OBJECTIVE:To investigate the situation of antibiotic resistance of S.pneumoniae(Sp)of clinical isolates from children in Guangzhou.METHODS:The authors cultured,isolated and identified the Sp strains from nasopharyngeal secretion of patients who visited Guangzhou children's hospitals because of upper respiratory tract infections in2000and2001.The paper strip method and E-Test of antibiotic susceptibility were done for157isolates.RESULTS:The penicillin resistant Sp(PRSP)isolates accounted for53.5%.PRSP isolates showed a higher resistance to other?-lactam antimcrobal,erythromycin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole as compared to penicillin susceptible Sp(PSSP)isolates.More than90%of PRSP were mul?tidrug resistant strains.The strains of Sp were susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulamic acid and ceftriaxone.Strains had decreaced susceptibility(59%)to cefuroxime.In2001,the rate of cefaclor resistance was56%.The prevalence of erythromycin resistant Sp in this study was up to78%.The rate of tetra-cycline resistance were87.9%.Trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole(TMP/SMX)resistant rate was as high as69%.The chloramphenicol resistant isolats were in stable low levels(33.3%).CONCLUSI_ ON:The resistant Sp isolated from children with respiratory tract infections in this area would be a severe problem.PRSP rate was increased and was characterized by a multi-resistance to erythromycin,tetracycline and TMP/SMX.

Objective To discuss the feasibility of neuroendoscopic third ventriculostomy for chronic posttraumatic hydrocephalus (PTH).Methods Nineteen cases of chronic PTH treated with neuroendoscopic third ventriculostomy between October 2010 and October 2014 were analyzed retrospectively.There were 13 males and 6 females, aged 11-57 years (mean, 36.3 years).Trauma resulted from traffic accidents in 14 cases, falls in 4 cases and blunt object hitting in 1 case.Of the 19 cases analyzed, 5 had Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 13-15, 5 had score of 9-12 and 9 had score of 5-8 at admission.Results of operation were assessed with the Canada multicenter evaluation criteria.Prognosis was analyzed with the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS).Results All cases were followed up for mean 13.6 months (range, 6-26 months).Improvement of symptoms was achieved in 17 cases, but was not seen in 2 cases.Of the 2 cases, one required ventriculoperitoneal shunt two weeks after ineffective ventriculostomy, and one required second ventriculostomy one month after the presence of stoma blockage.No serious complications occurred.At follow-up, 9 cases had GOS score of 5, 8 cases had score of 4 and 2 cases had score of 3.Conclusions Neuroendoscopic third ventriculostomy is in line with the physical characteristics in cerebrospinal fluid circulation, which implies no shunt implantation, less operative trauma and less complications.The procedure is an effective approach for chronic PTH.

新冠病毒感染疫情严重威胁着世界各国人民的生命健康。目前，对病毒感染的防治研究主要集中在抑制病毒与分子受体的结合上。AXL作为新发现的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型（SARS-CoV-2）受体，在协助病毒感染人体呼吸系统中发挥着重要作用，是未来临床干预的潜在靶点。本研究对已发表的单细胞测序数据进行整理和分析，发现AXL在年轻人肺细胞中的表达水平明显高于老年人。人胚肺二倍体成纤维细胞（2BS）是衰老研究的公认细胞株。本文采用2BS细胞构建复制性细胞衰老模型，发现年轻细胞中AXL的蛋白水平明显高于衰老细胞，据此推测年轻人感染的风险可能更高，需要注意防护。我们发现一种羊栖菜褐藻多糖硫酸酯组分（SFW-3）可显著下调年轻2BS细胞中AXL的表达水平，表明SFW-3具有一定的抗SARS-CoV-2感染的研究价值，同时表明2BS细胞株也可作为潜在的SARS-CoV-2体外感染模型。
Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Sargassum/metabolism* ; Diploidy ; Sulfates/metabolism* ; COVID-19 ; Polysaccharides/pharmacology* ; Lung