Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of rubella in Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province from 2015 to 2023, so as to provide the basis for rubella prevention and control. Methods: Data of rubella surveillance cases and laboratory tests were collected through the Chinese Measles Surveillance Information Report Management System. The temporal, regional and demographic distribution of confirmed rubella cases were analyzed using the descriptive epidemiological method. Results: A total of 2 167 rubella surveillance cases were reported in Wuxi City from 2015 to 2023, including 154 confirmed rubella cases, with an average annual reported incidence of 0.25/105. All the confirmed cases were laboratory-confirmed, and the positive rate of laboratory testing was 7.11%. The main clinical symptoms were rash (96.75%) and fever (86.36%). The incidence of rubella peaked in 2015 and 2019, with sporadic cases in other years. Rubella incidence exhibited a distinct seasonal pattern, and the prevalent months were from February to May. Xishan District and Huishan District had the higher reported incidences, at 0.44/105 and 0.42/105, respectively. There were 101 male confirmed rubella cases and 53 female cases, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.91∶1. The incidence was higher in males than in females (0.32/105 vs. 0.18/105, P<0.05). The majority of cases were aged 19 to <46 years, with 112 cases accounting for 72.73%. There were 43 workers (27.92%) and 27 housekeepers and unemployed individuals (17.53%). The rubella containing vaccine immunization rate among the confirmed rubella cases was 12.99%, which was lower than the 36.20% among the cases excluding measles and rubella (P<0.05). The majority of the individuals aged 19 years and above had unknown immunization histories. Conclusions The reported incidence of rubella in Wuxi City remained low from 2015 to 2023. The disease was prevalent in winter and spring, and the cases mainly distributed in Xishan District and Huishan District. Individuals aged 19 to <46 years, males and workers were key populations for prevention and control.

OBJECTIVE:To study the chemical constituents of Zingiberis Rhizoma.METHODS:The compounds of Zingiberis Rhizoma were classified and purified by silica gel,Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and thin layer chromatography (TLC).The structure of compounds were analyzed and identified according to chemical property and spectrum data.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:Five compounds were isolated from Zingiberis Rhizoma,i.e.methyl-6-gingerol (1),4-gingerol (2),β-eudesmol (3),2,5-dihydroxybisabola-3,10-diene (4),6-shogaol (5).The compounds 2,3,4 are isolated from Zingiberis Rhizoma for the first time.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of the patients with schizophrenia to make troubles and accidents likely ,to provide scientific evidence for preventing and controlling these patients to make troubles and accidents effectively .Methods 100 patients with schizophrenia to make troubles and accidents likely were randomly extracted and assigned to the study group from psychiatric department of this hospital .100 ordinary patients were divided into control group .Their data on illness were sur-veyed and analyzed retrospectively .The difference of the general condition and illness data along with mental symptoms between the both group were compared .Results The proportion of patients to be man peasant ,in rural area ,no a spouse and medical insurance , to have a lower degree of culture and to be 20 - 39 years old in the study group was significantly higher than those in the control group(P< 0 .05) .The social support and economic conditions of family in the study group were significantly poorer than those in the control group(P< 0 .05) .The proportion of patients to be paranoid schizophrenia ,to have a complications and the positive score of the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) in the study group were significant higher than those in the control group but the negative score of PANSS and the course of disease were significantly lower (P< 0 .05) .The proportion of patients to have posi-tive symptoms such as illusion and delusion in the study group were significantly higher than that in the control group (P< 0 .05) . But the proportion of patients to have negative symptoms such as avoid social and emotional dull in the study group were signifi -cantly lower than that in the control group(P< 0 .05) .Conclusion The positive symptoms contribute to making troubles and acci-dents in SP patients .The patients to be paranoid schizophrenia ,a man and peasant ,in prime of life ,in rural area ,no a spouse and to have a lower degree of culture maybe make troubles and accidents more likely .Having a poor social support and economic conditions of family and no medical insurance cause the probability of their making troubles and accidents increase .

