AIM: To study central corneal thickness ( CCT ) and correlation in different degrees of diabetic retinopathy ( DR) .
METHODS:A total of 65 cases (130 eyes) with different degrees of DR and 35 normal cases (70 eyes) as the age-and gender-matched control group were examined by corneal endothelial microscope, to measure CCT and statistics
RESULTS: Compared to control group, there were no significant difference of CCT both mild and medium nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy ( NPDR) groups ( P>0. 05 ). While the CCT of severe NPDR group and proliferative diabetic retinopathy ( PDR ) group were thicker than control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0. 05); Pairwise comparison in different degrees of DR groups: the CCT of severe NPDR and mild NPDR groups were thicker than PDR group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0. 05 );compared to medium NPDR, the CCT of PDR was thicker (P<0. 05);The thickness of CCT increases with severity of DR, there was positive linear correlation ( r=0. 173, P<0-05).
CONCLUSION: The CCT increases with severity of DR. Taking care of protecting corneal endothelium is very important in the time of therapeutic measure, especially intraocular operation, to decrease complication.

Objective: To evaluate the protective effect of δ-opioid peptide, [D-Ala2-D Leu5]-enkephaline (DADLE), on pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), and to discuss the possible mechanism. Methods: Twenty-eight male pigs were evenly randomized divided into 4 groups, namely, the sham operation group, the CPB group (only subjected to CPB), the DADLE pretreatment group (received DADLE 1 mg · kg-1 before CPB), and the Glibenclamide group (received DADLE 1 mg · kg-1 and glibenclamide 1 mg · kg-1 before CPB). Peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), PaO2, and the plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration were measured in each group before CPB and 10 min, 30 min, and 60 min after reperfusion. The changes of lung tissue wet weight/dry weight ratio (W/ D) were calculated before CPB and 60 min after reperfusion. The animals were sacrificed 60 min after reperfusion to observe the ultrastructural changes of the lungs and to quantitatively assess lung tissue damage (LTD). Results: There were no significant differences among the 4 groups before CPB and the parameters in sham-operation group had no changes at all specified time points. One hour after reperfusion, the PIP, MDA, W/D, and LTD values in Glibenclamide and CPB groups were significantly higher than those in sham-operation and DADLE groups while the PaO2 was significantly lower(P<0.05 or 0.01). There were no significant differences between parameters of sham-operation and DADLE groups except for LTD(P<0.05). There were no significant differences between parameters of Glibenclamide and CPB groups. Histological examination demonstrated that the degree of lung injuries in sham-operation and DADLE groups were slighter than those in Glibenclamide and CPB groups. Conclusion: It suggests that DADLE may exert its protective effect on the lung through opening ATP-sensitive K+ channels, so as to alleviate the lung I-R injury after CPB.

Humans ; Osteoporosis ; drug therapy ; Technetium Tc 99m Medronate ; therapeutic use

Humans ; Vascular Diseases ; surgery

Objective: To study the distributions of velocity, wall pressure and wall shear stress of blood flow in the human thoracic aorta under normal physiological pulsatile flow conditions, so as to provide a theoretical foundation for elucidating the pathogenesis of aortic dissection. Methods: By virtue of the Computational Fluid Dynamics and the fundamentals of hemodynamics, the authors obtained the numerical simulations and flow visualizations of pulsating blood flow in the human thoraric aorta. Results: The distributions of velocity, wall pressure, wall shear stress and path line of the blood flow in the thoracic aorta were calculated with a function of time in the cardiac circle. The systoltic wall pressure and its dp/dt were higher than diastolic wall pressure and its dp/dt. The pressure of lateral wall was higher than the pressure of medial wall during systole. A distinct depressed pressure was found located at the intersection between aortic arch and descending aorta. Shear stress of wall of lateral aortic arch was less than that of medial wall of aortic arch and the shear stress change in medial wall of aortic arch was greater than that in the lateral aortic wall. The shear stress was in a cyclic and alternative manner. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the wall pressure may be related to the development of aortic dissection.

The structure, reaction mechanism and molecular biology of Leuconostoc mesnteroides dextransucrase are reviewed.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common causes of nosocomial infection due to its intrinsic resistance to antibiotics. In the host,glutathione(GSH) ,one of the most important intracellular antioxidants,provides protection against high levels of oxidative stress. A decrease in GSH levels in tissues infected with P. aeruginosa has been observed while interactions between pyocyanin and GSH maybe partially attribute to P. aeruginosa infection. In this review,the relationship between GSH and the pathogenicity of P. aeruginosa has been discussed based on the author's own research results and the latest literature.

