Objective To investigate the risk factors for gastrointestinal polyps.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed.The patients who undergone gastrointestinal endoscopy and diagnosis gastric polyps were selected who hospitaled in the Navy General Hospital from January 2012 to January 2014 and divided into cases group(patients with gastric polyps and colonic polyps) and control group (patients with gastric polyps).The information was recorded.Results The case of over 60 years of age distribution in case group was significantly higher than the control group.Single factor analysis showed that the indices including age,HP infection,smoking,drinking,high cholesterol and hypertension were significantly different from that of control group (x2 =11.538,9.350,4.190,5.103,8.992,4.038;P ＜ 0.05) after adjusting the interactions of the factors.Multi factor Logistic analysis showed that the risk of gastrointestinal polyps was significantly related with sex,age over 60 years old,HP infection,diabetes,smoking,drinking and hyperlipoidemia(P＜0.05),and the OR value from small to large were age,HP infection,alcohol drinking,hyperlipidemia,smoking,diabetes and gender.Conclusion The female gastric polyp patients who were over 60 years old,HP infection positive,diabetes,hyperlipidemia,smoking,drinking are more likely to suffer from intestinal polyps,and they were suggested to perform colonoscopy.Among them,women with HP positive infection and the age over 60 are high risk population.If they complicated with hyperlipidemia,they should had a screening for colorectal carcinoma in situ.

0.05) on 15 day. There was a significant difference (P

Objective To investigate the influence of pure intercostal nerve block combined with hydromorphone hydrochlo-ride intravenous analgesia on the occurrence of postoperative cognitive function and analgesia in elder patients with thoracic surger-y.Methods Ninety-six ASA I?Ⅱ elder patients with elective thoracic operation were divided into intercostal nerve block group (A),intercostal nerve block combined with hydromorphone hydrochloride intravenous analgesia group (B)and hydromorphone hydrochloride intravenous analgesia group(C)according to the random number table method,32 cases in each group.The patient-controlled intravenous analgesia(PCIA)with sufentanyl was postoperatively performed in all cases.When analgesia effect was poor, dezocine 0.1mg/kg was intravenously injected.The mean artery pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),respiratory rate(RR),visual ana-logue scale (VAS)score and mini mental state examination (MMSE)score were recorded at postoperative 2,6,24,48 h in 3 groups.Results The MMSE score in the group B was higher than that in the group A and C,the VAS score was lower than that in the group A and C,the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).Postoperative MAP and HR in the group B were more sta-ble than those in the group A and C,the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).RR in the group C was more fast and had smaller range than those in the group A and B,the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).Conclusion Intercostal nerve block combined with hydromorphone hydrochloride intravenous analgesia can achieve better postoperative analgesic effect with sta-ble postoperative blood dynamics and low occurrence rate of early postoperative cognitive dysfunction.

Objective To investigate the incidence and influencing factors for sharp injuries occurred in workers in central sterile supply departments (CSSDs).Methods In October-November 2012,a multicenter cross-sectional survey was conducted,a total of 95 workers in CSSDs of 16 hospitals in Hunan Province were surveyed through questionnaires.Results A total of 89 workers (93.68%)in CSSDs sustained sharp injuries,46 (48.42%)of whom sustained 1 -5 times of sharp injuries,22(23.16%)sustained 6-10 times of sharp injuries,and 11 (11 .58%)sus-tained for at least 10 times of sharp injuries.81 workers (85.26%)sustained at least one time of sharp injuries one year before survey,52 (54.73%)of whom were injured by contaminated needles or other sharps.Logistic regression analysis revealed that higher educational background was protective factor for sharp injuries(OR 90%CI :0.05-0.87);while poor sleep quality(OR 90%CI :1 .03-17.94),frequent touching sharps(OR 90%CI :1 .11 -12.15),and irrational placing of objects by the other medical stuff (surgeons and nurses in operating rooms)(OR 90%CI :1 .23-16.98)were the risk factors for sharp injuries.Conclusion The incidence of sharp injuries among workers in CSSDs is high,which is related to personal factors and environmental factors.It is suggested to strengthen staff training to enhance their awareness of precaution.

Objective To investigate the influence of preemptive analgesia with Hydr- omorphone Hy-drochloride on postoperative cognitive function and inflammation cytokines in the elderly patients. Methods Ninety ASA I orⅡ elder patients were randomly divided in control group (C)and Hydromorphone Hydrochloride group(H) with 45 cases each. Hydromorphone Hydrochloride 2 mg was injected iv before induction of anesthesia in group H. Observed plasma concentrations of the CRP、 TNF-α and IL-6 at different time. Cognitive function was assessed by minimental state examination. Results Plasma the CRP、 TNF-a and IL-6 concentrations were lower and MMSE scales were higher in group H than in group C. Conclusion Preemptive analgesia with Hy-dromorphone Hydrochloride 2 mg can reduce the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in the elderly patients.

Objective To investigate the effects of preemptive analgesia with nalbuphine on inflammatory factors in elderly patients undergoing thoracotomy. Methods Eighty elderly patients with ASA I or Ⅱ undergoing thoracotomy were randomly allocated into control group (group C:n=40) and Nalbuphine group (group N:n=40). Each patient received 20 mg of Nalbuphine intravenously before induction of anesthesia in group N and same volume of normal saline in group C. Plasma levels of IL-10, TNF-α and IL-6 were measured at different time points. The VAS was recorded and the MAP, HR, SpO2 and PaCO2 were monitored. Results Compared with group C, the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were lower, while IL-10 was higher at T2, T3, T4 in group N(P < 0.05). The VAS, MAP, HR and PaCO2 in group N were lower than those in group C at T2, T3 and T4 (P < 0.05). Conclusion Preemptive analgesia with Nalbuphine can improve the efficacy of postoperative analgesia and effectively reduce inflammatory reaction in the old patients undergoing thoracotomy.

Objective: To use vertical and humidity correcting method to calibrate aerosol optical depth (AOD), and to explore the feasibility of calibrated-AOD as exposure index to measure the level of air pollutants from the ground and to establish the exposure-response relationship between calibrated-AOD and people's health outcomes.Methods: First of all, we interpolated AOD, PM2.5, relative humidity and planetary boundary layer height using Kriging method to obtain data at different locations and matched different data with respiratory death in Beijing by geographical coordinates.Then, the planetary boundary layer height and aerosol hygroscopic growth factor calculated based on relative humidity was used to calbrate the AOD.To compare the effects of calibrated-AOD and PM2.5, we used standardization method to get non dimensionless calibrated-AOD and PM2.5.At last, we used the generalized additive mixed model (GAMM) to estimate the acute effects of calibrated-AOD and PM2.5 on respiratory death and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) death, after controlling the time trend, temperature and humidity effects, days of the week effect and holiday effects.Results: The correlation coefficient between calibrated-AOD and PM2.5 was 0.72.The effects of calibrated-AOD on respiratory death and COPD death was the strongest at lag 0-3, one unit of calibrated-AOD increases was associated with 3.64% (95%CI: 0.58%-6.78%) increase of respiratory death and 4.92% (95%CI: 1.81%-8.14%) increase of COPD death.As for PM2.5, the strongest effects appeared at lag 0-1, one unit of PM2.5 (about 155 μg/m3) increases was associated with excess risks of 3.96% (95%CI: 0.82%-7.19%) and 6.12% (95%CI: 1.44%-11.02%) for respiratory death and COPD death respectively.Compared with PM2.5, the effects of calibrated-AOD on respiratory death and COPD death had narrower confidence intervals.The calibrated-AOD was sensitive to capture the lag effects, and the cumulative lag effects of calibrated-AOD were all significant on multiple lag days which indicated that the calibrated-AOD was sensitive to capture cumulative lag effects of air pollutants on respiratory death and COPD death as well.Conclusion: We believe that calibrated-AOD can be used as an index to reflect the effects of air pollutants on respiratory death in Beijing.In the absence of ground monitoring, calibrated-AOD can be used to mea-sure the relationship between air pollutants and some health outcomes.

