Objective To reflect the spatial distribution of brucellosis among 7 counties in Qinghai Province from 2011 to 2013 with Geographic Information System (GIS) map.Method Epidemiological situations were overlay analyzed in infectious rate and prevalence rate with QHEndemic-GIS and SPSS 17.0 by statistics and mapping.Results Brucellosis was detected in 7 counties through the spatial distribution map.The infectious rate and prevalence rate of brucellosis were showing a phenomenon of high and low alternation in 3 years;meanwhile the prevalence in Gonghe County showed an obviously upward trend with the rates of 0.50％ (1/201),1.50％ (3/200),and 3.73％ (9/241),respectively.Conclusions GIS could reflect the state of brucellosis infection directly and correctly.Prevalence of brucellosis in the 7 counties has showed a sporadic phenomenon,and the prevalence of brucellosis has covered a wide region and many populations are at risk of this disease.The prevalence has showed an up-ward trend in these regions,which provides a scientific basis for prevention and control of brucellosis in these key regions.

This study investigated the growth-regulating effects of progesterone (Prog) on nPR-negative malignant melanoma cells and the possible mechanisms. A375 and A875 cells were cultured and treated with Prog of different concentrations. For signal transduction pathway studies, the cells were pretreated with Prog receptor antagonist (RU486, 1x10(-7) mol/L) or MAPK inhibitor (U0126, 5x10(-6) mol/L) for 1 h and then co-incubated with prog (10(-9) mol/L) for another 24 h. Indirect immunofluorescence assay, MTT, flow cytometry and Western blotting were used for assessing the nPR expression, cell growth, cell apoptosis and ERK1/2 Phosphorylation, respectively. Our results showed that lower progesterone concentration promoted the proliferation of both A375 and A875 cells, but this growth-stimulatory effect decreased at progesterone concentration of 1x10(-7) mol/L or higher. The response could be abolished by MAPK inhibitor U0126, but could not be blocked by progesterone antagonist RU486. Flow cytometry exhibited that high concentration ([Symbol: see text]1 x 10(-7) mol/L) progesterone increased the apoptosis of the two cells in a dose-dependent manner. The level of ERK1/2 phosphorylation was increased by a lower progesterone concentration, but reduced by a higher concentration (1x10(-6) mol/L). These results suggest progesterone exerts growth-regulating effects on nPR-negative tumor cells through a non-genomic mechanism.

Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of human brucellosis in Qinghai Province,in order to provide a theoretical basis for prevention and treatment of the disease.Methods Xining city,Ping'an,Haiyan,Tianjun,Jiuzhi,Henan and Dari Counties were selected as monitoring counties(city) in Qinghai Province,and three or four townships(towns) were selected as monitoring points in each county.People aged from 6 to 60 closely contacted with livestock were monitored.The methods of rose bengal plate agglutination test(RBPT) and standard tube agglutination test(SAT) were used for serological testing.Results A total of 4 331 people from 6 counties and 1 city were examined for brucellosis,and 225 people (by RBPT) of them were serologically confirmed with a positive rate of 5.19％.SAT positive 63 people,the average positive rate was 1.45％.Two hundred and twenty-five people were infected and the average infection rate was 5.19％.Fifty-six new cases were discovered.Conclusion Human brucellosis has increased in Qinghai Province,effective prevention and cure should be adopted to prevent its outbreak.

Objective To evaluate the suitability of preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) positivity as a pre?dictor of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy (RP). Methods Data of 115 diagnosed prostate cancer patients with RP from 2006 to 2013 were collected retrospectively. According to MRI results, patients were divided into MRI positive group (n=87) and MRI negative group (n=28). The preoperative clinical data were compared between two groups. Biochemi?cal recurrence was defined as increase or persistence of serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels>0.2μg/L after surgery. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to analyze the risk factors associated with biochemical recurrence. Re?sults The survival time was shorter in MRI positive group than that of MRI negative group. The preoperative PSA level was higher in MRI positive group than that of MRI negative group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the age of pa?tients between two groups. In MRI positive group, the proportion of preoperative PSA>20μg/L , the proportion of patients at clinical stage T3, the proportion of patients with pathological Gleason score≥8, the proportion of patients with seminal vesi?cle invasion (SVI) and the proportion of patients with endocrine therapy were higher than those of negative group ( P<0.05). The univariate analysis showed that preoperative MRI positivity, PSA level, biopsy Gleason score, clinical stage, pathological Gleason score, SVI level and lymph node invasion (LNM) were associated with biochemical recurrence (P<0.05).However, the multivariate analysis showed that only preoperative MRI positivity, biopsy Gleason score and clinical stage were indepen?dent prognostic factors (P<0.05). Conclusion Preoperative MRI positivity can predict biochemical recurrence after RP successfully, and improve the prognosis of patients.

