Objective Analyze the causes of ambiguous medical records to provide evidence for the DRGs.Methods 268 Ambiguous medical records were selected from 17 751 surgery medical records between 2010 and 2014 based on major diagnosis and major surgery.The single factor Chi-square test was used to study the influence of various inpatient characteristics on the occurrence of ambiguous medical records, and those significant variables were given assignment to find influencing factors of ambiguous medical records by using logistic regression analysis.Results Ambiguous medical records account for 1.51％ of all surgical medical records.Logistic regression analysis results show that such risk factors as discharging from internal medicine, death of patient, transfer between departments, elderly, long time of hospitalization, and tumor patients, as contributing to ambiguous medical records.All the results are statistically significant (P＜0.05), including discharging from which departments (OR=6.595, 95％CI..5.043 ～ 8.625), death of patient (OR=3.787, 95％ CI: 2.611 ～ 5.492) and transfer between departments (OR =2.746, 95％ CI: 2.061 ～ 3.659), which rank important risk factors for ambiguous medical records.Conclusion Analysis of the causes of ambiguous medical records provides important evidences for the hospital to improve its medical record quality management.

BACKGROUND: For skeletal Class III malocclusions, the positional relationship between the upper and lower jaws and abnormal occlusion can impact the shape of the condyle and the glenoid fossa, as well as the movement of the mandible and the function of the masticatory muscles. Maxillary protraction appliances are one of the effective methods for the treatment of skeletal Class III malocclusion in adolescents, which can reconstruct the positional relationship of the jaws and improve the glenoid fossa-disc-protrusion relationship in patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the temporomandibular joint changes in adolescents with skeletal Class III malocclusions treated with maxillary protraction. METHODS: Twenty-nine patients (11 girls and 18 boys; age range from 12-14, with a mean age of (12.90±0.99) years were treated with maxillary protraction. Lateral cephalograms were taken before and after treatment. A coordinate system was set to quantitatively analyze the changes of temporomandibular joint fossa, condyle and temporomandibular joint spaces in sagittal and vertical directions. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After maxillary protraction, no displacement of the gleniod fossa and the condyle in the sagittal direction was observed (P > 0.05). Simultaneously, in the vertical direction, there was no significant displacement of the gleniod fossa as well as no posterior and superior condyle displacement (P > 0.05). However, the anterior condyle moved upward (P < 0.05). No significant changes in the anterior, superior and posterior space of the temporomandibular joint were observed (P > 0.05). These findings indicate that maxillary protraction treatment can adaptively remodel the temporomandibular joint in adolescents with skeletal Class III malocclusion will undergo adaptive remodeling, but will not adversely affect the function of the temporomandibular joint due to the unchanged joint space.

Anoikis is a form of apoptosis induced upon cell detachment from extracellular matrix.It has been determined that acquisition of resistance to anoikis is a critical step for tumor cell metastasis.MiR-21,the most prominent oncomiR,plays an important role in tumor progression.In this study,we revealed that up-regulation of miR-21 in human esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA) is associated with lymph node metastasis and poor survival rate.Because of the established anti-apoptosis effect of miR-21,it is tempting to speculate that miR-21 might contribute to tumor metastasis by regulating anoikis,qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated that miR-21 expression in OE33/AR cells (subpopulation of human EA OE33 cells that acquired resistance to anoikis) was significantly increased.Also,transfection of miR-21 mimics provided OE33 cells resisting to anoikis.By luciferase assays,we verified that PDCD4 and PTEN were the functional targets of miR-21.In mouse model,via tail vein injection experiment,we showed that the metastasis formation of OE33 cells in vivo could be mediated by changing the miR-21 expression pattern.Taken together,our findings suggested that miR-21 was involved in the regulation of anoikis in human EA cells.Targeting miR-21 may provide a novel strategy to prevent metastasis.

To explore the molecular mechanism of human papillomavirus subtype 16(HPV-16)E7 oncogene-induced DNA re-replication in response to DNA damage. Flow cytometry was performed to examine the cell cycle changes in RPE1 E7 cells stably expressing HPV-16 E7 and its control cell RPE1 Vector after DNA damage.Immunoblotting assay was used to evaluate the early mitotic inhibitor 1(Emi1)expression in RPE1 E7 and RPE1 Vector cells with or without DNA damage.The changes of the proportion of polyploidy was detected by flow cytometry in DNA-damaged RPE1 E7 cells interfered by Emi1 small interfering RNA. Compared with the control cells,the proportion of polyploids in RPE1 E7 cells was significantly increased in response to DNA damage(=6.397,=0.0031).Emi1 protein expression was significantly increased in DNA damaged RPE1 E7 cells(=8.241,=0.0012).The polyploid ratio of RPE1 E7 cells was significantly reduced after Emi1 was interfered by two independent small interfering RNAs(=2.916,=0.0434;=3.452,=0.0260). In response to DNA damage,Emi1 promoted DNA re-replication caused by HPV-16 E7.
DNA Damage ; DNA Replication ; Human papillomavirus 16 ; Mitosis ; Oncogene Proteins, Viral