ObjectiveTo investigate the role of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 2B (NR2B) antagonist CP-101.606 in behaviour and expression of related signal proteins in a rat model of levodopa-induced motor complications.MethodsThe hemi-parkinsonian rat model was produced by injecting stereotaxically 6-OHDA to right medial forebrain bundle.Then,rats were intraperitoneally treated with levodopa (50 mg/kg with benserazide 12.5 mg/kg,twice daily) for 22 days.On 23th day,rats received CP-101.606 before levodopa administration.Rotational duration was estimated.After sacrificed,phosphorylated NR2B and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅱ (CaMKⅡ) and glutamate receptor 1 ( GluR1S831 ) were observed by western blot.ResultsThe results showed that NR2B antagonist CP-101.606 reversed the levodopa-induced shortened rotational duration.Chronic levodopa treatment increased abundance of the phosphorylated NR2B and downstream related signal proteins CaMKⅡ and GluR1S831 to (145.3±6.5)％ and (132.5±5.7)％ and (105.6±6.3)％,respectively.Moreover,CP-101.606 could reduce hyperphosphorylation of NR2B and CaMKⅡ and GluR1 S831 to (102 ± 4.9 )％,(98.4±3.9)％ and (49.5 ± 4.2 )％,respectively.ConclusionsThese results indicate that the enhancement of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor function mediated by NR2B phosphorylation contribute to development of motor complications,through a mechanism that involved the downstream signal mediators of NMDA receptor overactivation.Pharmaceuticals which act to inhibit NR2B may be useful in the treatment of the motor complications in parkinsonian patients.

The artificial 5-helix can inhibit the formation of trimer-of-hairpins structure during the course of HIV-directed membrane fusion and then inhibit human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infecting target cells. But 5-helix was apt to form inclusion body when expressed directly in prokaryotic cell and was difficult to renature, which causes inconvenience to future study. We found a proper expression vector by simulating protein structure. We simulated its proper conformation in two vectors pGEX-6P-1 and pET44b by homology modeling. The contrast of conformations showed that the energy of salvation of its fusion protein with NusA in vector pET44b was higher than its fusion protein with glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in pGEX-6P-1 and its restriction site lay on the surface of its fusion protein in vector pET44b. 5-helix gene was amplified from pGEX-6P-1-5H by PCR, and was ligated to pET44b to construct recombinant vector pET44b-PSP-5Helix after tested correctly by enzymes digestion. The recombinant vector was transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) to express 5-helix protein at different temperatures. Aim protein was purified with Ni column and GST column, and was determined by SDS-PAGE. Then the purified 5 -Helix was used to test the inhibitive activity of pseudo HIV virus infecting GHOST-CXCR4. Results show that its fusion protein with NusA can be effectively soluble expressed and easier to be cleaved, and that the purified 5-helix can efficiently inhibit pseudo HIV virus infecting GHOST-CXCR4 and its IC50 value is (22.77 +/- 5.64) nmol/L, which lay the foundation to further discuss the application in HIV-1 infection.
Carrier Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; HIV Envelope Protein gp41 ; metabolism ; HIV-1 ; genetics ; Peptides ; genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; genetics ; Viral Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; Virus Internalization ; drug effects

