Objective: To study the relations between neck/shoulder or low back pain and their daily behavioral habits among middle school students in Shenzhen. Methods: We randomly chose 3 952 students from 10 high schools in Shenzhen to complete the questionnaires. Data was gathered and analyzed, using the IBM SPSS 23.0. Results: Of the 3 952 participants, 20.3% had neck/shoulder pain and 15.2% had low back pain. Among students experienced neck/shoulder pain, female (25.3%), high school (24.5%) and boarding students (24.4%) experienced higher rates of neck/shoulder pain (P<0.05). Female students (17.9%) also had higher rate of low back pain (P<0.05). Results from logistic regression analysis showed that factors as: gender, type of school, taking naps on the desk, staying up late, self-perceived stress from learning, overloading homework, time spent on mobile phone and TV, spending long time on computer etc. were related to the neck/shoulder pain (P<0.05). Factors as: gender, naps on the desk, stay up late, self-perceived stress, overloading homework, time spent on mobile phone and TV etc., were related to low back pain (P<0.05). Conclusion: Neck/shoulder pain and low back pain were both commonly seen while high self-perceived stress, sedentary behaviors and poor sleeping habits were associated with both neck/shoulder and low back pain in high school students in Shenzhen.
Female ; Habits ; Humans ; Low Back Pain ; Neck Pain ; Risk Factors ; Schools ; Shoulder ; Shoulder Pain ; Sleep ; Students ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective：The retrospective analysis was conducted to study the effectiveness of radiotherapy for the patients with AIDS related primary cerebral lymphoma. Methods： From January 1995 to December 1999, 8 patients with AIDS related primary cerebral lymphoma were treated in Department of Radiotherapy, Henri Mondor Hospital, Medical College, University Ⅻ of Paris. Median age was 32 years (range: 21－ 57 years). Eight patients received irradiation of 30 Gy to total brain, 4 patients continued to receive irradiation of 15－ 20 Gy to the primary cerebral tumor. The median dose of radiotherapy was 37.5 Gy (30－ 50 Gy). Results： After radiotherapy, the tumor size in brain was reduced in 4 patients, did not change in 3 patients, and increased in 1 patient. The median survival was 7.1 months (range:3－ 19 months). Conclusions： There was poor survival for the patients with AIDS related primary cerebral lymphoma and radiotherapy could prolong the survival of the patients.

Myopia is a common eye disease among children and adolescents, and it is also a major and common public health problem for children and adolescents worldwide. Although the myopia rate among children and adolescents in different provinces , cities , and regions varies , the incidence of myopia is generally high , showing a trend of high incidence and younger age. Myopia in children and adolescents is closely related to sleep conditions . The sleep time of most children and adolescents in China does not reach the recommended length of time for this age group, and their sleep quality is poor, which affects their study and life. The biological connection and molecular mechanism between sleep and myopia are hot topics in clinical research . This article reviews the epidemiological characteristics of myopia and sleep status in children and adolescents , as well as the biological mechanisms between sleep and myopia , with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for preventing myopia in children and adolescents.

OBJECTIVETo explore the molecular mechanism of the protective effect of nerve growth factor (NGF) on injured spinal cord.

METHODSThe posterior T(8) (the 8th thoracic segment) spinal cords of 60 Wistar rats were injured by impacts caused by objects (weighing 10 g) falling from a height of 2.5 cm with Allen's way. Solution with nerve growth factors (NGF) was given to 30 rats (the NGF group) through a microtubule inserted into the subarachnoid cavity immediately, and at 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours after spinal cord injury (SCI) respectively. Normal saline (NS) with same volume was given to the other 30 rats (the NS group) with the same method. And 5 normal rats were taken as the normal controls. The expression of bcl-2 and bax proteins in spinal cord was detected with immunohistochemistry. The apoptotic neurons in spinal cord were measured with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling of DNA fragments (TUNEL) staining.