Objective Matrix metalloproteinase-10 (MMP-10) has been shown to be highly associated with atherosclerosis.Recent studies showed that levels of MMP-10 were elevated in infarcted tissues in acute ischemic stoke.However,serum levels of MMP-10 in patients with acute ischemic stroke have never been studied previously.This study aims to investigate the serum levels of MMP-10 in patients with acute ischemic stroke,and evaluate the association of serum levels of MMP-10 with stroke subtypes based on Trial of Org 10 172 in acute stroke treatment classifications,the severity of stroke,risk factors and carotid artery plaque.Methods The circulating levels of MMP-10 were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in 194 subjects,including 109 patients who were diagnosed as acute ischemic stroke in the Department of Neurology,Shengjing Hospital,China Medical University from April to December 2012,and the 85 healthy controls.Results Patients with acute ischemic stroke had higher serum levels of MMP-10 compared with healthy controls (6.59 (6.07,7.31) μg/L vs 5.16 (3.87,5.94) μg/L,Z =8.33,P ＜ 0.01).NIHSS score had positive correlation with serum levels of MMP-10 (r =0.204,P =0.037).Classified by risk factors,we compared the MMP-10 levels of subsets,and results displayed that statistically significant difference existed between dyslipidemia subset and non-dyslipidemia subset (Z =2.07,P =0.042).MMP-10 levels had positive correlation with serum levels of LDL-cholesterol (r =0.248,P =0.040),but negative correlation with thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI;r =-0.208,P =0.030).The subset with unstable plaques had higher MMP-10 levels than that with stable plaque (6.62 (6.13,7.36) μg/L) vs 6.10 (6.00,6.46) μg/L,Z =2.12,P =0.034),implying the relationship of MMP-10 and atherosclerosis.Conclusions Patients with acute ischemic stroke have higher serum levels of MMP-10 compared with the healthy controls,and MMP-10 levels have positive correlation with the severity of stroke.MMP-10 is associated with the subtypes of stroke classified by risk factors,and dyslipidemia subset has higher levels of MMP-10 than that of non-dyslipidemia subset.MMP-10 has positive correlation with LDL-cholesterol,but negative correlation with TAFI.MMP-10 may be involved in the process of formation and disruption of unstable plaques,which contribute to the stenosis of arteries and onset of acute ischemic stroke.

The imaging appearances of 99Tc(m)-HL91, a new hypoxic imaging agent, in ischemic myocardium were studied and the value of 99Tc(m)-HL91 in the evaluation of regional ischemic viable myocardium was explored. Acute myocardial ischemia models were made by coronary artery legations in 18 rats and randomly divided into 2 groups: 99Tc(m)-HL91 group and 99Tc(m)-MIBI group. Evan blue infusion during ischemia and TTC staining after operation were used to delineate the area of ischemic and viable myocardium. The isolated heart was sliced in the short axis and then autoradiography was performed. The electron microscopic examination was also done for the myocardial samples. 99Tc(m)-HL91 and 99Tc(m)-MIBI uptake activities (counts/g) were measured in the area of ischemic myocardium (T) and normal myocardium (NT) separately. The uptake ratios of 99Tc(m)-HL91 and that of 99Tc(m)-MIBI in ischemic myocardium were calculated as T/NT. It was found that the normal myocardium was blue and ischemic or infarct myocardium was negative with Evans blue in all experiment rats. Both the normal and ischemic myocardium was in red color with TTC staining. In the 99Tc(m)-HL91 group the ischemic myocardium showed much higher uptake over normal myocardium, that was demonstrated both in the autoradiography and quantitative analysis. The ischemic/normal activity ratios were 1.634 +/- 0.354. It was suggested that 99Tc(m)-HL91 might accumulate in ischemic and viable myocardium, which is helpful in the evaluation of hypoxic but viable myocardium and potentially used as a imaging agent to assess myocardial viability.

AIM:To compare the operation effect of 2. 2mm micro incision and 3. 0mm incision coaxial phacoemulsification.
METHODS: Patients with age - related cataract ( 90 cases, 90 eyes) were enrolled in the study from January 2012 to June 2013 in our hospital, and they were randomly divided into 2 groups:2. 2mm incision group (45 eyes of 45 cases), 3.0mm incision group (45 eyes of 45 cases). Corneal tunnel incision coaxial phacoemulsification was performed. At 1d, 1wk, 1, 3mo after operation, the visual acuity, corneal endothelial cell count, central corneal thickness, operation astigmatism were recorded.
RESULTS:One day after operation, the visual acuity of 2. 2mm incision group were significantly improved, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0. 05 ), there were no differences in two groups at 1wk, 1, 3mo after operation. No significant differences between the two groups of corneal endothelial cell counting, central corneal thickness at 1wk, 1, 3mo after operation were observed(P>0. 05). Operation source astigmatism had statistically significant difference at 1d, 1wk, 1, 3mo after operation ( P< 0. 05 ), it decreased significantly in the 2.2mm incision group.
CONCLUSION: The 2. 2mm small incision coaxial phacoemulsification with postoperative visual acuity improved more significantly, can significantly reduce the operation astigmatism.