Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; complications ; therapy ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; etiology ; therapy

Descending activation pathways in spinal cord are essential for inducing and modulating autokinesis, but whether the effects of general anesthetic agents on the descending pathways are involved in initiation of skeletal muscle relaxation or not, as well as the underlying mechanisms on excitatory amino acid receptors still remain unclear. In order to explore the mechanisms underlying etomidate's effects on descending activation of spinal cord motoneurons (MNs), the conventional intracellular recording techniques in MNs of spinal cord slices isolated from neonatal rats (7-14 days old) were performed to observe and analyze the actions of etomidate on excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) elicited by electrical stimulation of the ipsilateral ventrolateral funiculus (VLF), which was named VLF-EPSP. Etomidate at 0.3, 3.0 (correspond to clinical concentration) and 30.0 µmol/L were in turn perfused to MN with steadily recorded VLF-EPSPs. At low concentration (0.3 µmol/L), etomidate increased duration, area under curve and/or half-width of VLF-EPSP and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated VLF-EPSP component (all P < 0.05), as well as amplitude, area under curve and half-width of non-NMDA receptor-mediated VLF-EPSP component (all P < 0.05), or decreased amplitude and area under curve of VLF-EPSP, its NMDA receptor component, and non-NMDA receptor component (all P < 0.05). However, at 3.0 and 30.0 µmol/L, it was only observed that etomidate exerted inhibitory effects on amplitude and/or duration and/or area under curve of VLF-EPSP (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) with concentration- and time-dependent properties. Moreover, NMDA receptor-mediated VLF-EPSP component was more sensitive to etomidate at ≥ 3.0 µmol/L than non-NMDA receptor-mediated VLF-EPSP component did. As a conclusion, etomidate, at different concentrations, exerts differential effects on VLF-EPSP and glutamate receptors mediating the synaptic transmission of descending activation of MNs in neonatal rat spinal cord in vitro.
Anesthetics, Intravenous ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Efferent Pathways ; physiology ; Electric Stimulation ; Etomidate ; pharmacology ; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials ; drug effects ; physiology ; Female ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Motor Neurons ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; drug effects ; physiology ; Spinal Cord ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate clinical outcomes of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction under arthroscopy and repair of the injured posteromedial complex structure of the knee joint in the treatment of posterolateral knee dislocation with multiple ligament injuries.

METHODSFrom March 2008 to August 2012,22 patients (16 males and 6 females, ranging in age from 20 to 53 years old, with an average of 30.5 years old) with posterolateral dislocation of the knee were treated with primary reconstruction of ACL and PCL, combined with the repair of injuries in the posteromedial complex and soft-tissue. Eight patients had injuries caused by sports,5 patients road accidents and 9 patients falling down. The ACL was reconstructed using the gracilis and semitendinosus tendons. The PCL was reconstructed using LARS artificial ligaments (14 cases), or gracilis and semitendinosus tendons (8 cases). Suture repair was performed in 17 patients with posteromedial ligament injuries,and self-semitendinosus strengthening operations were performed in 5 patients. Continuouspassive montion (CPM) and active exercises were executed after operation at early stage. The IKDC and Lysholm system were used to evaluate therapeutic effects.

RESULTSAll the patients were regularly followed up, and the duration ranged from 11 to 56 months (averaged, 39 months). According to the IKDC scale,9 patients got a grade A result, 10 got a grade B result, and 3 got a grade C result. The IKDC subject score was 89.6±3.1 and the Lysholm scores was 90.7±1.8 at the latest follow-up, which were both better than those before operation.

CONCLUSIONReconstructing the ACL and PCL and repairing injured posteromedial complex of the knee followed by an active rehabilitation is an effective method to treat posterolateral knee dislocation.

Adult ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; surgery ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries ; Arthroscopy ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Knee Dislocation ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament ; injuries ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods

With the development of science and technology, new medical equipments is toward the direction of intelligent and portable. In order to assist medical personnel to patients with blood, developing from previous devices, a new kind of vein locating projection instrument based on two-dimensional scanning mirror is put forward. It can scan and project vein image using a scanning mirror. The related algorithm is also be improved, make vein scan projection more practical. The system finally set up can perform well in vein scan projection.
Algorithms ; Diagnostic Imaging ; instrumentation ; Humans ; Veins ; anatomy & histology

Objective To explore the mechanism of HMGB1 and TLR4 in pancreatic tissue of rats with severe acute pancreatitis and the intervention effect of Ulinastatin .Methods The 54 SD rats were completely random divided into control group ,SAP group and Ulinastatin treatment group ,and each group was divided into three groups :6 ,12 h and 24 h groups (each group n=6) .In con‐trol group ,we turned the pancreatic tissue ,in SAP group ,the SAP model was made with 5% taurocholic acid ;and in the treatment group ,and intravenous injection of ulinastatin was conducted after the SAP model was successfully made .Then we observed the pancreatic tissue pathology in the three groups .The amylase in serum was detected by EPS‐G7 assay ,the HMGB1 in serum and pancreatic tissue was detected by ELISA assay ,the expression levels of HMGB1 and TLR4 in pancreatic tissue were detected by Envision two‐step immunoassay .Results Compared with control group ,the amylase of each time point in SAP group and treatment group were significantly higher ,and the pathology changed obviously (P<0 .05) ,and the SAP model was successfully made .The HMGB1 expression in pancreatic tissue and serum started increase at 6 h ,increased quickly at 12 h and maintained the increasing trend to 24 h in SAP group and it was significantly higher at the same time point compared with that of control group (P<0 .05);at the same time point ,the HMGB1 in treatment group was significantly lower than that of SAP group (P<0 .05);in SAP group , the expression of TLR4 in pancreatic tissue started increasing at 6 h ,reached its peak at 12 h and started decreasing at 24 h ,it was significantly higher than the control group at the same time point (P<0 .05) .At the same time point ,the TLR4 was significantly lower in the treatment group than SAP group (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The proinflammatory effect of HMGB1 in SAP rats pancre‐atic could be partly combine its receptor TLR4 and MyD88‐dependent pathway through implementation ,and the protecting mecha‐nism of Ulinastatin could be interrupt the HMGB1 and TLR4 signaling pathway in SAP rats pancreatic tissue .

OBJECTIVE:To establish the gas chromatography(GC) for the content determination of ?-linolenic acid in songzi oil.METHODS:The separation was performed on 5% DEGS column with detector temperature at 220℃ and flow rate at 30ml/min,nitrogen gas was used as carrier.RESULTS:The linear range for ?-linoleic acid was 1.162～5.81mg/ml(r= 0.9 995).The average recovery was 97.95%(RSD=0.89%,n=3).CONCLUSION:This method was sensitive,accurate and reliable and suitable for the assaying of ?-linoleic acid in songzi oil.

Objective To investigate a cure for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE) by observing the curative effect on neonates with HIE admitted to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).Methods Fifty neonates with HIE from May to Dec.in 2006 admitted to NICU for treatment(NICU group),which contrast to the 42 neonates with HIE in corresponding periods of 2005 year(control group).The curative effect of three supports and three expectant treatment were evaluated by observing vital signs,oxygen saturation,biochemical test,and the neonatal beha-vioral nerve assessment (NBNA) respectively; Clinical curative effect contained markedly effective and effective which as the total curative effect statistics.Results There were no obvious difference between each group from the means of blood sugar data while hospitalizing as well as the NBNA in 3 days. By contrast, the blood sugar status and NBNA improving of neonates with HIE admitted to NICU surpassed the control group after treatment (Pa

AIM: To investigate the change of myopic choroidal neovascularization treated by ranibizumab and evaluate their value in monitoring the effect of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF) therapy. ·METHODS: The study enrolled 30 patients ( 30 eyes ) diagnosed with myopic choroidal neovascularization. All affected eyes were treated with intravitreal ranibizumab 0. 05mL ( 10mg/mL ). Best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA ) , non-contact tonometer, ophthalmoscope, fundus fluorescein angiograph ( FFA ) and OCTA were evaluated monthly until 6mo. The changes of BCVA and central macular thickness ( CMT) were compared at 1, 3 and 6mo after treatment. ·RESULTS:All patients received an average of 1. 70±0. 65 injections. BCVA was 0. 96 ± 0. 17 ( LogMAR ) before therapy, and BCVA 1, 3 and 6mo after treatment respectively improved by 0. 23 ± 0. 09, 0. 34 ± 0. 07, 0. 38 ± 0. 11. The differences were significant ( t=5. 461, 8. 191, 8. 894; P<0. 05 ). Mean CMT decreased form 281. 07 ± 13. 72μm to 261. 33 ± 13. 13μm, 243. 47 ± 16. 65μm, 234. 73 ± 17. 52μm respectively 1, 3 and 6mo after treatment, showing significant differences (t=12. 007, 13. 360, 9. 531;P<0. 05). OCTA revealed a progressively smaller vascular lesion and reduction in capillary density. · CONCLUSION: Intravitreal ranibizumab for CNV secondary to pathologic myopia is effective and safe;OCTA is a noninvasive and time-saving new technology, and it also is a promising tool for clinicians to make preliminary diagnosis and assess treatment efficacy in the follow-up visits.

The study evaluates the lipolysis rate and extent of type Ⅲ lipid formulations using testosterone undecanoate as a model drug after digestion with in vitro lipolysis model, and studies the digestive regularity with optical microscope and electrical conductivity. The results showed that for testosterone undecanoate type Ⅲ lipid formulations with castor oil as oil phase and Transcutol HP as latent solvent, the lipolysis rate and extent were increased with the increase of oil phase proportion and were decreased with excessive proportion of surfactant, in which can see liquid crystal phase during lipolysis process. The lipolysis rate of type ⅢB lipid preparations with different surfactant were ordered as Labrasol > Tween 80 > Cremophor EL, but the rate of type ⅢA is different in quick digestion phase and slow digestion phase. The lipolysis extent of type Ⅲ lipid formulations with different surfactant were ordered as Cremophor EL > Tween 80 > Labrasol. These may be related to the digestive effect of pancreatic lipase on different surfactants. This study implied that the lipolysis rate and extent of type Ⅲ lipid formulations are greatly influenced by the proportion of oil phase and surfactant, and the surfactant structure. These factors will affect the in vivo digestion and should be taken into account when screening type Ⅲ lipid formulations.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical features, mechanism and cerebral functional correlation of hemianopic anosognosia.Methods16 patients with homonymous visual field defects due to ischemic infarcts were examined on visual field and MMSE. The neuropsychological tests were administered such as hemianopic awareness and visual neglect. The facts were analyzed with the location of ischemic infarct documented by MRI or CT. Results10 of 16 patients with hemianopia had anosognosia of their visual deficit. 8 of 13 right side lesion patients had hemianopic anosognosia. 2 of 3 left side lesion patients had hemianopia anosognosia. 3 of 6 awareness hemianopia patients had visual hemineglect. 7 of 10 hemianopic anosognosia patients had larger infarction of middle cerebral artery. 3 else had smaller infarction in the occipital lobe or in the connective area between the occipital and temporal lobes.ConclusionsThere is no specific cortical area for conscious visual perception. Visual awareness is processed by a distributed network including multiple cortices and subcortices. Both hemispheres are involved in visual processing and conscious awareness.