OBJECTIVE To prevent and control nosocomial infection in the central supply unit.METHODS Hidden dangers of nosocomial infection of central supply unit were investigated and analyzed to formulate the strategy of precaution and control.RESULTS Management status in central supply unit was not standardized and several administration shortages such as supervising system,architectural composition,and precaution consciousness were occurred.CONCLUSIONS Adopting comprehensive management,establishing regulations and carrying out strictly are essential for prevention and control against nosocomial infections in central supply unit.

Objective:To investigate the role and its mechanism of Toll-like receptor4(TLR4) mutation on acute lung injury induced by hemorrhagic shock without resuscitation.Methods:The hemorrhagic shock model of 20 toll-like receptor 4(TLR4) mutant mice and 20 wild type mice(CBA) was reproduced by heart puncture.The lung tissues were collected at 0,1,2,4,and 6 hours after hemorrhagic shock for pathologic analysis,TLR4 mRNA was measured by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and NF-?B activation was determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay.Results:The lung neutrophil infiltration and erythrocyte effusion in toll-like receptor 4 mutant mice were milder than those in wild type mice.The expression of TLR4 mRNA and activation of NF-?B were increased following hemorrhagic shock in wild type mice,while there was no significant change in TLR4 mutant mice.Conclusion:TLR4 plays an important role in ALI induced by hemorrhagic shock,and TLR4 mutant alleviates ALI.

AIM: Coronary artery stent implantation is a common method to treat coronary artery stenosis disease through catheter. However, its application is limited by restenosis induced by vascular endothelial cell hyperplasia after implantation. In this study, we explored the effect and value of intravascular ultrasound in reducing and identifying restenosis following stent implantation. METHODS: A computer-based online search of Pubmed database and Chinese Journal Full-text Database was undertaken to identify related articles. Forty-four articles were collected, and after first trial, only those about ①application of intravascular ultrasound in coronary stent implantation; and ②evaluation of intravascular ultrasound to the effect of coronary stent implantation. Outdated articles and repetitive studies were excluded. Finally, 13 articles were included. RESULTS: ①Intravascular ultrasound can confirm stenosis extent of target vessel, vessel and vessel lumen cavity size and area to assist to select suitable stent, and guide correct stent implantation. Intravascular ultrasound shows that stent internal diameter should be not less than 3 mm to avoid or reduce stent membrane tearing and plaque prolapse in stent. ②Incomplete expansion of stent after implantation and attachment between stent and vessel wall are main causes for restenosis. Intravascular ultrasound can immediately monitor stent expansion condition, measure stent size after expansion, and identify attachment extent of stent with vessel wall. In addition, intravascular ultrasound can help to know characteristics of restenosis, guide treatment of restenosis, reduce incidence of restenosis and improve stent implantation effect. CONCLUSION: Intravascular ultrasound compensates the deficient of arteriography. Under the guidance of intravascular ultrasound, implanted stent leads to large stent area and low incidence of restenosis. After stent implantation, intravascular ultrasound can accurately detect stent expansion and attachment of vessel and stent, which plays an important role in evaluating restenosis after stent implantation.

Objective To observe the curative effect of fresh amniotic membrane and biotic amniotic membrane grafting for treating eye burn in early stage. Method We collected 19 cases (19eyes) with burn in ocular surface treated in our hospital from January 2006 to March 2007. The 19 cases were divided into two groups. One group was treated with amniotic membrane grafting (FAMG) and the other group was treated with biotic amniotic membrane grafting(BAMG) ,with follow time of 3 ～ 18 month after operation. Results After opera-tion, all the grafted membranes in the 19 cases survived. The corneal epithelium was well healed without rejection and secondary infection. No symblepharon or corneal neovascularization was noted and the vision improved with different degree. Conclusion Both fresh amniotic membrane and biotic amniotic membrane are used for recovering the ocular surface to cure bye burn and biotic amniotic membrane has the same curative effect as compared with fresh amniotic membrane.

Leukemia inhibitory factor(LIF) is a multifunctional cytokine.In recent years,investigations have made some advancement in the effect of LIF on central nervous system.LIF shows a high expression in various central nervous system diseases and related animal models,which shows a neuroprotective effect most time in central nervous system injuries.LIF is defined as a neurotrophic factor.It might provide a new strategy for the therapy of central nervous system diseases to undertake further studies on leukemia inhibitory factor and central nervous system diseases.

Objective The high-pressure-vapor disinfection basket was made to take precautions against the sterile article pollution after disinfection from boiler disinfection and also for convenience. Methods Items after disinfection from 100 pots were randomly allocated to the observation group and the control group, each group had 50 pots.The observation group used the high-pressure-vapor disinfection basket to take the items from the sterilization room to the disinfection room directly. The control group used conventional disinfection cart, re-moved the items to the cart,thon took them to the disinfection room. Time cost for convey of the disinfection items was observed,and surface sampling for gormiculture was obtained from the last item conveyed to the disinfection room. Results After germiculture,2 pollution packets were found in the observation group,the polluting rate was 4%;49 pollution packets in the control group,the polluting rate was 98%,which was statistically different from that of the observation group(P<0.01). Time cost of the observation group was 8 minutes,of the control group was 13 minutes. Conclusions Use of the portable,pollution-prevention and high-pressure-vapor disinfection basket can prevent the surface of disinfection items from pollution,besides,it is convenient and costs less labor and time.

Objective To explore the role of thinprep cytology test(TCT)and HPV-DNA hybrid capture detection played in the screening of cervical lesions.Methods Do TCT examination on 9260 outpatients and do HPVDNA hybrid capture detection on 840 cases therein,836 positive cases continued to have biopsy by colposcope,conformed to the gold standard of histopathology and contrast with cytology in the meantime.Results 8374 cases were negative in the TCT examination;836 cases were cytological abnormal.Cytology-positive rate was 9.03％,ASC-US 398 were 4.29％,LSIL 239 were 2.58％,HSIL 179 are 1.93％,SGUS 9 are 0.097％,SCC 11 are 0.12％.The group of 30 ～40 ranked the highest in cytological positive,it's 43.66％,the second highest was the group of 40 to 50,it's 27.39％.The results of other groups were as follow:＜ 30 is 2.85％,50 ～ 60 is 5.14％,＞ 61 is 0.96％ The difference of them was significant ( P ＜ 0.01 ).HPV infection rate was 27.98％ (235/840).In ASC-US,the detectable rate of CIN in the HPV-positive group was 81.58％ (31/38),the HPV-negative group was 8.98％ ( 15/167),there was significant differene between the two methods(P ＜ 0.01 ).In LSIL,the detectable rate of CIN in the HPV-positive group was 95.45％ (21/22).In HSIL,the detectable rate of CIN in the HPV-positive group was 100％ (16/16).The infection rate in different age group is different,the difference was significant ( x2 =25.2 P ＜ 0.01 ) ; 836positive cases had biopsy by colposcope,507 cases were diagnosed to be CIN,the detectable rate was 60.65％ (507/836).To organize pathology as control,the diagnose accordance rate of cytology and pathology of LSIL and HSIL and SCC were 50.46％,82.12％,100％ (P ＜0.01 ).Took their accordance rate into comparison,the differene was significant.Conclusion Cervical lesion was collected in sex activity period,the peak was 31-40 years.TCT is propitious to screen cervical cancer and precancerous lesion,combined with HPV-DNA hybrid capture detection,colposcopy and pathology,can improve the diagnostic accuracy and the detective rate of CIN and cervical cancer.

Parenteral nutrition (PN) is one of the important measures to cure premature babies and critically ill infants.In recent years,with the improvement of rescue techniques in the perinatal period,a growing number of preterm infants alive,very low birth weight and low birth weight infants gradually become an important part of the neonatal disease.The gastrointestinal development of these premature babies are not mature or combined with other diseases,in a long period of time after birth need partial or complete PN support.Due to the use of PN,provides the children with survival and greatly reduce the case fatality rate,but the cause of parenteral nutrition associated cholestasis would become one of the main complications of premature infants,seriously affect the patient's quality of life.In this paper,the treatment of premature parenteral nutrition associated cholestasis status is summarized.

OBJECTIVE:To improve the classified drug control level and drug supervision in China by drawing advanced experiences from Germany.METHODS:The laws and regulations,standards for classified drug control in Germany were introduced.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:The humanized management,the management model on narcotic drugs,adopting advanced equipment and informationized management in Germany serve as a model for China to follow.

A case of B, -D- blood groups was found in a Chinese woman whose baby died of haemolytic disease of newborn, Her husband was AB, CCDee blood groups. The unexpected antibodies in her sera were studied. The sera reacted with the red cells of all common Rh blood groups except -D-, (Rh)~(mod) and (Rh)~(null). Both respective and serial absorption and elu- tion tests were done for the ccDEE, CCD ee and ccde red cells. The results show that there are two antibodies in her sera. The anti-e is separable and the anti -Hr_o can react with all of the common Rh blood groups. The results were the same to that reported by Allen and Corocoran in 1958.