RESULTSThe positive expression of bcl-2 protein was strong in the normal controls, but decreased in the NS group, and increased significantly in the NGF group as compared with that of the NS group (P<0.01). The positive expression of bax protein was also strong in the normal controls, but increased in the NS group, and decreased significantly in the NGF group as compared with that of the NS group (P<0.01). Apoptotic neurons were found in the NS group, and they decreased significantly in the NGF group as compared with that of the NS group (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSNGF can protect the injured nerve tissues through stimulating the expression of bcl-2 protein, inhibiting the expression of bax protein and inhibiting the neuronal apoptosis after SCI.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; physiology ; Female ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Nerve Growth Factor ; physiology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; physiopathology

OBJE CTIVE To provide reference for improving rational drug use in medical institutions and strengthening individualized rational drug use monitoring. METHODS The hospital information system （HIS）was used to retrieve the patient ’s medical information and the doctor ’s medical information ；on the basis of pre-examination of prescriptions ，the chronic disease medication monitoring and visiting frequency monitoring modules were added to construct individualized rational drug use monitoring platform. Taking hypoglycemic drugs as an example ，the number of patients who were prescribed the drug ≥3 times a month in Karamay Central Hospital （hereinafter referred to as “our hospital ”）was compared before and after the operation of the individualized rational drug use monitoring platform （Jan. to Apr. 2018 regarded as before operation ，Jan. to Apr. 2019 and 2021 regarded as after operation ）. At the same time ，the number of risk prescriptions （repeatedly prescribing the same drug ≥3 times a day）and unreasonable prescriptions after the operation of the individualized rational drug use monitoring platform （Jan. to Apr. 2019 and Jan. to Apr. 2021）in our hospital were compared. RESULTS The proport ion of patients who were over prescribed Diformin tablets from Jan. to Apr. in 2021 was lower than the same period in 2018 significantly（16.65％ vs. 27.17％，P＜0.05）. From Jan. to Apr. 2019，35.3％ of the risk prescriptions in our hospital were unqualified prescriptions ；in the same period of 2021， the proportion of unqualified prescriptions in risk prescriptions in our hospital decreased to 12.82％ ，which was statistically significant compared with 2019（P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Based on the actual situation of patients ，our hospital establishes the individualized rational drug use monitoring platform by using HIS to meet the actual needs of clinical drug use. The use of the platform has significantly reduced the number of patients visiting doctors many times and unreasonable prescriptions ，and promotes rational drug use. At the same time ，the platform also further strengthens the prescription review system of our hospital and improves the level of pharmaceutical care.

INTRODUCTION: Hospital-at-home programmes are well described in the literature but not in Asia. We describe a home-based inpatient substitutive care programme in Singapore, with clinical and patient-reported outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients admitted to a hospital-at-home programme from September 2020 to September 2021. Suitable patients, who otherwise required hospitalisation, were admitted to the programme. They were from inpatient wards, emergency department and community nursing teams in the western part of Singapore, where a multidisciplinary team provided hospital-level care at home. Electronic health record data were extracted from all patients admitted to the programme. Patient satisfaction surveys were conducted post-discharge. RESULTS: A total of 108 patients enrolled. Mean age was 67.9 (standard deviation 16.7) years, and 46% were male. The main diagnoses were skin and soft tissue infections (35%), urinary tract infections (29%) and fluid overload (18%). Median length of stay was 4 (interquartile range 3-7) days. Seven patients were escalated back to the hospital, of whom 2 died after escalation. One patient died at home. There was 1 case of adverse drug reaction and 1 fall at home, and no cases of hospital-acquired infections. Patient satisfaction rates were high and 94% of contactable patients would choose to participate again. CONCLUSION Hospital-at-home programmes appear to be safe and feasible alternatives to inpatient care in Singapore. Further studies are warranted to compare clinical outcomes and cost to conventional inpatient care.
Aftercare ; Aged ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Patient Discharge ; Retrospective Studies ; Singapore

According to the hardware characters of the high intensive focused ultrasound (HIFU) serial-parallel robots, this paper presents an algorithm of 2-grade interpolation scheme which includes the rough and fine interpolations. Both pre-acceleration and post-acceleration are employed to meet the restrictive requirements of coordinated dynamic performance and the detailed procedure of the interpolation algorithm is given too.
Algorithms ; Artificial Intelligence ; Computer Simulation ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Robotics ; Ultrasound, High-Intensity Focused, Transrectal ; instrumentation ; methods