Objective:To analyze the causes and epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of brucellosis in Haidong City Qinghai Province, and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of brucellosis.Methods:Using the retrospective research method, the epidemic data on brucellosis, field case investigations, serological test results in Haidong City, Qinghai Province in 2019 were collected from the "China Disease Prevention and Control Information System", and the above data were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological analysis.Results:There were 3 confirmed brucellosis patients, who were breeders of the farm; 1 case of latent infection was found in key population, who was villager from the same village as the confirmed patients; 4 people had a history of close contact with infected sheep. A total of 110 sheep serum and 7 bovine serum samples were collected in the animal breeding area, of which 26 were positive, all were sheep serum; 568 sheep serum and 17 bovine serum samples in the same village were negative.Conclusions:The key occupational groups contacted with infected sheep without protection is the main cause of this epidemic. Health education on brucellosis prevention and control should be vigorously carried out to improve the awareness of the people to prevent the disease; the monitoring of animal brucellosis by relevant departments should be strengthened to effectively control the spread of animal brucellosis, and prevent the occurrence of human brucellosis.

Objective:Combined with the actual work requirements of brucellosis in Qinghai Province, to design a management information system for brucellosis patients, in order to realize the information of diagnosis and treatment of brucellosis patients.Methods:Based on the theory of management information system, according to the functional requirements of the actual work and performance parameters, the general framework of management information system was designed, the establishment of the management information system was gradually completed, and the system was improved through the system testing.Results:The system was easy to use and easy to operate, and patient's detailed information, diagnosis and treatment results and treatment plan could be obtained quickly. At the same time, follow-up, trace investigation, and brucellosis prevention and treatment propaganda could be carried out.Conclusions:The established brucellosis management information system can realize the electronic management of patient information, master the disease development and diagnosis and treatment results of brucellosis patients. Through follow-up investigation, the system can increase active screening and early warning of suspected cases, and provide health education to realize early diagnosis and early treatment of the patients.

AIM: To investigate the role of G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1 ( GPBR1; also known as TGR5) activation in high glucose-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and calcineurin (CaN)/nuclear factor of activated T-cells 3 (NFAT3) signaling.METHODS:Primarily cultured mouse cardiomyocytes were used in the study .The cell surface areas of the cardiomyocytes were measured by an image analysis system .The cell protein content was detected by BCA meth-od.The expression of TGR5, CaN and NFAT3 at mRNA and protein levels was determined by RT-PCR and Western blot . RESULTS:The mouse cardiomyocytes were successfully cultured .High glucose significantly induced the increases in the cell surface area, the cell protein content and the expression of CaN and NFAT 3 (P<0.05) in the cardiomyocytes.TGR5 activation or a CaN antagonist cyclosporin A inhibited high glucose-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and the expression of CaN and NFAT3 (P<0.05).These effects of TGR5 activation were abolished by TGR5 gene interference (P<0.05). CONCLUSION:TGR5 activation reduces high glucose-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by inhibiting CaN /NFAT3 sig-naling.

