Objective To investigate the role of Jiawei-sini Dection on expression of rat transforming growth factor-β1 receptor Ⅰ,Ⅱ(TβRⅠ,TβR Ⅱ), and study its treatment of anti-HF and the possible mechanisms. Methods The model of rat hepatic fibrosis was setup by subcutaneous injection of carbon tetrachloride and drinking alcohol freely;According to random block method, the successful model rats were divided into three groups:pathological model group (group B),Fufangbiejiarangan tablet group (group C), and Jiawei Sini Decoction group (group D), each group containing ten rats. Group A and group B were given two milliliters saline, group C was given Fufangbiejiarangan tablets 0.625 grams per kilogram of body weight, group D was given Jiawei Sini liquid 15.625 grams per kilogram of body weight.Each rat was fed once a day for 8 weeks.In order to avoid the natural repair of the hepatic affecting the experimental results, the rats,except group A, were still injected 40% CCl4 three milliliters per kilogram of body weight after feeding drug once a week. Fufang-Biejia-Ruangan Ttablet group was set as a positive control;The effects on expression of TβRⅠ,TβR Ⅱ were determined by immunohistochemical method. Changes of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and TβRⅠ,TβR Ⅱ were observed in rats. Results The expression of TβRⅠ、Ⅱ, compared with the pathological model(16.63±2.69)%, (14.57±1.09)%, were significantly reduced in Jiawei-Sini Dection group[they are(8.09±0.71)%,(6.51±0.48)%, the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The effects of Jiawei-Sini Dection was equal to the effect of Fufang-Biejia-Ruangan Tablets on expression of TβRⅠ,TβR Ⅱ(P＞0.05). Conclusion Jiawei-Sini Dection was able to inhibit the expression of TβRⅠ and TβR Ⅱ, thus affected the combination of TGFβ1, and their receptors.

Objective To observe the effect of JWSNS serum on proliferation and apoptosis hepatic stellate cells.Methods After being added different concentrations of JWSNS (the low concentrations of JWSNS:0.78 g/ml of crude drug; the medium concentration group of JWSNS:1.56 g/ml of crude drug; the high concentration group of JWSNS:3.12 g/ml of crude drug) drug-containing serum in vitro HSC-T6 cells for 12h,24 h and 48 h respectively,detected serum HSC-T6 proliferation with MTT colorimetry method and measured HSC-T6 apoptosis with flow cytometry and TUNEL method.Results (①) After applied JWSNS on rats HSC-T6,the Cell proliferation was inhibited which showed a time-concentration dependence.The differences were significant when comparing each JWSNS group with the control group (P＜0.01).High concentration of JWSNS group showed significant difference when compared with Biejiaruangan tablets group (P＜0.05) with high concentration of JWSNS (0.399± 0.041) ％ after 48h,and Biejia-Ruangan tablets (0.429± 0.037) ％ after 48 h.② Flow cytometry analysis showed each JWSNS group and Biejiaruangan tablets group had significant increased cell apoptosis when compared with the control group (P＜0.05) after 12 h,24 h,and 48 h.JWSNS medium concentration group [12 h was (17.83±0.25)％,24 h was (26.06±0.26)％,48 h was (39.30±2.25) ％] and JWSNS high concentration group [12 h was (27.15±0.29)％,24 h was (38.96±0.51)％,48 h was (49.34± 0.77) ％] had a significant increased cell apoptosis compared to the Biejia-Ruangan tablets group [ 12 h was (8.31 ± 0.30) ％,24 h was (16.25 ± 0.25) ％,48 h was (27.12± 0.39) ％].③ TUNEL detection showed that each concentration of JWSNS group [the low concentration of JWSNS:was (25.1 ± 1.48)％,medium concentration group of JWSNS was(39.30±2.25)％,high concentration group of JWSNS was(39.30±2.25)％] had a significant increased cell apoptosis rate than Biejiaruangan tablets group (30.0± 3.92) after 48 h (P＜0.01).Conclusion JWSNS containing serum can inhibit the proliferation of HSC-T6 in vitro,promote the apoptosis

Objective To observe the effects of fecal microbiota transplantation on intestinal microbiota and brain function in sepsis rats. Methods Sixty male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were divided into sham operation group, model group and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) group by random number table, each group 20 rats. The rat model of sepsis was established by injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 10 mg/kg in tail vein. FMT group received nasogastric infusion of feces from healthy donor. Fecal samples were collected on the 6th day after the modeling to detect the levels of intestinal microbiota composition; the brain function was also evaluated by electroencephalogram (EEG), and the proportion of each waveform in EEG was calculated. After sacrifice of rats in different groups, the brain tissues were taken, the levels of protein expression and positive cells of Iba-1 in brain tissue were detected by Western Blot and immunohistochemistry method. Results ① Intestinal flora analysis showed that: the diversity index and Chaol index of the intestinal microbiota in model group were significantly lower than that in sham operation group (observed species:282±40 vs. 473±37, Chao1 index: 730±21 vs. 837±27, both P < 0.05); compared with the model group, the diversity index and Chaol index in FMT group were obviously higher (observed species: 461±20 vs. 282±40, Chao1 index:840±16 vs. 730±21, both P < 0.05). At phylum, family, genus level analysis showed that the proportion of Firmicutes phylum and Fusobacterium were obviously lower than those of sham operation group [Firmicutes phylum (22.12±1.34)% vs. (78.01±1.23)%, Fusobacterium: (2.03±0.17)% vs. (5.03±0.19)%, both P < 0.05], and the proportions of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes phyla and Acidaminococcaceae, Fusobacteriaceae, Enterbacteriacecae, Alistipes were markedly higher in model group [Proteobacteria: (70.21±2.35)% vs. (19.45±2.17)%, Bacteroidetes phyla: (4.12±0.19)% vs. (2.50±0.64)%, Acidaminococcaceae: (12.51±0.87)% vs. (1.01±0.12)%, Fusobacteriaceae: (13.62±1.27)% vs. (2.31±0.19)%, Enterbacteriacecae: (18.24±2.13)% vs. (4.15±1.51)%, Alistipes: (4.53±0.27)% vs. (1.47±0.33)%, all P < 0.05]; compared with the model group, the proportion of Firmicutes phylum and Faecalibacterium in FMT group were significantly higher [Firmicutes phylum: (72.14±2.31)% vs. (22.12±1.34)%, Faecalibacterium: (5.01±0.27)% vs. (2.03±0.17)%, both P < 0.05], and Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes phyla and Acidaminococcaceae, Fusobacteriaceae, Enterbacteriacecae in FMT group were obviously lower [Proteobacteria: (14.23±1.98)% vs. (70.21±2.35)%, Bacteroidetes phyla: (3.15±0.18)% vs. (4.12±0.19)%, Acidaminococcaceae: (0.91±0.11)% vs. (12.51±0.87)%, Fusobacteriaceae: (1.25±0.15)% vs. (13.62±1.27)%, Enterbacteriacecae: (3.50±0.21)% vs. (18.24±2.13)%, all P < 0.05]. ② EEG analysis showed that the percentages of δ wave in EEG in model group was significantly higher after modeling than that in sham operation group [(16.86±0.50)% vs. (10.67±0.65)%, P < 0.05]; the ratios of δ wave in EEG was significantly lower in FMT group than that in the model group [(12.87±0.60)% vs. (17.35±0.41)%, P <0.05]. The incidence of abnormal EEG in sham operation group was 0, the incidence of abnormal EEG in model group was significantly increased [the ratios of δpredominant wave, θpredominant wave, low-voltage were 66.7% (6/9), 66.7% (6/9), 77.8% (7/9) respectively], the ratios of above abnormal waves in EEG in FMT group were obviously lower than those in model group [the ratios of above abnormal waves in FMT group were respectively 9.1% (1/11), 9.1% (1/11), 18.2%(2/11)]. ③ Western Blot analysis showed that the protein expression of Iba-1 in cortex in model group obviously was higher than that in sham operation group (Iba-1/β-actin: 1.39±0.16 vs. 0.67±0.18, P < 0.05); the expression of Iba-1 in cortex tissue of FMT group was markedly lower than that in model group (Iba-1/β-actin: 0.51±0.14 vs. 1.39±0.16, P < 0.05). ④ Immunohistochemistry of Iba-1 in cortex analysis showed that there were no Iba-1 positive cells in the cortex in sham operation group; Iba-1 positive cells were found in the cortex in model group; the number of Iba-1 positive cells in FMT group was less than that in model group. Conclusion FMT can improve the construction of intestinal microbiota, and ameliorate the brain dysfunction in SAE.

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the clinical characteristics of testicular torsion and explore the relationship between its incidence and temperature, the value of supplementary examinations, and the factors causing misdiagnosis and testicular lesions. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of the patients with testicular torsion diagnosed in 9 hospitals in Hunan Province from May 1, 2009 to November 1, 2018. The temperature at onset and WBC value after onset were analyzed. The misdiagnosis rate and testicular lesion rate in the first-visit hospitals were compared between the large general hospitals and local hospitals. The factors that affected the diagnosis and treatment of testicular torsion were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 274 cases were included in this study, and misdiagnoses occurred in 151 cases (61.9%). The initial diagnosis was made in large general hospitals in 59 cases; misdiagnosis occurred in 30.5% of the cases and the rate of testicular lesions was 57.6%. Of the 215 cases first diagnosed in local hospitals, only 82 cases were diagnosed correctly, and the misdiagnosis rate was as high as 61.9%; the rate of testicular lesion was 85.6% in these cases. There were significant differences in the misdiagnosis rate and testicular lesion rate between the two groups ( < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The first-visit misdiagnosis rate of testicular torsion is much lower and the probability of testicle preservation is significantly higher in large general hospitals than in the local hospitals, suggesting the importance of health education for testicular torsion, enhancing the awareness of this condition and training of the surgeons in primary hospitals.
Diagnostic Errors ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Spermatic Cord Torsion ; Testis

ObjectiveTo analyze the distribution of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） patterns as well as factors related to acute exacerbation in group E of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）. MethodsThe general data of 161 COPD patients， including gender， age， body mass index （BMI）， disease course， smoking history， and past history， were collected. In terms of the four examinations of TCM， the differentiated patterns included phlegm-heat obstructing the lung， turbid phlegm obstructing the lung， phlegm stasis obstructing the lung， lung-spleen qi deficiency， and lung-kidney deficiency. The modified British Medical Research Council （mMRC） scale and COPD assessment test （CAT）， the pulmonary function indicators including forced expiratory volume in the first second （FEV1） and ratio of forced expiratory volume to forced vital capacity at second 1 （FEV1/FVC）， GOLD grade， and the patient's acute exacerbations in the previous year were recorded. Multivariate regression analysis was performed using logistic regression model to determine the relevant factors of patients in COPD group E. The distribution of acute exacerbations in different TCM symptom patients in group E was analyzed. ResultsThere were 80 patients （49.69%） in group E and 81 patients （50.31%） in non-group E. In group E， 23 （28.75%） patients had a history of two acute exacerbations， while 35 （43.75%） had three acute exacerbations， and 22 （27.5%） had more than three acute exacerbations. There were 13 （16.25%） cases of phlegm-heat obstructing the lung pattern， 6 （7.5%） cases of turbid phlegm obstructing the lung pattern， 8 （10%） cases of phlegm stasis obstructing the lung pattern， 22 cases （27.5%） of lung-spleen qi deficiency pattern， and 31 （38.75%） cases of lung-kidney deficiency pattern. There were significant differences in smoking history， disease course， TCM pattern， TCM syndrome score， mMRC score， and CAT score between groups （P＜0.05）. A total of 107 of the 161 patients completed pulmonary function tests， and the differences in FEV1， FEV1/FVC and GOLD grades between groups were statistically significant （P＜0.05）. Multivariate regression analysis showed that TCM pattern， TCM syndrome score and CAT score were statistically significant factors for COPD patients in group E （P＜0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the number of acute exacerbations in different TCM patterns in group E （P＜0.05）. The patients with two acute exacerbations in the past year were mainly phlegm-heat obstructing the lung and lung-spleen qi deficiency patterns， while the three acute exacerbations were mainly seen in lung-spleen qi deficiency and lung-kidney deficiency patterns， and more than three exacerbations were more common with lung -kidney deficiency pattern. ConclusionsPatients in COPD group E were mainly the lung-spleen qi deficiency and lung-kidney deficiency patterns. Deficiency of healthy qi is the main reason for the increase in the number of acute exacerbations， and TCM patterns and CAT score were the main related factors.