Objective To explore the design of forehead flap pedicled with supratrochlear artery and shift way for aesthetic reconstruction of the nose without secondary operations for debulking.Methods Origin of blood supplies and the distributed situation of the vessel in the frontal region were studied through the internal carotid artery and the external carotid artery X-ray angiography.The frontal region existed polyphyletic blood supplies,the supratrochlear artery and the supraorbital artery set out many branches,respectively,in the level of frontal bone eyebrow plane.One constant,thicker horizontal branch from the superficial temporal artery obviously extended to the forehead median.The branches from three blood vessels mentioned above constituted the network of artery adequate in the muscle and the subcutaneous tissue level,assumed the three-dimensional distribution in the forchead region.The nasal reconstruction had been done for 9 patients with the oblique orientation designed forehead flap by using one side of supratrochlear artery as the pedicle and cutting skin paddle with the same or the opposite side of forehead flap.Results All flap survived completely with the restoration of nasal shape and functional satisfaction.Conclusion The forehead oblique orientation flap pedicled with one side supratrochlear artery is nourished by the rich blood supply.The flap can be split into two flaps:a myofascial flap and a skin flap in far part.Myofascial flap may be the good package of cartilage framework,and simultaneously split skin flap is favorable of the shape models.The flap may satisfy the demand of the nasal restoration.

Objective To obtain the matched parameters between image quality and radiation dose by exploring the influence of the exposure parameters of screening mammography on both the image quality and radiation dose.Methods The correlation between the exposure parameters and average glandular doses to 507 patients undergoing screening mammography were retrospectively analyzed.The influence of breast compression thickness on radiation dose by exposing different thickness of PMMA was obtained.The correlation with image quality was analyzed by combined testing of contrast detail test mode ( CDMAM3.4 )and different thickness of PMMAs.Results The groups aged 30 to 49 years were the main groups in 507examined patients,up to 67.06％ of the total.The mean value of average gland doses ( AGD ) in contrastprior mode was the highest in three kinds of exposure modes,accounting for 137.5％ of standard mode.In standard mode,target material/filtration board combination was Mo/Mo,Mo/Rh and Rh/Rh,accounting for 1/3 respectively.Mo/Rh and Rh/Rh were selected in dose-prior mode,accounting for 50％ respectively.Mo/Mo was mainly selected in contrast-prior,accounting for 52％.Breast compression thickness was positively correlated with average gland doses.Image quality figure inverse (IQFinv) under three kinds of modes (STD,DOSE,CNT) was 98.32,95.41 and 107.02,respectively,and IQFinv of contrast-prior mode was the highest among them.IQFinv was in general agreement in the three kinds of exposure modes when the thickness of PMMA plates plates was greater than or equal to 5 cm.Conclusions In clinical practice,when the breast is of density type and pressed thickness is less than 4 em,the dose-prior mode should be selected.When the pressed thickness is between 4 and 6 cm,the standard exposure mode should be selected.When the pressed thickness is larger than 6 cm,the manual mode should be selected.

Objective To observe the clinical effects of unilateral cleft lip repairmen via improved Millard technique. Methods 64 cases of patients with unilateral cleft lip were collected from July 2014 to June 2015. The traditional Millard technique was improved by moving traditional fixed point of columella nasi to close with the lateral nasal columella roots,and the moving range was adjusted according to the nasal columella deformity and nostril size. Meanwhile ,the nasal floor and the alar basal incisions were not designed. Instead ,fully free of affected side orbicularis oris muscles were applied to making apposition suture with the healthy side. Results It showed that anatomic form of the upper lip and the philtral column of patients ,whose unilateral cleft lips were repaired by the improved Millard technique,were normal,and both sides of the lip peak were basically symmetrical after 1 ~ 12 month(s)follow-up. Conclusions Compared with the traditional Millard technique,the improved technique could bring a better effect on appearance of the patients. And it will be one of the ideal repairing techniques for unilateral cleft lip.

Objective:To describe the application of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) augmentation of cement-injectable cannulated pedicle screws for the treatment of degenerative lumbar scoliosis with osteoporosis.Methods: Retrospective cohort study was used to compare cement injectable cannulated pedicle screws (CICPs) group with PMMA augmentation and control group with traditional method in the correction surgery for Lenke-silva level Ⅲ and level Ⅳ degenerative scoliosis cases with osteoporosis.Both groups were followed up for 1 year.The clinical results were assessed by visual analog scale (VAS) of pain on lumbar and lower limbers,Oswestry disability index (ODI) score and EuroQol-5 dimensions (EQ-5D) score.The coronal major curve Cobb angel in coronal plane and thoracic kyphosis Cobb angle,lumbar lordosis Cobb angle and sagittal vertical axis (SVA) in sagittal plane were tested in whole long spine X ray.The fusion rates were evaluated by lumbar X ray and dynamic X ray.Results: In this study 34 cases were enrolled,15 cases in CICPs group and 19 cases in control group.The general characteristics including age,gender,weight,height,BMI and BMD were without statistical difference between the two groups.There were (5.7±2.2)PMMA augmentation screws in CICPs group.The operation time,blood loss and blood transfusion were higher in CICPs group than in control group,but without statistical difference.Lumbar VAS,lower limbers VAS,ODI score and EQ-5D were all better in 1 month post-operation,6 months postoperation and 1 year postoperation than in preoperation in both groups.lumbar VAS scores of CICPs group in 6 months postoperation(CICPs group 3.1±1.3 vs.control group 4.4±1.4,P<0.01) together with lumbar VAS scores (CICPs group 3.3±1.0 vs.control group 5.2±1.4,P<0.01),ODI scores (CICPs group 22.7±17.2 vs.control group 31.4±18.5,P<0.01) and EQ-5D in 1 year postoperation (CICPs group 2.9±2.0 vs.control group 3.5±2.5,P<0.01)were lower than those of control group.The coronal major curve Cobb angels were all lower in 1 month postoperation,6 months postoperation and 1 year postoperation than in preoperation in both groups;thoracic kyphosis Cobb angle and lumbar lordosis Cobb angle were all higher in 1 month postoperation,6 months postoperation and 1 year postoperation than in preoperation in both groups.The coronal major curve Cobb angel was lower in CICPs group than that in control group in 1 year postoperation (CICPs group 17.6°±6.9° vs.control group 21.2°±7.2°,P<0.01)and thoracic kyphosis Cobb angle was higher in CICPs group than that in control group in 6 months postoperation (CICPs group-33.5°±8.8 °vs.control group-28.9°±8.3°,P<0.01)and 1 year postoperation(CICPs group-33.0°±8.1° vs.control group-26.3°±7.4°,P<0.01) together with lumbar lordosis Cobb angle were higher in CICPs group than that in control group in 1 year postoperation(CICPs group 26.4°±8.1° vs.control group 22.1°±7.3°,P<0.01).Conclusion: Polymethylmethacrylate augmentation of bone cement-injectable cannulated pedicle screws for the treatment of degenerative lumbar scoliosis with osteoporosis was effective and safe,the short-term clinical result was good.

Objective To explore the expression of PD-1 and CTLA-4 in osteosarcoma and their clinical significance. Methods Fifty-eight cases of osteosarcoma encountered from 2007 to 2016 were enrolled. The expression levels of PD-1 and CTLA-4 were detected through immunohistochemistry (EnVision method). Results PD-1 was positively expressed in 31 (53.4%) cases and negatively expressed in 27 (46.6%) cases. CTLA-4 was positively expressed in 19 (32.8%) cases and negatively expressed in 39 (67.2%) cases. A total of 12 (20.7%) cases were PD-1 and CTLA-4 double positive, whereas 20 (34.5%) cases were double negative, and 26 (44.8%) cases were single positive. The positive expression of PD-1 was correlated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, tumor metastasis and relapse, and shortened survival time (P < 0.05). The positive expression of CTLA-4 was partly related with late Ennecking stage (P=0.051). Double positive expression was related to the highest tumor metastasis and relapse rates and the worst prognosis (P < 0.05), compared with double negative and single positive expression. Conclusion Positive expression of PD-1 and CTLA-4 in osteosarcoma is associated with worse prognosis, whereas double positive expression is associated with the highest tumor relapse and metastasis rates and shortest survival time. These results are potential valuable references for osteosarcoma immunotherapy.