Objective: To understand the occurrence and predictive factors of depressive symptoms among multi ethnic middle school students in Yunnan Province, so as to provide a referential framework for schools to carry out targeted mental health education. Methods: From October to December 2022, 8 500 first grade students from 23 middle schools were selected from 11 minority areas in Yunnan Province by cluster random sampling method. Demographic information and data relating to the students lifestyles were collected by questionnaire, and the Children s Depression Inventory (CDI) was used to evaluate depressive symptoms. Chi square test was performed to compare differences in the detection rate of depressive symptoms among first grade middle school students for univariate analysis. A decision tree model of depressive symptoms in middle school students was established by using the Chi squared automatic interaction detector (CHAID). Results: The detection rate of depressive symptoms among first grade students from multi ethnic middle schools in Yunnan Province was 28.26%. The decision tree model of depressive symptoms was academic stress ( χ 2=469.08) at the first level, breakfast behaviors (low/moderate academic stress: χ 2=155.49; severe academic stress: χ 2=105.24) at the second level, and the number of close friends (low/moderate academic stress and consuming breakfast 0- 2 days weekly: χ 2=23.15; low/moderate academic stress and consuming breakfast 3-4 days weekly: χ 2=14.99; severe academic stress and consuming breakfast 0-2 days weekly: χ 2=29.26; severe academic stress and consuming breakfast 3-4 days weekly: χ 2=20.15), ethnicity ( χ 2=78.22) and drinking ( χ 2=50.36) at the third level ( P <0.01). Conclusions The study identifies academic stress, breakfast behaviors, number of close friends, drinking and ethnicity as predictive factors of depressive symptoms among multi ethnic middle school students in Yunnan Province. Schools should develop targeted strategies for preventing and managing depressive symptoms in middle school students, so as to reduce their occurrence.

Objective: To determine the latent class of dietary patterns and their association with depressive symptoms among first grade students from multi ethnic middle schools in Yunnan Province, so as to provide a reference basis for promoting mental health among border middle school students. Methods: A cluster random sampling involving 8 500 first grade middle school students from 11 counties in Yunnan Province was conducted by a questionnaire survey between October to December 2022. The Children s Depression Inventory (CDI) was used to assess the depressive symptoms and the Food Frequency Questionnaire was used to collect eating behavior data. The latent profile analysis model was used to fit the latent class of dietary patterns among students. The association between the dietary pattern latent class and depressive symptoms was analyzed by Logistic regression. Results: The depressive symptom detection rate among firstgrade middle school students was 28.3%. Prevalence of depressive symptom in girls (30.9%) was higher than boys (25.5%) with a statistically significant difference ( χ 2=29.83, P <0.01). The dietary patterns among first grade middle school students were classified into four latent classes, as follows:class 1 (low consumption of all dietary components), class 2 (high consumption of fruit, milk and dairy products), class 3 (high consumption of vegetables and meat, and low consumption of processed foods) and class 4 (low consumption of milk, dairy products and eggs, and high consumption of processed foods). After adjusting for confounding variables, the class 3 dietary pattern was negatively correlated with depressive symptoms ( OR=0.62, 95%CI =0.52-0.74) and the class 4 dietary pattern was positively correlated with depressive symptoms ( OR= 1.28 , 95%CI =1.05-1.57) ( P <0.05), compared with the class 1 dietary pattern. Conclusions Multi ethnic first grade middle school students in Yunnan Province follow various dietary patterns. Unhealthy dietary patterns increase the risk of depressive symptoms. The dietary patterns of multi ethnic middle school students in Yunnan Province should be adjusted to promote the establishment of healthy dietary patterns and reduce the risk of depression symptoms in middle school students.

Objective: To investigate the association of sugar sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption with insomnia and depressive symptoms among first grade middle school students from Yunnan Province, so as to provide evidence to guide interventions for the treatment of these symptoms in this population. Methods: From October to December 2022, 8 500 firstgrade middle school students from 11 counties in Yunnan Province were selected by cluster random sampling. Depressive symptoms, SSB consumption, and insomnia symptoms among students were evaluated by the Child Depression Scale (CDI), dietary frequency questionnaire, and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). A Logistic regression model was employed to analyze the relationship between SSB consumption, insomnia, depressive symptoms, and their interaction effects among students. Results: The detection rate of depressive symptoms was 28.3%, and having insomnia symptoms ( OR=6.07, 95%CI =5.46-6.75), consuming carbonated beverages ( OR=1.20, 95%CI =1.08-1.34), tea ( OR=1.13, 95%CI =1.02-1.25), energy drinks ( OR=1.36, 95%CI =1.23-1.50), and other beverages ( OR=1.32, 95%CI =1.19-1.45) were positively correlated with depressive symptoms among first grade middle school students ( P < 0.05). Carbonated beverages (additive effect: OR=2.96, 95%CI =2.72-3.22, multiplicative effect: OR=4.75, 95%CI =4.25- 5.32 ), fruit drinks (additive effect: OR=2.61, 95%CI =2.40-2.82; multiplicative effect: OR=4.43, 95%CI =3.94-4.97), tea (additive effect: OR=2.70, 95%CI =2.47-2.89; multiplicative effect: OR=4.34, 95%CI =3.86-4.89), energy drinks (additive effect: OR=2.82, 95%CI =2.61-3.05; multiplicative effect: OR=4.48, 95%CI =3.92-5.12), sweetened milk (additive effect: OR= 2.73, 95%CI =2.06-2.96; multiplicative effect: OR=4.61, 95%CI =4.12-5.17) and other beverages (additive effect: OR= 2.73 , 95%CI =2.53-2.95; multiplicative effect: OR=4.56, 95%CI =4.00-5.20) had both additive and multiplicative effects with insomnia, and increased the risk of depressive symptoms in first grade middle school students ( P <0.01). Conclusions The interaction between the consumption of SSB and insomnia symptoms may increase the risk of depressive symptoms among first grade middle school students in Yunnan Province. It is necessary to advocate middle school students to reduce SSB intake, in order to decrease the occurrence of depressive symptoms among this population.