Objective:Hyperoxia is a necessary therapy in some neonatal diseases, and long-term therapeutic hyperoxia may induce severe damaging effects on intestinal epithelial cells.The aim of this study was to investigate whether hyperoxia could promote the expression of ASK1 and P38 in intestinal epithelial cells through ROS.Methods:The human colon adenocarcinoma cell line Caco-2 cells were treated with different concentrations of H 2O 2(100 μmol/L, 200 μmol/L and 400 μmol/L)and 85% oxygen in vitro.The expression of ASK1 was detected by immunofluorescence, and the expression of P38 and p-P38 were detected by Western Blot and Real-time PCR. Results:With the increase of H 2O 2 concentration, the fluorescence intensity of ASK1 increased.The fluorescence intensity of ASK1 in the hyperoxia group was significantly stronger than that of the control group and the H 2O 2 groups.With the increase of H 2O 2 concentration(100 μmol/L、200 μmol/L、400 μmol/L), the expression of P38 protein(0.21±0.02, 0.28±0.13, 0.44±0.07)and p-P38 protein(0.09±0.02, 0.19±0.03, 0.37±0.07)gradually increased.The expression of P38 mRNA in 200 μmol/L and 400 μmol/L H 2O 2 groups(4.03±0.68、3.94±0.71)was significantly higher than that in 100 μmol/L H 2O 2 group(3.05±0.47)( P<0.01). The expressions of P38 protein, p-P38 protein and P38 mRNA in the hyperoxia group were significantly higher than those in the H 2O 2 group( P<0.01). Compared with the control group, the expressions of P38 protein, p-P38 protein and p38 mRNA in the hyperoxia group and H 2O 2 groups increased significantly( P<0.01). Conclusion:The expression of ASK1 and P38 in intestinal epithelial cells increased significantly under hyperoxia, which indicated that hyperoxia might activate ASK1 and thereby regulate the expression of downstream P38 through ROS, resulting in intestinal epithelial cells damage.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of aspirin in preventing peripherally inserted central venous catheter (PICC) -related thrombosis. Methods Totally 360 cancer patients who had undergone routine PICC placement were equally randomized into aspirin group (receiving conventional PICC maintenance plus oral administration of aspirin; 100 mg/d, for consecutively 21 days) and control group (conventional PICC catheter maintenance). The incidences of phlebitis and thrombosis were observed in both two groups. Results The incidences of phlebitis and thrombosis were 3.3% and 0 in aspirin group, which were significantly lower than those in control group (8.9% , P = 0. 025; 1.7% , P = 0. 025). Conclusion The oral administration of aspirin after the PICC placement can reduce PICC-related thrombosis and phlebitis.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the method for the determination of tigecycline (TGC) in human plasma. METHODS:After precipitated by acetonitrile,the plasma sample was determined by LC-MS/MS. Using d9-TGC as internal standard,Kromasil C18 column was used with mobile phase consisted of water (containing 0.05% TFA)-acetonitrile (gradient elution) at flow rate of 0.6 ml/min,column temperature of 40 ℃. The ion transitions were performed under ESI positive MRM model at m/z 586.3→513.2 and m/z 595.3→514.3 for TGC and internal standard,respectively. RESULTS:The linear range of TGC was 25-2 000 ng/ml (r=0.999 8),and lowest quantification limit was 25 ng/ml;intra-day and inter-day RSD was 3.15%-7.23%,and relative error was-4.53%-10.48%. Plasma sample kept stable after 3 times of freezing and thawing cycle,at room temperature for 24 h,in automat-ic sample injector for 24 h and freezing for 42 d (RSD<15%). Plasma concentration of TGC was 0-438.0 ng/ml in one patient with pan-drug resistant bacteria infection(0-12 h after administration). CONCLUSIONS:The developed method is accurate,sensi-tive and specific,and can be used for plasma concentration determination of TGC and pharmacokinetic study.