In this study, a platform for long-term and non-invasive blood pressure monitoring is proposed, Its software system and the functions of different program modules in the software system are introduced together with the development methods of the main modules.
Blood Pressure Determination ; instrumentation ; methods ; Blood Pressure Monitors ; Software Design

Objective: To survey the mothers' acceptance of the HPV vaccination for their adolescent girls in Xiamen and to explore the influencing factors. Methods: Mothers of adolescent girls were selected by multistage cluster random sampling. Data of demography of the mothers and girls, the knowledge and attitude of cervical cancer and HPV vaccine of the mothers were collected. The influencing factors of mothers' attitudes were analyzed with univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results: A total of 2 307 mothers were selected. The average age of mothers was (38.0±4.7) years. 13.1% (300) of the mothers had a family history of malignant tumor. The mothers' acceptance for vaccinating girls was 61.9% (1 428). The awareness rates of HPV and HPV vaccine were 42.5% (980) and 21.4% (493), respectively. Mothers who had family history of cancer (OR=1.36, 95%CI:1.02-1.82) showed a greater willingness to vaccinate their girls than the mothers who had not. Mothers who had knowledge of HPV (OR=1.32, 95%CI:1.08-1.62) and HPV (OR=2.03, 95%CI:1.56-2.66) vaccines showed a greater willingness to vaccinate their girls than the mothers who had not. Conclusion The mothers' acceptance to vaccinate adolescent girls against cervical cancer needs to be raised, especially for the mothers who had not family history of cancer, no-knowledge of HPV and HPV vaccines.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the role of undermining orbicularis oculi muscle from Orbital rim for the correction of tear trough deformity and palabromalar groove in lower blepharoplasty.

METHODS56 cases of lower eye baggy deformity with tear trough deformity and palabromalar groove were treated with the procedure of stripping eye orbicularis oculi muscle from orbital rim by a transcutaneous approach in lower blepharoplasty. The orbital septum was opened along the arcus marginalis for releasing the orbital fat. Some orbital fat was removed if necessary. Then the inferior edge of the orbital septum fat was reset over the orbital rim so as to smooth the infraorbital groove.

RESULTS56 patients were available for 6 to 18 month's follow-up. 54 patients were quite satisfied with the cosmetic result. One developed lower eyelid retraction and another one showed asymmetrical subcutaneous local uneven after 1 month's. They were all corrected by the second operation after 3 months.

CONCLUSIONSStripping orbicularis oculi muscle from orbital rim plays an important role for the correction of tear trough deformity and palabromalar groove in lower blepharoplasty.

Adult ; Aged ; Blepharoplasty ; methods ; Eyelids ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; virology ; Inflammation ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; virology ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of bear bile powder (BBP) on the STAT3 pathway and its downstream target genes of nude mice hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) xenograft, and to explore its mechanism for treating HCC.

METHODSThe subcutaneous xenograft model was established using HepG2 cells. When the subcutaneous transplanted tumor was formed, naked mice were randomly divided into two groups, the BBP group and the control group. Mice in the BBP group were administered with BBP by gastrogavage, once daily for 3 consecutive weeks, while mice in the control group were administered with normal saline by gastrogavage, once daily for 3 consecutive weeks. The body weight and the tumor volume were measured once per week. By the end of medication, the tumor weight was weighed and the tumor inhibition ratio calculated. The apoptosis of the tumor tissue was detected by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). The expression of Bcl2-associated X protein (Bax), B cell lymphoma/eukemina-2 (Bcl-2), cyclin-dependent protein kinase (CDK4), cyclinD1 were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The protein expression levels of signal transducers and transcription activators 3 (p-STAT3), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Bax, Bcl-2, CDK4, and cyclinD1 were determined by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSBBP could inhibit the tumor volume and tumor weight, showing statistical difference when compared with the control group (P < 0.01). Results of TUNEL showed that BBP could significantly induce the apoptosis of hepatoma carcinoma cells. Results of RT-PCR showed that BBP could up-regulate the expression of Bax and down-regulate mRNA expression of Bcl-2, CDK4, and cyclinD1. Immunohistochemical results showed that BBP could up-regulate the expression of Bax and inhibit the protein expression of p-STAT3, PCNA, Bcl-2, CDK4, and cyclinD1.

CONCLUSIONBBP could induce the apoptosis of hepatoma carcinoma cells and inhibit their proliferation by regulating STAT3 pathway.

Animals ; Bile ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cyclin D1 ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; STAT3 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Ursidae ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

Adolescent ; Adult ; Dust ; analysis ; Female ; Health Status ; Humans ; Industry ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; analysis ; Quartz ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo establish a sensitive, specific, simple and practicable method for identifying the two sub-genotypes (Ba and Bj) of genotype B isolates of hepatitis B virus (HBV) (HBV/ B).

