p16 as of 40.9% and 82.1% (P = 0.007) respectively. Of the high risk category in children, OS rates of deletion and no deletion of p16 were 41.7% and 67.4% (P = 0.193) respectively, and EFS rates of deletion and no deletion of p16 were 25.0% and 25.6% (P = 0.305) respectively. Of the standard risk category in adults, OS rates of deletion and no deletion of p16 were 20.0% and 46.9% (P = 0.092) respectively, and EFS rates of deletion and no deletion of p16 were 0 and 25.0% (P = 0.062) respectively. Of the high risk category in adults, OS rates of deletion and no deletion of p16 were 0 and 12.4% (P < 0.001) respectively, and EFS rate of deletion and no deletion of p16 was 0 and 4.8%(P < 0.001), respectively.

CONCLUSIONThis study indicated that deletion of p16 was associated with poor prognosis in both childhood and adult B-ALL, which highlighted an important significance to define the status of p16 in both childhood and adult B-ALL for predicting prognosis and guiding clinical intervention.

Adult ; Child ; Female ; Gene Deletion ; Genes, p16 ; Humans ; Male ; Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; genetics ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To assess the prevalence,demographic characteristics,risk factors and protective factors on major depression disorder(MDD)among the affected people in the epicenter,7 months after the 2008-earthquake in Wenchuan,China.Methods Stratified multistage cluster randomization was conducted to choose 14 503 subjects aged 15 years or over in the city of Dujiangyan,Beichuan county and Qingchuan county,Sichuan province.We used the general health questionnaire(GHQ-12)as the screening instrument,and the structured clinical interview for DSM-Ⅳ-TR axis Ⅰ disorder-patient edition(SCID-Ⅰ/P)as the tool for diagnosis.Results There were 180 persons diagnosed as MDD with other 13 asymptomatic ones.The point prevalence of MDD was 1.27% and the lifetime prevalence was 1.36%.Risk factors were including:being female(OR=1.56,95%CI:1.136～ 2.143,P＜0.05),co-morbidity with somatic diseases(OR=4.02,95%CI:2.75-5.90,P＜0.05),wounded in the earthquake(OR=3.29,95%CI:1.92-5.65,P＜0.05),property loss up to 10 000-20 000 Yuan(OR=2.09,95%CI:1.18-3.69,P＜0.05),property loss up to＞20 000 Yuan(OR=2.54,95%CI:1.38-4.68,P＜0.05),death or missing of family members(OR=3.79,95%CI:2.08-6.89,P＜0.05)and in middle-age(OR=2.31,95%CI:1.38-3.86,P＜0.05)etc.Having had a job seemed to be a protective factor(OR=0.60,95%CI:0.43-0.83,P＜0.05).Conclusion Major depressive disorder appeared to be a common psychiatric disease in these quake-stricken areas,that causing serious problems.Sustained follow-up and care provided to the affected people in these areas were of extreme importance.

AIM To establish a GC-MS method for the simultaneous content determination of sixteen pesticide residues in Lycii Fructus and perform safety assessment.METHODS The analysis was performed on DB-5MS chromatographic column(30 m×0.25 mm,0.25 μm)subjected to the programmed heating,with splitless injection of 1.0 μL dissolved sample at a flowing rate of 1.0 mL/min.Other parameters were as follows:injection port temperature of 250℃,electron impact ionization(EI),electron energy of 70 eV;ion source temperature of 230℃,multi-reaction monitoring mode,and collision gas.of high-purity N2.Pesticide residues with relatively high dietary risk were analyzed and discussed with regard to residue levels,dietary intake risk,risk ranking and cumulative exposure assessment.RESULTS Sixteen pesticides showed good linear relationships within their own ranges(r≥0.994 4),whose average recoveries were 70%-114%,with the RSDs of less than 2%.The highest average cyfluthrin residue of 0.999 2 mg/kg in Lycii Fructus of production regions and the highest average cypermethrin residue of 0.088 4 mg/kg in Lycii Fructus commodities were both detected.In Lycii Fructus of production regions with chronic hazard index(HI)value of 0.012 9 and acute HI value of 0.065 5 and their commodities with chronic HI of 0.001 2 and acute HI of 0.005 4,the pesticide residue of cypermethrin was the leading cause of chronic and acute dietary risk,and additionally,pyridaben within maximum residue limit(MRL)was the only detectectable highly toxic pesticide among the other most concerning pestcides of deltamethrin,pyridaben,chlorpyrifos,dichlorvos and methidathion.CONCLUSION There exist pesticide residues within MRL values in some samples of Lycii Fructus and the use of cypermethrin should be well-controlled.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the prevalence of domestic violence (DV) in Hunan.

METHODSUsing a multi-stage sampling strategy, 9451 households involving 32 720 persons in urban, rural and industrial areas in Hunan, China were studied. Multiform clue investigation and face-to-face interviews were combined to investigate the prevalence of DV.

RESULTSA lifetime prevalence of DV was reported by 1533 households (16.2%). A total of 1098 households (11.6%) reported at least one incident of DV in the previous year. Both lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DV varied significantly by geographic setting (P < 0.01). The lifetime prevalence abuse rates were: spousal 10.2%, child abuse 7.8%, and elder 1.5%. With regard to household structure, the lifetime prevalence of DV was highest among those remarried families (21.0%), followed by married couples with one child and extended families with several generations living together (20.1% and 20.0%, respectively). The highest rate of spousal abuse was found among remarried families (14.7%), while child and elder abuse was most prevalent among extended families (12.4% and 4.1%, respectively).

CONCLUSIONSThe findings suggested that although the prevalence of DV in Hunan was modest compared to Western countries, it remained a serious public health problem affecting over 1 in 10 households. Furthermore, the prevalence of various types of DV varied by geographic setting and family structure, suggesting that diverse geographic setting and family constellations carried different risk and protective features.

Aged ; Child ; Child Abuse ; statistics & numerical data ; China ; epidemiology ; Elder Abuse ; statistics & numerical data ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Family ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Marriage ; statistics & numerical data ; Only Child ; Prevalence ; Spouse Abuse ; statistics & numerical data