Retinitis pigmentosa is a leading cause of blindness and a progressive retinal disorder, affecting millions of people worldwide. This disease is characterized by photoreceptor degeneration, eventually leading to complete blindness. Autosomal dominant (adRP) has been associated with mutations in at least four ubiquitously expressed genes encoding pre-mRNA splicing factors-Prp3, Prp8, Prp31 and PAP1. Biological function of adRP-associated splicing factor genes and molecular mechanisms by which mutations in these genes cause cell-type specific photoreceptor degeneration in humans remain to be elucidated. To investigate the in vivo function of these adRP-associated splicing factor genes, we examined Drosophila in which expression of fly Prp31 homolog was down-regulated. Sequence analyses show that CG6876 is the likely candidate of Drosophila melanogaster Prp31 homolog (DmPrp31). Predicted peptide sequence for CG6876 shows 57% similarity to the Homo sapiens Prp31 protein (HsPrp31). Reduction of the endogenous Prp31 by RNAi-mediated knockdown specifically in the eye leads to reduction of eye size or complete absence of eyes with remarkable features of photoreceptor degeneration and recapitulates the bimodal expressivity of human Prp31 mutations in adRP patients. Such transgenic DmPrp31RNAi flies provide a useful tool for identifying genetic modifiers or interacting genes for Prp31. Expression of the human Prp31 in these animals leads to a partial rescue of the eye phenotype. Our results indicate that the Drosophila CG6876 is the fly ortholog of mammalian Prp31 gene.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Animals, Genetically Modified ; Base Sequence ; DNA Primers ; genetics ; Drosophila Proteins ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; physiology ; Drosophila melanogaster ; genetics ; growth & development ; physiology ; Eye Abnormalities ; genetics ; Eye Proteins ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; physiology ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; Genes, Insect ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Pancreatitis-Associated Proteins ; Photoreceptor Cells, Invertebrate ; physiology ; RNA Interference ; RNA Splicing ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid

Objective To analyze the risk factors for renal function deterioration in patients with lupus nephritis. Methods Clinical data of patients with lupus nephritis admitted to the Third and the First Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College from June 2013 to June 2015 were reviewed and retrospectively analyzed. Of them ,62 lupus nephritis patients with the rapid deterioration of renal function were selected as an observation group ,and 62 patients were selected randomly from 200 lupus nephritis patients with normal renal function and were considered as a control group.Risk factors for the rapid deterioration of renal function in patients with lupus nephritis were analyzed by univariate analysis. Furthermore ,multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent risk factors for the rapid deterioration of renal function in patients with lupus nephritis. Results Univariate analysis revealed that infection , lupus activity , anemia , hypoproteinemia and hypertriglyceridemia were risk factors for the rapid deterioration of renal function in patients with lupus nephritis (P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that infection ,lupus activity and hypoproteinemia were the independent risk factors for the rapid deterioration of renal function in patients with lupus nephritis(OR=3.109 ,3.669 and 2.691 ,P=0.003 ,0.004 and 0.033 , respectively ). Conclusions Infection ,lupus activity and hypoproteinemia are the independent risk factors for the rapid deterioration of renal function in patients with lupus nephritis. Early prevention and intervention can improve clinical outcome and quality of life in lupus nephritis patients.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the distribution of pulmonary surfactant protein A (SP-A) like molecules and the bridge of frontier host defense and adaptive immune response cell of CD68 positive macrophages in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS: Surgical specimens derived from involved areas and normal area of the colon with Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) were obtained from Department of Pathology, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University Medical Center. The distribution of SP-A like molecule in intestine of IBD was detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: SP-A like molecule located in epithelia of intestine, the surface of intestine villi, blood vessels of connective tissue, and some inflammatory cells. The number of macrophages with both SP-A like molecule and CD68 positive was dramatically increased in the inflammatory area than the normal area. Some CD68 positive macrophages expressed SP-A like immunoreactivity by immunofluorescence double labeling. CONCLUSION SP-A is an important host defense molecule in lung, and SP-A expression in large intestine may reflect a close relation between 2 organs in immune response towards inflammation.
Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic ; metabolism ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; immunology ; metabolism ; Colon ; metabolism ; Crohn Disease ; immunology ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; immunology ; metabolism ; Macrophages ; immunology ; metabolism ; Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism