Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Hypercalcemia ; etiology ; Male ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; complications

Objective Overexpression of multidrug resistance(MDR)is one of the mechanisms that will lead to chemotherapy failure.Of the MDR pathways in tumor cells,P-glycoprotein (P-gp) encoded by MDR genes is one of the key points.99Tcm-methoxyisobutylisonitrile(MIBI) is an imaging agent that can detect overexpression of MDR in tumor cells.The aim of this study was to observe the relationship between 99Tcm.MIBI uptake kinetics and P-gp levels in tumor cells,with or without MDR reversing agents.Methods A totle of 2×106 cells of human myelogeneous leukemia cell line K562 and its resistant subline(K562/D) were incubated with 8 MBq 99Tcm-MIBI respectively.99Tcm-MIBl accumulation and emux at various time inter-vats and the uptake difference with the presence of different cyclosporin A(O.1-O.4 ug/ml)were also ob-served.Comparison of different cell lines or without and with cyclosporin A were performed with the t-test, and the daa of different groups were compared by q-test.Results 99Tcm-MIBI uptake in K562 and K562/D cell line were 1.559±0.529 and 0.107±0.036,99Tcm-MIBI uptake in k562 was flitleon times higher than k562/D.As compared with K562 cell line with no expression of P-gp,significantly increased the 99Tcm-MIBI uptake of K562/D to 106%,148% and 163%after treated with cyclosporin A(0.1,0.2.0.4ug/ml)was ob-served(t=4.35,4.83,5.88,P<0.05).Conclusiom 99Tcm-MIBI uptake can reflect the P-gP level and multidrug-resistance inhibitor may impact 99Tcm-MIBI uptake in P-gP overexpressing cells.

Background Dacryocystitis is one of the most common infectious eye diseases.The gold standard for the identification of bacteria causing dacryocystitis is bacterial culture.The combination of regular culture method with molecular biology techeniques will generate more reliable results.However,very few research data are available in ophthalmological studies in this area.Objective This study was to identify the genera and species of the dacryocystitis-causing bacteria by PCR amplification of the 16S rRNA sequences.Methods Ten cases of qualified standardized bacteria samples were taken,and the nucleic acids were released in the heating process of the PCR procedure.The 16S rRNA genes were amplified and sequenced,and the genera and species were identified using BLAST from GenBank,and the results were used to compare with the results from biochemical identification to test the reliability of this method.The cultured bacterial species from the lacrimal sac secretions from 30 cases of dacryocystitis patients were identified with the above method.Results The outcome of the PCR identification for the 10 cases of quality control standard bacterial specimens was consistent with the results from the biochemical identification.The identification of the 30 cases of dacryocystitis through sequencing the 16S rRNA revealed there were 13 cases of Staphylococcus epidermidis infection,2 cases of Staphylococcus warneri infection,1 case of Staphylococcus hominis infection,5 cases of Corynebacterium macginleyi infection,3 cases of Streptococcus pneumonia infection,2 cases of Bacillus cereus infection,1 case of Micrococcus luteus infection,1 case of Moraxella catarrhalis infection,1 case of Moraxella osloensis infection and 1 case of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.Conclusions Sequencing the 16S rRNA is an accurate and specific way for the identification of the genera and species of bacteria that cause dacryocystitis in patients.This sequencing method is feasible in monitoring a variety of dacryocystitis-causing pathogens.More information and epidemiological statistics about dacryocystitis can be obtained from 16S rRNA sequencing.

Blood transfusion is a newly recognized cause of microchimerism, it seems to be common in severe traumatic injuries. In this review, the frequency, cause and prevention of transfusion-associated microchimerism (TA-MC), its current progress of knowledge and unanswered questions were summarized. In addition, the pregnancy-associated microchimerism and transplantation-associated microchimerism were discussed in this review.
Blood Donors ; Blood Transfusion ; Chimerism ; Humans ; Transplantation Chimera

AlM:To research the reasonability of current criteria on distant vision anddiopter for recruiting civil aviators in China.
METHODS: The data about distant vision and diopter of 1901 aviators, including flight majors and aviators in active service participating in physical examination of Civil Aviation Flight University of China from 2006 to 2013, were collected. ANOVA and LSD were used to compare the differences between distant vision and diopter among different groups. The Spearman correlation coefficients of distant vision (≥0. 1 vs ≥0. 3) and diopter (0. 00 to -3. 00D) were calculated.
RESULTS: The diopter of civil aviators in China increased with distant vision decreased. The correlation between distant vision and diopter ( 0. 00 to -3. 00D ) among distant vision≥0. 3's population (0. 4 CONCLUSlON: The current eye standard of recruiting civil aviators in China is reasonable to consider both distant vision and diopter, but the standard for distant vision is higher. Further research is proposed to explore the proper standard of distant vision that matches the diopter standard.

Objective:To clone and express the Staphylococcus aureus Efb(extracellular fibrinogen-binding protein) protein in Escherichia coli, to purify the expression product and prepare its functional antibody and to detect the functions of Efb protein for further studies on S.aureus infection.Methods: Efb gene was amplified by PCR using S.aureus NCTC-8325 genome DNA as template and cloned into the recombinant expression vectors pET28a. E.coli BL21(DE3) with the plasmid was induced with IPTG for protein production. The protein was purified by Ni~(2+) affinity chromatography. The function of Efb protein was determined by complement activity assay and inhibition ELISA.The polyclonal antibodies were prepared by immunizing the animals. Results: The purified recombinant Efb was obtained, which could inhibit the CH50 and AH50 effectively. The functional poly-antibodies of Efb were prepared.Conclusion:Efb could inhibit the classical pathway and alternative pathway of complement activation, and the antibodies against to Efb could block the inhibition of the classical pathway of complement activation induced by Efb.

Objective:The recombinant human retinal pigment epithelium-derived factor(PEDF)protein to be obtained and the angiogenesis of the rPEDF to be identified.Methods: PEDF gene gene was amplified by PCR and cloned into pET32a,rPEDF protein was expressed in E.coli BL21 and confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot.The rPEDF was purified by Ni-NTA on denature condition.The concentration of the rPEDF was determined by Bradford method.The angiogenesis of the rPEDF was determined by chick chorioallantoic membrane(CAM) method.Results: The expression plasmid pET32a-PEDF was constructed successfully.The rPEDF was expressed with stable efficiency in E.coli BL21.The results of the CAM experiment showed that the rPEDF had notable angiogenesis effect in the concentration 0.4、0.04 ng/ml,but had no effect in 4 ng/ml.Conclusion:The PEDF gene was cloned and expressed efficiently,the angiogenesis of the rPEDF to be identified and the activity was worked in certain range.The results can facilitate studying its function and spreading its application.

To reveal the characterization of interaction between Chinese and western medicinal injections, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) was applied to evaluating the interaction of Yiqi Fumai injection (YQFM, as mode drug) with epinephrine hydrochloride injection (YS) and 5% glucose injection (5% GS). The diversification of Gibbs free energy (ΔG), enthalpy (ΔH), and entropy (ΔS) were determined to judge the reaction types of colliquefaction procedures of different injections. Meanwhile, the fingerprints of YQFM before and after combined with the various injections were compared to validate the results. This work demonstrated that during the titration procedure of YQFM and YS, [ΔH] > T [ΔS] , that was to say the reaction was enthalpy-driving. And the reactive profile indicated that a great deal of heat gave out during the procedure. Obviously, chemical reactions happened and the internal component changed. On the other side, the reaction of YQFM combined with 5% GS was entropy-driving, because [ΔH] < T [ΔS]. The reactive profile showed there was only a little heat released. So non-chemical reactions happened and the major ingredients did not change. ITC could be applied to the evaluation on compatibility of other kinds of Chinese and western medicinal injection combination.
Calorimetry ; Drug Interactions ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Entropy ; Epinephrine ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Glucose ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Injections ; Thermodynamics

OBJECTIVEIn order to improve the irrigation for Panax notginseng growing seedlings, different mulching ways were carried out to investigate the effects of double mulching.

METHODField experiment was applied to study soil moisture, soil temperature and bulk density of different mulching ways while the germination rate and seedlings growth also were investigated.

RESULTCompared with the traditional single mulching with pine leaves or straw, double mulching using plastic film combined with pine leaves or straw could reduce 2/3 volumes of irrigation at the early seedling time Double mulching treatments didn't need to irrigate for 40 days from seeding to germination, and kept soil moisture and temperature steady at whole seedling time about 30% and 9.0-16.6 degrees C, respectively. The steady soil moisture and temperature benefited to resist late spring cold and germinate earlier while kept germination regularly, higher rate and seedlings quality. In contrast, single mulching using pine leaves or straw had poor soil moisture and temperature preserving, needed to irrigate every 12-day, meanwhile dropped the germination and booming time 14 days and 24-26 days, respectively, reduced germination rate about 11.3%-8.7%. However, single pine leaves mulching was better than straw mulching. In addition, though better effects of soil moisture and temperature preserving as well as earlier and higher rate of germination with single plastic films mulching had, some disadvantages had also been observed, such as daily soil temperature changed greatly, seedling bed soil hardened easily, more moss and weeds resulted difficulty in later management.

CONCLUSIONTo the purpose of saving water and labor as well as getting higher germination rate and seedlings quality, double mulching using plastic films combined pine leaves at the early time and single mulching removing plastic films at the later time is suggested to apply in the growing seedlings of P. notoginseng.

Agriculture ; methods ; China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Fertilizers ; analysis ; Panax notoginseng ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Quality Control ; Seedlings ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Soil ; chemistry

Chemokine is a class of soluble active peptides that attract white blood cells to the inflammatory site. CD40 ligand (CD40L) involves in synthesis of proinflammatory mediators. Accumulation of chemokine and CD40L can induce non-hemolytic reaction after transfusion, transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) and autoimmune disease during blood component storage. Pre-storage leucocyte deletion can prevent the release of leucocyte-derived chemokines, but not prevent the accumulation of platelet-derived chemokines. γ-irradiation or ultraviolet β irradiation is effective in preventing the increase of chemokines in the storage of platelet, thus prevents non-hemolytic febrile reaction after platelet transfusion. In this review, the recent advance in research of accumulation of chemokines and CD40L during blood component storage, and its effect on blood transfusion, as well as preventive measures are summarized.
Blood Platelets ; metabolism ; Blood Preservation ; Blood Transfusion ; CD40 Ligand ; blood ; Chemokines ; blood ; Humans