Statins, hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors , are widely used as a class of lipid-lowering drugs in clinic. Recent studies have shown that the use of statins can be anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrosis and reduce the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which may provide a new method for the preventive treatment of HCC. This article will review the current research progress of statins, including the clinical evidence, the molecular mechanisms of anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrosis and anti-tumor in liver.

Transforming growth factor β( TGF-β) plays an important role in regulating cell proliferation , differentiation and apoptosis , and also in the carcinogenesis .Unlike its tumor suppressor function in normal tissue , continuous activation of TGF-βsignaling pathway in inflammatory microenvironment and cancer tissue promotes the progression of hepatocellular carcino-ma ( HCC) .Loss of Smad4 and epithelial to mesenchymal tran-sition ( EMT ) may be the potential mechanisms how TGF-βtransforms from a tumor suppressor to a tumor promoter .Further studies on regulatory mechanism of TGF-βsignaling pathway are of great significance , which could provide new evidence for pre-venting and treating HCC .

Objective To evaluate the imaging quality and diagnostic value of different MR sequences for abnormalities of knee cartilage. Methods Three sequences of MR, including double echo steady state (DESS), multi echo data imagine combination (MEDIC) and true fast imaging with steady state precession (TrueFISP) were performed in 18 healthy volunteers. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of knee cartilage and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) to surrounding tissues were measured and compared. Results SNR of cartilage was the highest in MEDIC sequence imaging, CNR of cartilage-synovia was the highest in DESS sequence imaging among three sequences (P<0.05). Conclusion Compared with the other sequences, DESS seems to be optimal in diagnosis of abnormalities in knee cartilage.

Objective:To investigate the use of antibacterial drugs during the perioperative period of a cesarean section and observe the differences before and after antibacterial drug remediation. Methods:1 569 cesarean cases from 2010 to 2012 were investigated, and the use of antibacterial drugs, drug categories, drug combinations, medical expenses, and so on was statistically analyzed with the use of the statistical software SPSS13. 0. Results:The rate of antibacterial drug usage within the 1 569 cesarean cases was 100%;for pre-operative antibacterial drug remediation, azithromycin, cefathiamidine, and ornidazole were the top three, while the top three antibacterial drugs for post-oper-ative remediation were arecefathiamidine, cefuroxime, and clindamycin. There was no significant difference between the two groups of incision infections, and the rate for combined use of drugs dropped. The analysis of drug costs is of statistical significance. Conclusion:The analysis of antibacterial drug remediation is useful for the rational use of anti-bacterial drugs and a reduction of costs.

Objective To analyze the clinical effects, as well as its advantages and disadvantages, of laparoscopic surgery for appendicitis in obese patients. Methods Clinical data of 80 obese patients receiving appendectomy, including 38 cases of open appendectomy and 42 cases of laparoscopic appendectomy, were analyzed retrospectively.The operative time, blood loss, analgesic and antibiotic use, postoperative fever, postoperative complications, length of hospital stay, and hospitalization cost were compared between the two operative methods. Results Conversions to open surgery were required in 2 patients in the laparoscopic group. There was no significant difference in operative time between the 2 groups (P >0.05).Compared with the open group, the laparoscopic group had less blood loss [(14.98 ±12.77) ml vs.(31.58 ±19.00) ml, t=-4.550, P=0.000], shorter time of postoperative antibiotic use [(2.7 ±1.0) d vs.(4.1 ±1.2) d, t=-5.470, P=0.000], less postoperative analgesics needed [5.0%(2/40) vs.26.3%(10/38),χ2 =6.802, P=0.009], less drainage [2.5% (1/40) vs.18.4% (7/38), χ2 =5.367, P=0.021], less postoperative fever [5.0%(2/40) vs.23.7%(9/38),χ2 =5.616, P=0.018], less postoperative wound healing [5.0%(2/40) vs.21.1%(8/38),χ2 =4.493, P=0.034], and shorter hospital stay [(5.9 ±3.2) d vs.(8.7 ±4.1) d, t=-3.345, P=0.001], but the higher cost of hospitalization [(7800 ±396) yuan vs.(4914 ±434) yuan, t=30.716, P=0.000]. Conclusion For obese patients with appendicitis, laparoscopic appendectomy has less surgical trauma, faster recovery, less postoperative pain, fewer complications,and shorter hospital stay, being a preferred method of treatment.

Laparoscopic surgery for upper-third gastric cancer has gradually been accepted by experienced surgeons as the mature of this technique.Different from the standardized and programmed D2 lymph node dissection in Laparoscopy-assisted Billroth Ⅰ gastrectomy,the indications and methods for laparoscopic splenic hilar lymphadectomy in the upper-third gastric cancer remains controversial.Unsolved problems include joint organs resection,appropriate surgical approach selection and variable vascular anatomy of the splenic hilum.Meanwhile,the long-term efficacy and safety of laparoscopic splenic hilar lymphadectomy for the upper-third gastric surgery need to be confirmed by evidence-based medical trials.With the advance of the theory and clinical practice,laparoscopic splenic hilar lymph node dissection will continue to progress.

Objective To evaluate the academic quality and characteristics of edition of the Chinese Journal of Geriatrics. Methods Within the database of Chinese Medical Citation Index(CMCI), the citation analysis was used to analyze the number and its distribution of the cited original articles published in the Journal 1999-2004. Results The average freguency for a single article cited by other researchers was 2.82, and there were more articles cited than other journals. The authors of these articles were distributed in the 30 province and municipalities, among which Beijing, Guangdong Province, Shanghai were in the front of Geriatrics research. There were 514 cited journals, and self-citing rate was 6.07%. Conclusions The Chinese Journal of Geriatrics has published high quality articles, and has its own edition characteristics to keep its steady level of research. It is one of the most important information resources for the geriatrics researchers and one of the most important medical journal.

As the repeated emergence of accounting communication distortion and criminal behaviors among accounts,the absence of accounts′ professional ethics is drawing increasing attention from the general public.The professional ethics absence is partially related to the imperfect self-discipline of accountants.However,self-discipline by its own can never solve the absence of accounts′ professional ethics to some extent.Certain social factors are also responsible,which are analyzed in this thesis,aiming to provide a welcoming external environment for the improvement of professional ethics among accountants.

Objective To investigate the internal relationship between the exp ression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the activation of NF－? B p65 in the skin of patients with psoriasis vulgaris(PV) and their roles in the p athogenesis of PV. Methods The expression and distribution of iNOS and NF－? Bp 65 were studied by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry in 20 patients with PV and 12 healthy controls. The severity of PV was assessed by Psoriasis a nd Severity Index(PASI) score. Results① The expression of both iNOS mRNA and pr otein was significantly higher in lesional epidermis than those in non lesiona l epidermis and epidermis of the controls (P

0.05).There was significant difference in recovery of AST between two groups(P