Inositol requiring enzyme 1 alpha (IRE1α), a widespread transmembrane protein in mammals, is an endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) receptor. Among the three signaling pathways of the unfolded protein response (UPR), the IRE1α pathway is the most conservative. And there is a growing body of evidence that the occurrence and development of tumors is closely related to the over-expression of IRE1α. Therefore, the study of the IRE1α inhibitors is of great significance to the discovery of new anti-tumor drugs and has been attracting more and more attention. In the hope of providing ideas for the research of targeting IRE1α for cancer therapy, this paper reviewed the data of representative IRE1α inhibitors, including inhibitory activity, the mechanism of action, structural characteristics, and so on.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; epidemiology ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Epidemiologic Factors ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protective effects of Jiedu Tongluo injection on cerebral edema induced by focal lesion of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, the hydrous content of brain and the expressions of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), E-selectin and MMP-9 in rats.

METHODThe model of brain middle cerebral artery ischemia/reperfusion was established by the thread approach. After 24 hours of reperfusion, cerebral edema formation was determined by the hydrous content of brain. The permeability of blood brain barrier was evaluated based on the leakage of Evans blue. Enzyme-linked immunoadsordent assay (ELISA)was used to examine the expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin. The expression of MMP-9 was measured by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTJDTL, in the dose of 2 mL x kg(-1) and 4 mL x kg(-1), relieved cerebral edema (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), reduced the expressions of ICAM-1, VCAM-land E-selectin and decreased MMP-9 activity (P < 0. 05, P < 0.01) in model rats.

CONCLUSIONJiedu Tongluo injection has a protective effect on rat brain from cerebral edema induced by the injury of focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. The mechanism is related to that Jiedu Tongluo injection can reduce the expressions of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin and inhibit of MMP-9 activation in rat brain.

Animals ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Brain Edema ; etiology ; metabolism ; prevention & control ; Brain Ischemia ; complications ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; E-Selectin ; metabolism ; Evans Blue ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; drug effects ; Injections ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; metabolism ; Permeability ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; complications ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the clinical states of enuresis children companied with spina bifida occulta(SBO)and study the efficient way of treatment.Methods The children with SBO were check out by X ray from a total of 121 children with bedwetting.Their parents were asked to complete the enuresis questionnaires.Urine routine test and B-ultrasound examination about kidney,bladder and ureter were also asked to be done.The clinic data of the 49 children were attained and analyzed.They were randomly divided into 2 groups,and given the controlled treatment.Group A[used 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vas-opressin(DDAVP)only] and group B(used DDAVP plus oxybutynin plus bladder training)treated for 12 weeks.Results There were totally 49 bedwetting children companied with SBO,and most of them(44 cases,89.8%)were severe type(bedwetting times≥7 times/week).Some of them coexisted with frequency,urgency,gentle urgency incontinence and microscopic hematuria(22 cases).Thirty cases were found the functional bladder capacity(FBC)decrease by B-ultrasound.The cure rates were 58.3%(group A)and 88.0%(group B)respectively.The relapse rates were 36.8%(group A)and 12.5%(group B)respectively after stopping treatment for 3 months.Conclusions SBO accounts for considerably higher rate in enuretic children.It might cause the disability of bladder function.The treatment plan with DDAVP plus oxybutynin plus bladder training can not only increase the cure rate but also lower the relapse rate.

OBJECTIVETo observe the therapeutic effects of beta-elemene combined DC/Dribble vaccine in treating mice with hepatic cancer, thus exploring their anti-tumor mechanisms.

METHODSDentritic cells were derived from Balb/c mice's spleen and their phenotypes were identified. Using hepatic cancer cell line BNL1MEA.7R.1 (abbreviated as BNL) originated from Balb/c mice as target cell, DC/Dribble vaccine was prepared via raising the antigen representing carrier autophagosomes (DRips in Blebs, DRibbles), which were rich in tumor antigen information. The mice previously immunized were divided into 4 groups, i.e., the control group, the beta-elemene group, the vaccine group, and the combined group. The PBS was subcutaneously and intraperitoneally injected to mice in the control group. The beta-elemene was intraperitoneally injected at the daily dose of 50 mg/kg to mice in the beta-elemene group and the combined group for 7 successive days. DC/Dribble vaccine was injected into the lymph node of mice in the vaccine group and the combined group on the 1st day, and DC/Dribble vaccine was subcutaneously injected on the 3rd day and the 5th day. All the mice were sacrificed on the 10th day. Their spleens were obtained sterilely, and the suspension was incubated with or without Dribble. The cells were inoculated for 72 h. The contents of IFN-gamma in the supernatant were measured by ELISA. In addition, the spleen cells obtained from the combined group were incubated with different stimulations for 72 h, which were then divided into the control group, the DRibble group, the DC group, and the DC/Dribble vaccine group. The supernatant of cultured cells were collected and the contents of IFN-gamma were measured by ELISA. The liver tumor-bearing mouse model was established, and then the BNL bearing mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, i.e., the control group, the beta-elemene group, the vaccine group, and the combined group. The treatment ways were the same as the immune ways. The tumor size and the survival period were observed in each group. On the 23rd day the mice were sacrificed. The tumor tissue was stripped and stained by HE staining. The pathomorphological manifestations of the tumor tissue were observed by light microscope.

RESULTSIn vitro detection of mice immunized previously by different ways showed that the secretion of IFN-gamma was significantly higher in the combined group than in the rest groups (P < 0.01). The secretion of IFN-gamma was significantly higher in the beta-elemene group and the vaccine group than in the control group (P < 0.01). The spleen cells could be stimulated to secrete a large amount of IFN-gamma in the vaccine group and the Dribble group (P < 0.01). When the beta-elemene was 10 microg/mL as the stimulating dose, the secretion of IFN-gamma obviously increased (P < 0.01). In vivo observation showed that the growth velocity of tumors in mice of the combined group was slowed down. There was statistical difference in the tumor area or the survival period of mice in the combined group, when compared with the other groups (P < 0.01). In HE staining, the surrounding connective tissues of the tumor were wrapped tightly and compactedly, with infiltration of a large amount of inflammatory cells.

CONCLUSIONSbeta-elemene combined DC/Dribble vaccine could induce specific immune cells to secrete secretory cells, thus exerting its anti-tumor effect. Its immunological effects might be associated with enhancing the DC antigen presenting function.

Animals ; Cancer Vaccines ; immunology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Dendritic Cells ; drug effects ; immunology ; Female ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Sesquiterpenes ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo explore the role of Xuebijing Injection (XBJI) in inhibiting inflammatory factors associated with anoxia/reoxygenation myocardial inflammatory response of rats.

METHODSTotally 36 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, 280 ± 30 g were randomly divided into six groups, i.e., the normal control group (N group), the balanced perfusion group (BP group),the model group (M group),the low dose XBJI group (XBJI(L) group), the middle dose XBJI group (XBJI(M) group),and the high dose XBJI group (XBJI(H) group), 6 in each group. The myocardial anoxia/reoxygenation rat model was established by Langendorff isolated heart perfusion. The concentration of TNF-α in the myocardial tissue was detected by ELISA. The expression of nuclear factor kappa B p65 (NF-κB p65) protein and Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) protein were detected using Western blot. The expression of NF-κB p65 mRNA and TLR4 mRNA was detected by RT-PCR. Ultrastructural changes of anoxia-reoxygenation rats' heart muscle were observed under transmission electron microscope.

RESULTSCompared with the M group,the TNF-α concentration, expression levels of NF-κB p65 protein and mRNA, TLR4 protein and mRNA decreased to various degrees in the XBJI(L) group, the XBJI(M) group, and the XBJI(H) group. The TNF-α expression level decreased most significantly in the XBJI(L), group (P < 0.01), while other indices decreased most obviously in the XBJI(M) group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Expression levels of NF-κB p65 and TLR4 protein were obviously lower in the XBJI(M) group than in the XBJI(L) group (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in other indices among the three XBJI groups (P > 0.05). Myocardial fibers were loose and broken with disappearance of transverse striation, and mitochondrial cristae was dissolved and severely damaged in the M group. The aforesaid condition was improved after treated by XBJI, with the most obvious effect obtained in the XBJI(M) group.

CONCLUSIONSDifferent doses of XBJI could attenuate inflammatory reactions after myocardial anoxia/reoxygenation rats' heart muscle through inhibiting TLR4-NF-κB-TNF-α signal transduction pathway. The best effect could be obtained by 4 mL/100 mL XBJI.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Hypoxia ; Male ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Oxygen ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Signal Transduction ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; metabolism ; Transcription Factor RelA ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism