China ; Humans ; Occupational Health Services ; Physical Examination

Objective To explore the relation ship between expression of survivin gene in leukemia cells and its clinical effects, and to study the mechanism of survivin resist-apoptosis function in leukemia.Methods Survivin expression was detected by Western blots analysis and expressions of Fas and Caspase were examined by immunohistochemistry in 18 leukemia patients.Results Thirteen cases in peripheral blood mononuclear cell survivin positive expression was detected in 18 leukemia patients(72.2%), but no survivin expression in 10 normal persons. There were significant difference of survivin expression in ALL/ANLL patients groups and different WBC groups(P

Objective To study the clinical outcomes of titanium-coated interbody fusion system in treating lumbar isthmic spondylolisthesis.Methods A retrospective study was made in 22 cases with lumbar isthmic spondylolisthesis including 15 with degree I spondylolisthesis and seven with degree II spondylolisthesis treated by posterior lumbar interbody fusion using titanium-coated fusion cages from June 2002 to December 2003 in our hospital.There were six males and 16 females,with age range of 41-68 years(mean 52.5 years).In all cases,double cages were implanted with additional posterolateral bone graft,supplemented with pedicle screw systems.The average preoperative and postoperative disc space height,foraminal height,segmental and lumbar lordosis,spondylolisthesis and domain of sagittal rotation on flexion-extension radiographs were measured and fusion state observed.The Oswestry disability index (ODI)was used to evaluate the clinical outcome.Results The fusion rate was 95.4%.There was significant recovery of disc space height,foraminal height and domain of sagittal rotation.ODI decreased significantly.Conclusion The anatomic titanium-coated fusion system is effective and safe in treatment of lumbar isthmic spondylolisthesis because it has advantages in restoring sagittal alignment and keeping bony endplate intact.

There are abundant of lignocelluloses in agricultural wastes. And it can provide a variety of sugars involve pentose and hexose through pretreatments or hydrolyzation of these lignocelluloses. This review summarized the current status of bioethanol production by bacteria, and compared the productivity of some kinds of ethanologenic bacteria such as recombinant Zymomonas mobilis and Escherichia coli.

Objective:To summarize the atypical manifestations and treatment strategies of serous microcystic neoplasm of the pancreas.Methods:Review the case data of 11 cases of pancreatic serous microcystic adenoma with atypical preoperative clinical imaging findings admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital from July 2008 to October 2019, and summarize their clinical manifestations, CT/MRI features, and preoperative clinical diagnosis, surgical methods, postoperative conditions.Results:The median age of the 11 patients was 50 (46-66) years old, 7 females, and 4 males. There were 8 cases with back pain and 6 cases with weight loss. The preoperative imaging examination found that the lesion was located in the head and neck in 8 cases, with pancreaticobiliary duct dilatation in 7 cases, suspected vascular invasion in 3 cases, and pancreatic parenchymal atrophy in 2 cases, 3 cases showed rich blood supply and solid space, and 2 cases were connected to the pancreatic duct. Preoperative diagnosis of pancreatic malignant tumors accounted for 4 cases, neuroendocrine tumors in 3 cases, solid pseudopapillary tumors in 3 cases, and intraductal papillary mucinous tumors in 1 case. All patients underwent surgical treatment, 3 cases of distal pancreatectomy (2 cases of using Kimura method to protect the spleen), 3 cases of pancreaticoduodenectomy, 1 case of total pancreatectomy, 2 cases of pancreatic head resection with duodenum preservation, 2 cases of local resection. All patients had no early postoperative deaths. There were 2 cases of grade B pancreatic fistula, 2 cases of biochemical leakage, 1 case of postoperative abdominal hemorrhage, and 2 cases of delayed gastric emptying, all of which were cured after active treatment. The median postoperative hospital stay was 18 (7-63) days.Conclusions:Pancreatic serous microcystic neoplasm could be accompanied by atypical features such as pancreatic/bile duct dilation, parenchyma atrophy, or even present vessel invasion. Understanding the atypical clinic and image features would help improving differential diagnosis and treatment. For those with invasive features, surgical exploration should be recommended.

OBJECTIVE Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant primary tumor of the central nervous system and is associated with a very poor prognosis. No further improvements in outcomes have been reported since radiotherapy-temozolomide therapy was introduced.Therefore,de-veloping new agents to treat GBM is important. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-tumor effect of evodiamine (Evo) on GBM cells, and to determine the underlying mechanisms involved. METHODS U251,LN229,HEB and PC12 cells were treated with various concentrations of evodiamine for 24 and 48 hours,cell viability was measured by MTT assay.The U251 and LN229 cells were treated with evo-diamine(0-10 μmol·L-1)for 24 h,and then stained with Hoechst 33258.An Annexin V-FITC Apoptosis Detection Kit was used to detect apoptosis in the cells.Reactive oxygen species(ROS)production was detected using dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) staining. The changes in mitochondrial mem-brane potential (MMP) were assessed by JC-1 after cells were treated with evodiamine. The expres-sion levels of p-PI3K,PI3K,p-Akt,Akt,Bax,Bcl-2,p-p38,p38,p-JNK,JNK,p-ERK,ERK,Cytochrome c, Caspase-3, cleaved Caspase-3, PRAP, and cleaved PARP were measured by Western blot analy-ses. RESULTS According to MTT assay results, Evo significantly inhibited the cell proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry analyses revealed that Evo induced cell apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner.Moreover,Evo induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) disruption. Finally, Evo induced apoptosis in cancer cells by suppressing PI3K/AKT signaling and inducing MAPK phos-phorylation(p38 and JNK,but not ERK)to regulate apoptotic proteins(Bax,Bcl-2,Cytochrome c,Cas-pase-3, and PARP). CONCLUSION In summary, Evo inhibits cell proliferation by inducing cellular apoptosis via suppressing PI3K/AKT and activating MAPK in GBM;these results indicate that Evo may be regarded as a new approach for GBM treatment.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of the non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway in development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using a rat model.

METHODSTwenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two equal groups: control group, fed a stand diet; T2DM-NASH model group, fed a high sucrose and fat diet for 4 weeks and intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin (30 mg/kg). Twelve weeks after model establishment, all rats were sacrificed. Serum levels of glucose, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were detected by biochemical analysis. Liver pathological changes were assessed microscopically by hematoxylin-eosin and oil red O staining. The liver expression of Wnt5a and NF-kB p65 were detected by immunohistochemistry and western blotting (protein), and quantitative real-time PCR (mRNA).

RESULTSThe T2DM-NASH model group showed significantly higher levels of glucose (control group: 6.25 +/- 1.28 vs. 31.21 +/- 0.86 mmol/L, t = -36.204, P less than 0.01), ALT (31.00 +/- 3.69 vs. 301.50 +/- 8.62 U/L, t = -99.94, P less than 0.01), and AST (77.58 +/- 1.83 vs. 344.75 +/- 1.82 U/L, t = -358.85, P less than 0.01). The T2DM-NASH group also showed remarkable signs of steatosis and inflammation in hepatic tissues. The T2DM-NASH group had significantly higher integral optical density (IOD) detection of Wnt5a (control group: 1.15E4 +/- 577.45 vs. 4.04E5 +/- 2.42E4, t = -56.24, P less than 0.01) and NF-kB p65 (1.28E4 +/- 1.59E3 vs. 4.21E5 +/- 1.68E4, t = -83.895, P less than 0.01), as well as protein levels detected by western blot (Wnt5a: 4.21 +/- 0.34 vs. 1.00 +/- 0.25, t = 17.030, P less than 0.01; NF-kB p65: 4.93 +/- 0.76 vs. 1 +/- 0.13, t = 11.438, P less than 0.01). The hepatic mRNA levels followed the same trend (Wnt5a: 9.53 +/- 0.64 vs. 1.04 +/- 0.35, t = 20.165, P less than 0.01; NF-kB p65: 0.60 +/- 0.13 vs. 0.74 +/- 0.10, t = -1.802, P = 0.125). In the T2DM-NASH group, hepatic Wnt5a protein expression was positively correlated with ALT (r = 0.64, P less than 0.05), AST (r = 0.59, P less than 0.05), and NF-kB p65 protein expression (r = 0.58, P less than 0.05).

CONCLUSIONWnt5a may activate NF-kB to stimulate an inflammatory response leading to development of NASH related to T2DM.

Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; complications ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; metabolism ; Liver ; pathology ; Male ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; etiology ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Transcription Factor RelA ; metabolism ; Wnt Proteins ; metabolism ; Wnt Signaling Pathway ; Wnt-5a Protein

The aim of the present study was to assess the ototoxicity of kanamycin sulfate (KM) in adult rats and its underlying mechanism. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats (6-7 weeks old) were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. The animals in the experimental group were injected subcutaneously with KM (500 mg/kg per day) for two weeks, and the control group received equal volume of normal saline. To assess the ototoxicity of KM, the auditory brainstem response (ABR) was recorded to monitor the changes in hearing thresholds, and the density of spiral ganglion cells (SGCs) and morphology of cochlea were observed using surface preparations and frozen sections of cochlea. The results showed that the hearing threshold of rats in the experimental group was elevated by more than 60 dB across all the frequencies two weeks after the first administration of KM. And in the experimental group, the density of SGCs became lower, and organ of Corti suffered loss of hair cells. The loss of outer hair cells (OHCs) was more severe than that of inner hair cells (IHCs), correlated with the density decrease of SGCs. We conclude that the ototoxicity of KM in the adult rats was apparent and the underlying mechanism is associated with the loss of SGCs and hair cells.
Animals ; Cochlea ; drug effects ; pathology ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem ; drug effects ; Hair Cells, Auditory, Outer ; cytology ; drug effects ; pathology ; Hearing Loss ; chemically induced ; physiopathology ; Kanamycin ; toxicity ; Male ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spiral Ganglion ; pathology ; physiology ; ultrastructure

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravesical instillation of high-dose pirarubicin during perioperative period to prevent bladder carcinoma recurrence.

METHODSA prospective randomized controlled clinical trial was carried out. A total of 120 patients with bladder transitional cell carcinoma (TNM I-II) underwent partial cystectomy or transurethral resection of bladder tumour were randomly divided into 2 groups, which were chosen from the patients were hospitalized during June 2003 to May 2009. There were 62 patients were in group A and 58 patients were in group B. In group A, intravesical instillation of high-dose pirarubicin during perioperative period was conducted. In group B, intravesical perfusion of pirarubicin was performed regularly after operation. All the patients were followed up in order to record the relapse rates and adverse reaction.

RESULTSNo significant difference was found between group A and group B from gender, age, pathological stage and operation methods (P > 0.05). The recurrence rates were 8.1% in group A, and 20.7% in group B. The adverse effect rates of urethrostenosis in group A and group B were 3.2% and 18.9%. The adverse effect rates of cystic stimulation including irritation signs of bladder and hematuria in group A and group B were 4.8% and 27.6%. There were significant differences in recurrence rates and adverse effect rates between the two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONIntravesical instillation of high-dose pirarubicin during perioperative period is an effective procedure for the prevention of bladder cancer recurrence.

Administration, Intravesical ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; drug therapy ; Doxorubicin ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; prevention & control ; Perioperative Period ; Prospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of the extensive resection of the tumor-loading segment and artificial humerus head replacement combined with perioperative rehabilitation for the treatment of stage II to III giant cell tumor of bone in the proximal humerus.

METHODSFrom March 2007 to March 2010, 7 patients with stage II to III giant cell tumor of bone in the proximal humerus were treated. Among the patients, 3 patients were male and 4 patients were female with a mean age of 34.6 years (ranged, 18 to 49 years). The mean course of disease was 19 months (ranged, 6 to 35 months). All the patients were confirmed to suffer stage II to III giant cell tumor of bone in the proximal humerus by pathology and X-ray examinations. Clinical manifestations of the patients included persistence aggravated pain of the shoulder, swelling in the proximate arm with obviously tenderness, activity limited of the joint. All the patients were treated with extensive resection of the tumor-loading segment and artificial humerus head replacement combined with perioperative rehabilitation. CMS and OSIS score system were used to evaluate shoulder function and shoulder stability.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 14 to 35 months, with an average of 17 months. There were no serious complications or recurrence in all cases. One year after the surgery CMS and OSIS score system were 70.7 scores (ranged,63 to 82 scores) and 25.1 scores (ranged, 18 to 29 scores) respectively. According to evaluation for shoulder function, 2 patients got an excellent result and 5 good. According to evaluation of shoulder stability, 1 patient got an excellent result and 6 good.

CONCLUSIONExtensive resection of the tumor-loading segment and artificial humerus head replacement combined with perioperative rehabilitation for the treatment of stage II to III giant cell tumor of bone in the proximal humerus would not only preserve the upper extremity but also preserve the function of upper extremity.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Neoplasms ; pathology ; rehabilitation ; surgery ; Female ; Giant Cell Tumor of Bone ; pathology ; rehabilitation ; surgery ; Humans ; Humerus ; surgery ; Limb Salvage ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging