Objective:To explore the value of multiparametric ultrasonography，including grayscale ultrasound（US），color Doppler flow imaging（CDFI），and real-time shear wave elastography（SWE）in diagnosing mucosal healing（MH）in pediatric patients with Crohn's disease.Methods:This prospective study consecutively enrolled pediatric CD patients who underwent endoscopic examinations at Hunan Children's Hospital from January 2024 to August 2024. Based on the Simplified Endoscopic Score for Crohn's Disease（SES-CD），all intestinal segments were divided into two groups：the MH group and the non-mucosal healing（NMH）group. Differences in bowel wall thickness（BWT），bowel wall stratification，color Doppler grading，SWE values，and increased thickness of mesenteric fat were compared between the two groups. ROC curves were plotted to evaluate the diagnostic performance of each ultrasound parameter. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of MH，and a regression model was developed based on these factors.Results:A total of 234 intestinal segments from 60 pediatric CD patients were included in the analysis，divided into the MH group（101 segments）and the NMH group（133 segments）.There were significant differences between the MH and NMH groups in terms of BWT，bowel wall stratification，color Doppler grading，SWE values，and increased thickness of mesenteric fat（all P<0.05）. The multivariate Logistic regression analysis identified BWT，color Doppler grading，and SWE values as independent predictors associated with MH（all P<0.05）.The area under the ROC curve was 0.906（95% CI = 0.867 - 0.945， P＜0.05），with a sensitivity of 0.865 and specificity of 0.851. Conclusions:Multiparametric ultrasonography can effectively assess MH in pediatric CD patients，providing critical information for accurate clinical evaluation of disease status and treatment outcomes.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of Ginkgo biloba extracts(GB)in the treatment of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion(CIR)injury based on network pharmacology and animal experiments.Methods The intersection targets of CIR and GB were obtained from TCMSP,GeneCards and other databases.Cytoscape software and Metascape database were used to analyze and map the related targets.The model of transient middle cerebral arterial occlusion(t-MCAO)was constructed in mice by suture method,and the effects of GB on the neurological function of mice after t-MCAO were observed by the neurological deficit score and Morris water maze test.HE staining was used to observe the pathological structural changes of neuron in the hippocampus of mice,and Western blot was used to verify the signal pathways screened by network pharmacology.Results Network pharmacology predicted that GB contained 33 active ingredients,and 116 potential targets of GB in treatment of CIR included Caspase3,Bax,etc.In addition,GB may play a protective role through signaling pathways such as PI3K-Akt and AMPK.Animal experiments showed that GB treatment could significantly improve the neural function and learning spatial memory ability of mice,alleviate the brain histopathological injury,and activate p-Akt/Akt signaling pathway.Conclusion GB has the characteristics of multi-target and multi-pathways therapy for CIR,which may reduce neuronal apoptosis by activating the p-Akt/Akt signaling pathway.

The gradient coils of MRI equipment can induce vibrations in implantable medical devices, causing periodic vibrations of implantable medical devices with respect to the surrounding tissue. This not only results in instrument failure but also causes discomfort to the patient. Therefore, studying the vibration characteristics of implantable devices under different scanning sequences and the orientation of the device relative to the magnetic field is crucial for comprehending vibration performance. This study observed the vibration spectra of a full cranial bone-implanted neurostimulator by using laser vibrometry under typical rapid imaging sequences and explored the impact of different magnetic field orientations on vibration. The results demonstrated that the rapid echo sequences induced diverse and rich vibration components, whereas the planar echo sequences caused relatively simple vibrations. Additionally, the strongest vibrations normally occurred in the maximum conductive surface parallel to the phase-coded direction. It revealed the factors influencing the vibrations of skull fixation active implantable devices and provided guidance for enhancing device safety and protecting patient well-being during MR examinations.
Vibration ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Deep Brain Stimulation/instrumentation* ; Magnetic Fields ; Humans

Interfering hepatitis B virus (HBV) capsid assembly holds promise as a therapeutic approach for chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Novel anti-HBV agents are urgently needed to overcome drug resistance challenges, with targeted protein degradation (TPD) emerging as a hopeful strategy. Herein, we report the first degradation of HBV core protein (HBC), a multifunctional structural protein, using small-molecule degraders developed by hydrophobic tagging (HyT) technology. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis identified compound HyT-S7, featuring an adamantyl group, exhibiting potent inhibitory activity (EC₅₀ = 0.46 μmol/L, HepAD38 cells) and degradation ability (DC₅₀ = 3.02 ± 0.54 μmol/L) in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that the autophagy-lysosome pathway was a potential driver of HyT-S7-induced HBC degradation. Remarkably, HyT-S7 effectively degraded 11 drug-resistant mutants, including highly resistant strains P25G and T33N, to Phase III drug GLS4. Furthermore, cellular thermal shift assay, surface plasmon resonance assay, and molecular dynamics simulations revealed the precise mode of HyT-S7 binding to HBC with the adamantyl group potentially mimicking protein misfolding to facilitate HBC degradation. This first proof-of-concept study highlights the potential of HyT-mediated TPD in HBC as a promising avenue for discovering novel HBV and other antiviral agents with favorable drug resistance profiles.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), a severe type of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), is a leading etiology of end-stage liver disease worldwide, posing significant health and economic burdens. microRNA-320 (miR-320), a ubiquitously expressed and evolutionarily conserved miRNA, has been reported to regulate lipid metabolism; however, whether and how miR-320 affects MASH development remains unclear. By performing miR-320 in situ hybridization with RNAscope, we observed a notable downregulation of miR-320 in hepatocytes during MASH, correlating with disease severity. Most importantly, miR-320 downregulation in hepatocytes exacerbated MASH progression as demonstrated that hepatocyte-specific miR-320 deficient mice were more susceptible to high-fat, high-fructose, high-cholesterol diet (HFHC) or choline-deficient, amino acid-defined, high-fat diet (CDAHFD)-induced MASH compared with control littermates. Conversely, restoration of miR-320 in hepatocytes ameliorated MASH-related steatosis and fibrosis by injection of adeno-associated virus 8 (AAV8) carrying miR-320 in different types of diet-induced MASH models. Mechanistic studies revealed that miR-320 specifically regulated fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) production in hepatocytes by inhibiting regulator factor X1 (RFX1) expression. Notably, knockdown of Rfx1 in hepatocytes mitigated MASH by enhancing FGF1-mediated AMPK activation. Our findings underscore the therapeutic potential of hepatic miR-320 supplementation in MASH treatment by inhibiting RFX1-mediated FGF1 suppression.

OBJECTIVES: To study the clinical and genetic characteristics of children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). METHODS: Clinical data, laboratory findings, and genetic test results of 63 children diagnosed with CAH at Henan Children's Hospital from January 2017 to December 2024 were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: Of the 63 patients, the mean age at the first visit was (21 ± 14) days; 29 (46%) were of male sex and 34 (54%) were of female sex. The predominant clinical manifestations were poor weight gain or weight loss (92%, 58/63), poor feeding (84%, 53/63), skin hyperpigmentation (83%, 52/63), and female external genital anomalies (100%, 34/34). Laboratory abnormalities included hyponatremia (87%, 55/63), hyperkalemia (68%, 43/63), metabolic acidosis (68%, 43/63), and markedly elevated 17-hydroxyprogesterone (92%, 58/63), testosterone (89%, 56/63), and adrenocorticotropic hormone (81%, 51/63). Among 49 patients who underwent genetic testing, CYP21A2 variants were identified in 90% (44/49), with c.293-13A/C>G (33%, 30/91) and large deletions/gene conversions (29%, 26/91) being the most frequent; STAR (8%, 4/49) and HSD3B2 (2%, 1/49) variants were also detected. Following hormone replacement therapy, electrolyte disturbances were corrected in 57 cases, with significant reductions in 17-hydroxyprogesterone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and testosterone levels (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS CAH presenting in neonates or young infants is characterized by electrolyte imbalance, external genital anomalies, and abnormal hormone levels. Genetic testing enables definitive subtype classification; in CYP21A2-related CAH, c.293-13A/C>G is a hotspot variant. These findings underscore the clinical value of genetic testing for early diagnosis and genetic counseling in CAH. Citation:Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics, 2025, 27(11): 1367-1372.
Humans ; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/diagnosis* ; Male ; Female ; Retrospective Studies ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn

Rubi Fructus has a long history of medicinal and edible use in China. It contains chemical components such as terpenes, flavonoids, phenolic acids, fatty acids, and alkaloids, and possesses various pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, anti-tumor, anti-osteoporosis, and liver-protective effects. Rubi Fructus is widely applied in medical, health, and food fields. The quality of Rubi Fructus can directly affect the safety and effectiveness of clinical medication. Therefore, this article reviews the research progress on the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Rubi Fructus. Based on the concept of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) quality markers(Q-markers), the article explores the screening and determination of Q-markers for Rubi Fructus from various aspects, including plant kinship, traditional efficacy, medicinal properties, measurability of chemical composition, different processing methods, producing areas, harvesting periods, and planting conditions. The components ellagic acid, kaempferol, quercetin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, rutin, astragalin, tiliroside, and hyperoside are preliminarily proposed as Q-markers for Rubi Fructus, providing a reference for the quality control of Rubi Fructus.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Humans ; Rubus/chemistry* ; Fruit/chemistry* ; Quality Control ; Animals

Eucommiae Cortex, the dried bark of Eucommia ulmoides( Eucommiaceae), has both medicinal and edible values.Modern research has shown that Eucommiae Cortex contains various components such as flavonoids, lignans, iridoids, phenolic acids,terpenoids, and steroids, which have anti-osteoporosis, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, blood glucose-lowering, and gastrointestinal tract-protecting effects. Eucommiae Cortex has applications in multiple fields such as healthcare, industry, and animal husbandry,demonstrating broad development prospects. This article reviews the chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, and quality control status of Eucommiae Cortex. Furthermore, according to the concept of quality marker(Q-marker), this article predicts the Q-markers of Eucommiae Cortex from traditional medicinal properties, traditional medicinal effects, new medicinal effects, measurability of chemical components, compatibility, harvesting periods, and geographical origins. The components such as pinoresinol diglucoside,chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, quercetin, baicalein, baicalin, olivil, coniferyl ferulate, and kaempferol can be used as Q-markers for Eucommiae Cortex, which provide reference for establishing a systematic quality control system for Eucommiae Cortex.
Eucommiaceae/chemistry* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Quality Control ; Humans ; Animals

Objective To verify the efficacy of a domestic human DNA quantification kit based on real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR in detecting the total human DNA concentration,male DNA concen-tration in mixed male/female DNA samples,the degree of DNA degradation and inhibitor tolerance.Methods Samples with different concentrations,different male/female ratios,different concentrations of inhibitors,and different degradation degrees were tested using the domestic human DNA quantification kit based on real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.This kit was compared with a similar product on the market and was applied to the detection of DNA from real cases.Results This human DNA quan-tification kit can effectively detect human DNA as low as 0.001 65 ng/μL,and 6.25 pg/μL of male DNA in mixed samples with a male-to-female ratio of 1∶15 000.Even when the sample contains as high as 400 ng/μL of humic acid or 1 000 μmol/L of hemin alone,the DNA concentration can still be accurately detected.The degradation index can effectively characterize the degradation degree of the sample.This kit has been successfully applied in forensic practice.Conclusion This human DNA quan-tification kit is accurate and reliable in detection.It can accurately reflect the degradation of DNA and inhibitor tolerance.It has good performance in quantitative accuracy,determination of the male/female ratio in mixed samples,and inhibitor tolerance.It has application potential in forensic case examination.

Pancreatic cancer is characterized by significant drug resistance,and despite continuous advancements in treatment regimens,the 5-year survival rate of patients remains low.The nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)signaling pathway,frequently mutated in tumors,has been identified as a critical factor in triggering drug resistance.Multiple studies have demonstrated that strategies targeting NF-κB signaling transduction exhibit promising outcomes in pancreatic cancer treatment.Therefore,exploring the relationship between the NF-κB signaling pathway and drug resistance in pancreatic cancer has become a research hotspot in pancreatic cancer treatment.This review summarizes recent advances in the relationship between NF-κB signaling pathway and tumor drug resistance,as well as its role in pancreatic cancer treatment.Specifically,the mechanisms by which the NF-κB signaling pathway mediates drug resistance in pancreatic cancer are elaborated from two perspectives:chemotherapy and immunotherapy,aiming to provide insights for pancreatic cancer treatment and future research.