In this paper,the importance and the necessity of the continuing training of nursing ethics for clinical nurses were analyzed.Then,based on the needs and characteristics of current clinical nursing work in China,a preliminary study on the implementation of the continuing training was conducted in terms of the training objectives,process,content,form,and the evaluation approaches.

Objective To analyze abnormal characteristics of mitral valve (MV) caused by rheumatic and degenerative mitral valvedisease in virtue of the real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography(RT3DTEE) and quantitative analysis software.Methods Sixty patients underwent RT3DTEE study:21 patients with rheumatic valvular disease(RHD) studied intraoperatively(9 severe mitral stenosis,6 severe mitral regurgitation,6 severe mitral stenosis couple with regurgitation ) and 20 patients with normal MV who were used as controlsubjects(NS).TomTec-Arena 1.0-4D MV-Assessment 2.3 software was used to measure parameters of annular dimensions and geometry,[eafletsurface area and so on.Results Compared with NS,the diameter between anterior and posterior(AP) of RIID increased,however,the commissural width (CW)didn't change.Parameters of AP,CW,annulus circumference(AC) and annulus area(AA) of degenerative mitral valve disease(DMVD) increased obviously,the spherical index instead didn't change,the original "saddle" shapebecame flat.The impact on mitral valve leaflets is difference between RHD and DMVD.The anterior instead of posterior leaflet arena and length became larger of the group MS and MS&MI.However,the group of DMVD has increased leaflet area of anterior as well as posterior.Posterior leaflet angle is significantly increased in the group of MS&MI.The angle,between the DAP and plane of aortic valve annular (Angle AAo-AP),were magnified in both RHD and DMVD.From the automatic dynamic analysis,the parameters of annular displacement(max),annulus area fraction(2D)decreased considerably in RHD group.Conclusion RHD has relatively mild impact on annular of MV,but the lesions of mitral valve leaflet and chordae tendineae limit the movement of bicuspid valve an nular.The dilated and flattened annular of DMVD still has the "saddle" shape.

The purpose of this study is trying to analysis the homology between four lentogenic Class I genotype 3 Newcastle disease virus isolates from different hosts with NDV strain NDV 08-004, which was the first obtained complete genome sequence virus of class I genotype 3. The full-length genome of NDV isolates, JS/3/09/Ch, ZJ/3/10/Ch, AH/2/10/Du and JS/9/08/Go,were determined by RT-PCR and then an alyzed. All the genomes are 15 198 nucleotides (nt) in length. Compared with the full genome sequences of Class II NDV stains (genotype IV-IX),four isolates has a 6-nt deletion in the non-coding region of nuclear phosphoprotein gene between nucleotides 1 640-1 641 and 12-nt insertion in the coding region of phospho protein gene between nucleotides 2 381-2 382. All the isolates have the motifs 112EQ/RQE/GRL117 at the cleavage site of the fusion protein, which is typical of lenogenic NDV strains, and it is in agreement with the result of pathogenic tests. The full-length genome of 4 genotype 3 NDV isolates shared 93% nucleotide identity with NDV08-004. The results of alignment of 6 viral genes showed that NP gene shared the highest identity (98.3%-96.4%) and P gene shared the lowest identity (96.1%-91.9%). The results show the following two points. First, it is concluded that the isolates from different hosts share the same genotype has the insignificant divergence in the genetic information. Second, it is proposed that the mutation rates of NP/F/L genes are lower than P/M/HN genes.
Animals ; Genome, Viral ; genetics ; Genomics ; Genotype ; Host Specificity ; genetics ; Newcastle disease virus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Phylogeny