Recombinant collagen, as an alternative to natural collagen, has the potential to be widely used in biomaterials, biomedicine, etc. Diverse recombinant collagens and their variants can be industrially produced in a variety of expression systems, which lays a foundation for exploring and expanding the clinical application of recombinant collagens. We reviewed different expression systems for recombinant collagens, such as prokaryotic expression systems, yeast expression systems, as well as plant, insect, mammal, and human cell expression systems, and introduced the advantages, potential applications, and limitations of recombinant collagen. In particularly, we focused on the current progress in the recombinant collagen production, including recombinant expression system construction and hydroxylation strategies of recombinant collagen, and summarized the current biomedical applications of recombinant collagen.
Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; Collagen/biosynthesis* ; Humans ; Hydroxylation ; Recombinant Proteins/biosynthesis*

Objective : To detect the composition of the subgingival microbiota in generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) and severe chronic periodontitis (SCP) patients tested by high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies, analyze its diversity and function by using bioinformatics, and observe changes in the subgingival microbiota before and after periodontal initial therapy. Methods: Eleven patients with GAgP and 14 patients with SCP who visited the Department of Periodontics in Stomatological Hospital of Kunming Medical University from September 2018 to May 2019 were recruited, and subgingival plaque samples were collected at baseline and 6 weeks after initial therapy. Then, the genomic DNA was distracted and sequenced by the Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing platform. QIIME (quantitative insights in microbial ecology), Mothur, SPSS and other software were used to analyze community information. LEfSe difference analysis (linear discriminant analysis effect size), network analysis, and the KEGG PATHWAY database (https://www.kegg.jp/kegg/pathway.html) were used to predict community function. Results : At baseline, the dominant microbiota of GAgP and SCP patients were similar, including Bacteroidetes, Porphyromonas and Porphyromonas endodontalis. Six weeks after initial therapy, as the periodontal pocket became shallower, the variation trend of the microbiota of GAgP and SCP patients was similar. The relative abundance of gram-negative bacteria, such as Bacteroidetes, Porphyromonas and Porphyromonas endodontalis, decreased, while the relative abundance of gram-positive bacteria, such as Proteobacteria, Actinomyces and Rothia aeria, increased. Actinobacteria were significantly increased biomarkers of the subgingival microbiota in GAgP after treatment. Streptococcus is an important genus that connects the microbiota related to periodontitis and the microbiota related to periodontal health. Community function prediction result showed that initial treatment can reduce the functions of amino acid metabolism, methane metabolism, and peptidase in GAgP and SCP patients. Conclusion The subgingival microbiota of GAgP and SCP patients are similar. Streptococcus, as an early colonizer, may play an important role in promoting plaque biofilm formation and maturation in the process of subgingival flora from health to imbalance. Initial therapy can change the composition and structure of the subgingival microbiota, reduce community diversity, and reduce the functions of amino acid metabolism, methane metabolism, and peptidase in GAgP and SCP patients.

By comparing new medical device regulations with existing directives in the European Union, the revising ideas of new EU medical device regulations, especially the changes of the classification management concepts, were analyzed to provide clues for the industry to interpret the new EU regulations, and references for the classification management innovation in our country.
Equipment and Supplies ; classification ; European Union ; Government Regulation ; Industry

Objective To investigate the changes of soluble CD105,transforming growth factor-beta1(TGF-β1) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in esophageal cancer(EC) patients,analyzing its clinical significance.Methods Collecting 56 cases of gastric cancer(observation group) and 49 cases of healthy people(control group)from Nov.2014 to Jan.2016 as the research objects.The levels of soluble CD105,TGF-β1 and VEGF were detected in EC patients pre-and post-operation and healthy subjects.The data of soluble CD105,TGF-β1 and VEGF were analyzed in the two groups.Results The pre-operation levels of soluble CD105,TGF-β1 and VEGF in EC patients were significantly higher than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The pre-operation levels of soluble CD105,TGF-β1 and VEGF in EC patients were significantly higher than post-operation levels,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The post-operation levels of soluble CD105,TGF-β1 and VEGF in EC patients were not statistically different with control group(P>0.05).Conclusion The levels of soluble CD105,TGF-β1 and VEGF could be abnormal in patients with EC,which might be the index for monitoring the clinical disease condition and judging the prognosis of the EC.

The article has summarized the situation related to medical device naming, analyzed the problems of medical device naming in our country, put forward some new thinking in building the naming system of medical device in our country provided some reference on technical study of medical device naming.
China ; Durable Medical Equipment ; classification ; Terminology as Topic

The article has analyzed the policy co-ordination, Industry coverage and technical experience of the global medical device nomenclature (GMDN) to our country, argued the feasibility on the application of GMDN in our medical device administration system, provided some reference on building the naming system of medical device in our country.
Equipment and Supplies ; Feasibility Studies ; Industry ; Terminology as Topic

The article has reviewed the administration technical structure and global application of the global medical device nomenclature(GMDN), analyzed the coordination between GMDN and the industry status of medical device in our country, put forward some suggestions on the applicaition of GMDN, provided some reference on raising the management level of medical device in our country.
Equipment and Supplies ; standards ; Terminology as Topic