Objective To study the association between house dust endotoxin levels and the airway responsiveness as well as allergen sensitization in adolescence in the urban and rural areas of Guangdong province.Methods Middle school students,aged 13-14,188 (male 109,female 79) from Guangzhou,129(male 70,female 59) from Conghua with positive responses,and 231 (male 125,female 106) and 307(male 145,female 162) of their respective reference students are selected from questionnaire prescreening.A detailed questionnaire,the lung function test,histamine bronchial provocation test,skin prick test and peripheral blood eosinophil count are undertaken.Seventy-six students from Guangzhou and 80 from Conghua were selected randomly for mattress dust sample collection to detect the levels of endotoxin.Results The prevalence of wheeze symptom,diagnosed asthma,nasal symptoms and allergic rhinitis of Guangzhou was significantly higher than that of Conghua (P＜0.0001),with 28.6％,27.7％,66.0％,46.4％ for Guangzhou respectively,and 5.0％,2.5％,31.0％,6.2％ for Conghua respectively.The positive rates of bronchial provocation test and skin sensitization against Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus(Der.p),D.farinae (Der.f),cat and dog allergen in the students of Guangzhou were significantly higher than that of Conghua (P＜0.0001).The positive rate of cockroach of Conghua was significantly higher than that of Guangzhou (P＜0.0001).The levels of endotoxin (amount,concentration and load) of samples from Conghua were significantly higher than that from Guangzhou (Conghua:6452 EU,10.95 EU/mg,1794 EU/m2 ;Guangzhou:1591 EU,6.45 EU/mg,508.80 EU/m2,respectively).PD20-FEV1 was correlated positively with endotoxin amount(r=0.174,P＜0.05).The diameters of the skin wheal size for Der.p and Der.f were correlated inversely with endotoxin amount and load (P＜0.001).Conclusion The prevalence of wheeze symptom,diagnosed asthma,nasal symptoms and allergic rhinitis in 13-14 year-old adolescent of Guangzhou was significantly higher than that of Conghua.Cockroach was the second major allergen of Conghua followed by house dust mite.The level of endotoxin was correlated positively with PD20-FEV1,but correlated inversely with skin sensitization to Def.p and Der.f.The study suggests that environmental endotoxin may have effect to protect children from developing allergic diseases.

AIM To study the influence of Huangqi Powder (Puerariae lobatae Radix,Astragali Radix,Mori Cortex) on femur and tibia in rats with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP).METHODS Thirty one-month-old male SD rats were divided into three groups by randomized block design,which were control group (normal saline),prednisone group (3.5 mg/kg prednisone acetate),Huangqi Powder group (clinical adult dosage).Experimental test was maintained for one hundred and twenty days.Double fluorochrome labeling with calcein was performed before necropsy;bone resorption and bone formation index were determined by using blood serum;the femur structural and material mechanics were analyzed by using bone biomechanics method.The cancellous bone of proximal tibial and the cortical bone of tibial shaft static parameter and dynamic parameter were analyzed by bone histomorphometry method.RESULTS Huangqi Powder had no obvious improving effects on bone biomechanics and bone static parameter,but could increas the area,width and number of the proximal tibia bone trabecular.Mark perimeter percentage and mineralization rate of deposition could be increased.CONCLUSION Huangqi Powder can significantly increase proximal tibia cancellous bone mass and enhance bone trabecula structure of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis rats.

Objective By summing up monitoring data of human brucellosis in Qinghai Province from 2000 to 2012, to evaluate epidemiological dynamics and analyze prevalence trend. Method Monitoring data of human brucellosis in Qinghai Province from 2000 to 2012 were collected, epidemiological characteristics including prevalence condition, area and population distribution were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology method. Results Totally 38 578 persons were examined from 2000 to 2012. The number of persons infected with brucellosis was 1 209, the infection rate was 3.34%;the number of patients diagnosed with human brucellosis was 344, the prevalence rate was 0.89%. New cases had occurred since 2006, and there were 158 new cases diagnosed with brucellosis. The prevalence rates in cities and areas of agriculture and pasture were 2.93%(78/2 663), 1.18%(33/2 806) and 0.70%(233/33 109), respectively. The ages of developing brucellosis ranged from 10 to 72 years old. The prevalence rates of biological pharmaceutical producers and the herdsman were [18.13%(196/1 081)] and [6.13%(353/5 763)], respectively. The prevalence rate of human brucellosis in Han nation was the highest [4.61%(467/10 140)], followed by Tibet [3.60%(443/12 318)], Mongolia [2.53%(211/8 342)], Tu [2.22%(110/4 953)] and Hui [2.09%(59/2 825)], and the differences were statistically significant (χ2 = 102.493, P < 0.01). Conclusion The prevalence state of human brucellosis in Qinghai Province is in a increasing trend, and new cases are increasing.