METHODSThe entire nucleotide sequences of HBV/B and HBV/C were obtained from GenBank, compared and analyzed with DNAStar software. The specific primers for HBV/B (HB) and Ba (BA), Bj (BJ) were designed respectively. HB as HBV/B specific primer (sense) and HBAS-4V (designed by Japanese scientists Sugauchi et al) as a universal outer primer (antisense) were used in the first-round PCR. In the second-round PCR, HB was also used as sense primer while BA and BJ as inner primers (antisense) and they were added into a single tube for PCR reaction. The two sub-genotypes of HBV/B were identified according to the length of the PCR products. A total of 71 HBV DNA-positive serum samples were selected randomly from our laboratory, including 56 HBV/B samples identified by type-specified PCR method and 15 HBV/C samples identified by direct sequencing in preS and S Region (preS/S). All the 71 samples were detected with this semi-nested PCR method. A plasmid containing full length genomic DNA of HBV/Bj, was presented by Professor Kenji Abe as positive control of Bj. Then, the first-round PCR products of 15 HBV/B were randomly selected and sequenced directly, and their sequences were compared phylogenetically with the above known Ba and Bj sequences using Blast and DNAStar softwares to confirm the results of semi-nested PCR.

RESULTS56 HBV/B samples were all identified as HBV/Ba by our semi-nested PCR method. 15 randomly selected PCR products were all sequenced as HBV/Ba. All of the 15 HBV/C samples were negative.

CONCLUSIONA simple, rapid, sensitive and specific method for identifying sub-genotypes Ba and Bj was established with might be used for large-scale clinical and epidemiological studies.

Genotype ; Hepatitis B ; virology ; Hepatitis B virus ; classification ; genetics ; pathogenicity ; Humans ; Phylogeny ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents in Agrimonia pilosa.

METHODThe compounds were isolated and purified by various column chromatographic methods and elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidences.

RESULTNine flavonoids were obtained and identified as tiliroside (1), kaempferol 3-O-alpha-L-rhampyranoside (2), quercetin 3-O-alpha-L-rhampyranoside (3), quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (4), kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (5), kaempferol (6), apigenin (7), luteolin (8), quercetin (9).

CONCLUSIONCompounds 1-3, 5, 6 and 8 were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Agrimonia ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

Objective To observe the microanatomy of the bridging veins emptying into the superior sagittal sinus (SSS) for preservation of the bridging veins in surgeries through the anterior transcallosal approach. Methods Blue latex was injected into the SSS and internal jugular veins in 20 cadaver heads (40 sides), in which the bridging veins of the frontal zone and central zone were dissociated and their positions relative to the body surface were determined. Such indexes of the lateral veins in each zone as the caliber, the number of bridging veins, and convergence angle were determined. The opposite hemisphere was manipulated in an identical manner to measure the indexes of the sagittal sinus. Results in an area posterior to the frontal region of the SSS, a "safe zone" was identified where no bridging veins drained into the SSS, covering the area 32.6 nun anterior and 7.5 mm posterior to the coronal suture. After complete dissociation of the bridging veins near the longitudinal fissure in the "safe zone", the fissure allowed an opening width of 4.48～10.86 mm. Conclusion Thorough knowledge of the venous anatomy can help avoid the bridging veins in the anterior transcallosal approach. Total dissociation of the sticking segment and arachnoid segment of the bridging veins can broaden the opening width of the longitudinal fissure without increasing the tension of the bridging veins to better preserve the bridging veins during surgery.

OBJECTIVETo study hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype and subtype distribution and its clinical significance in HBV-infected patients.

METHODSWe used type/subtype-specific primers and PCR to detect HBV genotype and subtype of 445 HBV-infected patients from Beijing, Changchun, Hanchuan Shenzhen, Qingyuan and Nanjing, including 7 acute hepatitis (AH), 36 asymptomatic HBV carriers (ASC), 352 chronic hepatitis (CH), 28 liver cirrhosis (LC), and 22 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases. Genotyping results were confirmed by PCR product sequencing.

RESULTSAmong 445 HBV-infected patients, the proportions of genotype B, C, and B/C were 32.6% (145/445), 53.7% (239/445), and 13.7% (61/445), respectively. In genotype C, 13 (5.4%) were subtype C1, 135 (56.5%) were subtype C2, and the remaining 91 (38.1%) were neither C1 nor C2. In genotype B, 100 (69.0%) were subtype Ba, 25 (17.2%) subtype Bj, and the other 20 (13.8%) were neither Ba nor Bj. In genotype B/C, 15 (24.6%) were Ba/C2, 8 (13.1%) Bj/C2, 6 (9.8%) Ba/C1, 3 (4.9%) Bj/C1, 11 (18.0%) Ba/neither C1 nor C2, 7 (11.5%) Bj/neither C1 nor C2, and 6 (9.8%) neither Ba nor Bj/neither C1 nor C2, 2 (3.3%) neither Ba nor Bj/C1, 3 (4.9%) neither Ba nor Bj/C2. The HBV genotype and subtype distribution we found exhibited significant differences in the various clinical types of HBV infection tested, and showed that genotype C was predominant among patients with liver cirrhosis (78.6%) and hepatocellular carcinoma (86.4%) while genotype B was predominant in asymptomatic carriers (72.2%). In addition, genotype and subtype distribution showed no significant differences between male and female patients, but genotype and subtype distribution showed significant differences in patients positive or negative with HBeAg.

CONCLUSIONSubtypes Ba and C2 are predominant in patients with hepatitis B from these 6 cities, and genotype C may be associated with the development of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Genotype ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; virology ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; virology ; Liver Neoplasms ; virology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction