Objective To compare the clinical and MRI characteristics of pituitary macroadenoma between male and female patients. Methods Two hundred and thirty patients with pathologically diagnosed pituitary macroadenomas (104 mlaes and 126 females) were divided into two groups according to different gender. Patient age, the ratio of intratumoral hemorrhage and cavernous sinus invasion, and tumor volume were calculated in each group and compared between the two groups. The constitution of different pathological types was also compared. Results The age, ratio of intratumoral hemorrhage and cavernous sinus invasion, and tumor volume was (44.8±13.2) years old, 21.15% (22/104), 50.00% (52/104), and 6100.48 (mm3, median) in the male group and (44.8±11.9) years old, 28.57% (36/126), 48.41% (61/126) and 5037.05 (mm3, median) in the female group, respectiveluy. There was no statistical difference between the two groups regarding to patient age, the ratio of intratumoral hemorrhage and cavernous sinus invasion, tumor volume, and constitution of pathological types (P=0.972, P=0.197, P=0.811, P=0.189, P=0.093, respectively). Conclusion Pituitary macroadenomas show no gender preference in clinical and MRI characteristics.

Objective:To investigate the functional imaging parameters that effectively distinguish isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) gene mutation status in clinical practice with long echo time (TE) point-resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) MRS.Methods:Totally 25 patients with suspected diagnosis of low grade gliomas(LGGs; Grade II) were recruited prospectively and divided into IDH mutation group and IDH wild group according to pathological results in the study. All patients were scanned with long TE PRESS MRS. In addition, IDH mutational status was determined by post-operation Sanger sequencing. The t test or Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze the differences of 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG), Glutamate (Glu), Glutamine (Gln) and 2HG/Glu+Gln between the IDH mutation group and the IDH wild group, then ROC curve was plotted with statistically significant indexes to obtain the efficacy of predicting IDH mutation status. Results:Of the 25 patients, 19 had IDH mutant gliomas and 6 had IDH wild-type gliomas. 2HG, Glu, Gln and 2HG/Glu+Gln in IDH mutated group were 1.42 (1.09, 1.93)mmol/L, (1.74±1.31)mmol/L, (1.68±0.66)mmol/L, 0.55 (0.28, 0.77), respectively; while the corresponding values were 0.00 (0.00, 1.30)mmol/L, (3.28±1.02)mmol/L, (2.55±1.47)mmol/L, 0.00 (0.00, 0.26) in IDH gene wild type group, respectively. The differences of 2HG, Glu, and 2HG/Glu+Gln between the two groups were statistically significant ( P values were 0.030, 0.016, 0.004, respectively). The area under the ROC curve of 2HG/Glu+Gln was the largest (0.877), and the sensitivity was the highest (84.2%). Conclusion:The integration of 2HG with Glu and Gln can effectively realize the noninvasive assessment of IDH mutation status.

Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a systemic infectious disease. The incidence and mortality of BSI caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) remain high, which brought severe challenges into clinical anti-infection treatment and enormous economic burdens for the patients. This article reviews the current research progress on risk factors of BSI caused by CRKP, hoping to provide reference for the early diagnosis and treatment of this disease.